Английская Википедия:Busan–Geoje Bridge
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Infobox bridge
The Busan–Geoje Fixed Link or Geoga Bridge (Шаблон:Lang-ko) is an 8.2-kilometer (5.1-mi) bridge-tunnel fixed link that connects the South Korean city of Busan to Geoje Island. The route opened on December 13, 2010[1] and shortens the travelling distance between Geoje Island and Busan by about 60 kilometers (37 mi). The new road has two lanes in each direction and carries National Road 58.[2]
The fixed link opens Geoje Island to tourist-related development and saves US$300 million in costs related to traffic delays from the longer route.[3]
Design and construction
The bridge was built under a public-private partnership. GK Fixed Link Corp, a consortium of seven Korean contractors, has a 40-year contract to build, operate and transfer the fixed link. The project is planned to cost US$1.8 billion. The government has provided only one-fourth of the cost; the rest is financed by the consortium to be repaid by tolls during the life of the contract. The lead contractor in the consortium is Daewoo Engineering & Construction, Co.[4]
Designers involved with the project include COWI A/S (Denmark), Halcrow Group (United Kingdom), Tunnel Engineering Consultants (Netherlands), Pihl and Son (Denmark), Arcadis US (USA), and Ben C. Gerwick (USA).[4]
Route
The route connects Busan, Korea's largest port city, to the shipbuilding industries and tourism destinations on Geoje Island.[5] It replaces either a 210-minute journey by road or a 120-minute journey by ferry. The new route cuts travel time down to 40 minutes.[6]
The fixed link starts on Geoje Island, crosses three islets (Jeo, Jungjuk and Daejuk) and ends on Gaduk Island. In addition to the tunnel between Daejuk and Gaduk islands, a bridge is used to cross each of the islets.
Bridge 1
The Шаблон:Convert bridge between Jungjuk and Jeo islands includes a cable-stayed bridge with a Шаблон:Convert main span and Шаблон:Convert side spans. This bridge provides Шаблон:Convert of navigational clearance and has two Шаблон:Convert diamond-shaped pylons.[7]
Bridge 2
Between Geoje and Jeo islands, a Шаблон:Convert bridge includes a three-pylon cable-stay bridge. This bridge has two mainspans of Шаблон:Convert with side spans of Шаблон:Convert. The pylons are Шаблон:Convert tall and there is Шаблон:Convert of clearance underneath the bridge.[7]
Tunnel
When it opened, the tunnel became the world's deepest immersed roadway tunnel (Шаблон:Convert below mean water level) and the world's second-longest concrete immersed tunnel, at Шаблон:Convert.[4] It is Korea's first immersed tunnel.[8] It became the second-deepest immersed vehicle tunnel after completion of the Marmaray (Bosphorus rail tunnel) in 2013.[5]
The tunnel is made up of Шаблон:Convert segments constructed in a dry dock in Anjeon. Each segment was towed Шаблон:Convert by barges and sunk into place.[9]
Toll
(Since 2011)
Vehicle type | Toll (in South Korean Won) |
---|---|
Light car | 5,000 |
Small car | 10,000 |
Medium car | 15,000 |
Large car | 25,000 |
Biggest car | 30,000 |
See also
- Transportation in South Korea
- List of bridges in South Korea
- List of bridge–tunnels
- Lists of tunnels
- Øresund Bridge
- Tokyo Bay Aqua-Line
- Undersea tunnel
Notes and references
- Шаблон:Cite journal
- Шаблон:Cite journal
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite AV media
- Шаблон:Cite journal
- Шаблон:Cite journal
External links
- Busan-Geoje Link in the Structurae database. Retrieved on 2009-02-22.
- Шаблон:Structurae
- Шаблон:Structurae
- Шаблон:Structurae
Шаблон:Bridge–tunnels Шаблон:Authority control
развернутьПартнерские ресурсы |
---|
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Yeoward 2010, p. 26.
- ↑ Cho 2009, p. 25.
- ↑ Перейти обратно: 4,0 4,1 4,2 Cho 2009, p. 24.
- ↑ Перейти обратно: 5,0 5,1 Rowson 2009.
- ↑ Halcrow project video (wmv), 1:04 minutes.
- ↑ Перейти обратно: 7,0 7,1 Fraser 2008.
- ↑ Halcrow project video (wmv), 29 seconds.
- ↑ Cho 2009, p. 26.
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