Английская Википедия:Bustard Head Light
Шаблон:Use Australian English Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox lighthouse
Bustard Head Light is an active lighthouse located on the southeast tip of Bustard Head, a headland, about Шаблон:Convert northwest of Seventeen Seventy, in the Australian state of Queensland, within the Eurimbula National Park and locality of Eurimbula. Built in 1868, it is the second-oldest lightstation in the state,Шаблон:Sfn following Cape Moreton Light,Шаблон:Sfn and the first to be built in Queensland after its formation in 1859.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn It is also one of the first in Australia to be constructed using bolted prefabricated segments of cast iron,Шаблон:Sfn and one of only two such lighthouses in Queensland, the other being its sibling, Sandy Cape Light.Шаблон:Sfn It serves as the central relay for Dent Island Light, Pine Islet Light and Lady Elliot Island Light and as the radio check post for Cape Capricorn Light, Sandy Cape Light and Double Island Point Light.Шаблон:Sfn
Bustard Head was named by Captain James Cook in 1770, in honour of a bustard which was shot and eaten by the landing party at the location.Шаблон:Sfn
History
The Government of Queensland was formed in 1859.Шаблон:Sfn In 1862, the Queensland government appointed the first Portmaster, Commander George Poynter Heath. However, it was only in 1864 that two committees were appointed to deal with the issue of coastal lighthouses. One of the locations believed by these committees to require a lighthouse was Bustard Head.Шаблон:Sfn In practice, Bustard head became the first to be constructed by the new government. Orders for the tower and the lantern were placed in 1865,Шаблон:Sfn with Hennet, Spinks and Company of Bridgwater, England and Chance Brothers of Birmingham, England, respectively. Both orders shipped to Brisbane in April 1867,Шаблон:Sfn and a construction tender was awarded to W. P. Clark in August 1867, for erecting the lighthouse and building the other buildings required for the station. Though the contract stated six months of construction, actual work took ten months, and the light was first lit on 29 June 1868.Шаблон:Sfn W. P. Clark was to later construct Double Island Point Light (1884), Pine Islet Light (1885),Шаблон:Sfn Low Isles Light (1877)Шаблон:Sfn and to start the construction of Cape Cleveland Light and Dent Island Light (1878).Шаблон:Sfn
In May 1932 the original cottages were destroyed in fire.Шаблон:Sfn In 1935 the stairs which were originally outside the tower were relocated within the tower.Шаблон:Sfn The lighthouse was automated during 1985–86, and finally de-manned in 1986,Шаблон:Sfn leaving it to neglect and vandalism for the next 16 years. In 2001 the Bustard Head Lighthouse Association, a volunteer organisation led by Stuart Buchanan, obtained a twenty-year lease on the premises and started restoring it using funds from a federal grant, local businesses and self-funding. The station was fully restored, and it is now managed by the association.Шаблон:Sfn
Current display
The current light characteristic is two white flashes, separated by three seconds, every ten seconds (Fl.(2)W. 10s),[1] visible for Шаблон:Convert.[2] The light source is a 1000 Watt 120 Volt tungsten-halogen lamp, with an intensity of 200,000 cd.[3] The light is fed by Mains electricity, with a standby diesel alternator.Шаблон:Sfn The current optical apparatus is an AGA Шаблон:Convert rotating lens.Шаблон:Sfn
Structures
The lighthouse is conical in form. It stands Шаблон:Convert high, constructed of prefabricated cast iron plates, and painted white, with splayed flanges at the base, much like the Sandy Cape Light. The tower is topped by a cantilevered iron gallery, with a simple iron balustrade.Шаблон:Sfn Inside the tower is a spiral iron staircase with cast iron steps, adjoined to the internal walls.Шаблон:Sfn Entrance to the lighthouse was originally via an external flight of stairs and a small landing leading to a door on the second floor. In 1935 and entrance was provided on the ground floor and the stairs were relocated within the tower.Шаблон:Sfn On top of the gallery is the original Шаблон:Convert diameter Chance Bros lantern.Шаблон:Sfn In the lantern room is a catwalk, supported by ornate iron brackets. The dome of the lantern is copper clad and painted red, and itself topped with a spherical knob and a weather vane. The lighthouse is fenced.Шаблон:Sfn
The residences at the station consist of two one-storey lighthouse keeper's houses.Шаблон:Sfn They are timber framed, clad with fibro and with corrugated fibro roofs,Шаблон:Sfn with stainless-steel gutters.Шаблон:Sfn One of them is occupied by a site manager and the other serves as a display with lighthouse artefacts.Шаблон:Sfn
Another notable structure at the station is an old powerhouse, timber-framed and clad with cement sheet and a gabled corrugated fibro cement roof with stainless-steel gutters.Шаблон:Sfn The new powerhouse is brick constructed on a concrete foundation.Шаблон:Sfn
Other structures include a fencedШаблон:Sfn fuel store, a tool shed, a garage/stores shed, and a bulk fuel farm.Шаблон:Sfn They are mostly timber-framed and clad with fibro.Шаблон:Sfn
Also on the premises is a cemetery surrounded by a white picket fence, located about Шаблон:Convert northeast of the station. It contains nine graves dating from 1879 to 1911 as well as two unmarked, child-sized graves.Шаблон:Sfn
Site operation and visiting
The light is operated by the Australian Maritime Safety Authority. The site is managed by the Bustard Head Lighthouse Association. The site is accessible by boat only.[4] The site and tower are open to tours which are available daily.Шаблон:Sfn
See also
Notes
References
- Шаблон:Cite ngall
- Шаблон:Cite rowlett
- Шаблон:Cite loa
- Шаблон:Cite sslidx
- Шаблон:Cite AHD
- Шаблон:Cite AHD
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite journal
- Шаблон:Cite loa
External links
Шаблон:Commons category-inline
Шаблон:Lighthouses of Queensland Шаблон:Authority control
- ↑ List of Lights
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокrangeне указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокintensityне указан текст - ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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- Lighthouses completed in 1868
- Lighthouses in Queensland
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- 1868 establishments in Australia
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