Английская Википедия:César, Duke of Vendôme

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Шаблон:Infobox Royalty César de Bourbon, Légitimé de France (June 1594 – 22 October 1665) was the illegitimate son of Henry IV of France and his mistress Gabrielle d'Estrées, and founder of the House of Bourbon-Vendome. He held the titles of 1st Duke of Vendôme, 2nd Duke of Beaufort and 2nd Duke of Étampes, but is also simply known as César de Vendôme.

Biography

Born in June 1594 at the Château de Coucy in the Picardy region of France, César was the illegitimate son of Henry IV of France and his mistress Gabrielle d'Estrées and was the couple's first child.Шаблон:Sfn He was legitimised on 3 February 1595, and was created the first Duke of Vendôme by his father in 1598.Шаблон:Sfn In the same year, he was engaged to Françoise de Lorraine, "..the wealthiest heiress in France".Шаблон:Sfn

In 1598, César was created Duke of Vendome in his own right.Шаблон:Sfn One year later he also inherited the titles of Duke of Beaufort and Duke of Étampes upon the death of his mother, who died as a result of a stillbirth in Paris.Шаблон:Sfn

He was his father's first son but due to his illegitimacy, was not allowed to inherit the throne; his half-brother, the future Louis XIII of France was born in September 1601 much to the joy of the king.

On 16 July 1608, at the Château de Fontainebleau, Cesar married Françoise de Lorraine, the wealthy heiress of Philippe Emmanuel, Duke of Mercœur.Шаблон:Sfn Françoise was the legal heir to the large and separate duchies of Mercœur and Penthièvre. In 1610, Cesar's father granted him a rank higher than peers of the realm but below princes of the blood (prince du sang).Шаблон:Sfn

Файл:Blason Batard Vendôme.svg
Coat-of-arms for César, Duke of Vendôme.

César was involved in many noble intrigues during the reign of his half-brother Louis XIII of France.Шаблон:Sfn Implicated in the conspiracy of Chalais against Cardinal Richelieu, he and his brother Alexandre, Chevalier de Vendôme, were imprisoned in the Château de Vincennes in 1626.Шаблон:Sfn He was released in 1630.Шаблон:Sfn

In 1632, he returned to France but was soon accused of plotting the death of Richelieu and was exiled again, first to Holland then to England.Шаблон:Sfn He did not return until 1642. Soon after his return he took part in the Шаблон:Ill against Cardinal Mazarin, together with his second son François - this led to yet another exile, till 1650. The marriage of his son Louis to Laura Mancini brought about his reconciliation with Mazarin, and he supported Anne of Austria throughout the Fronde.

He reconciled with his half-brother in December 1642, a year before his death and the accession of his nephew Louis XIV. The reconciliation occurred after the death of Richelieu.

César led the royal troops against the rebels in Burgundy, of which he was appointed governor in 1650; appointed Grand Admiral of France in 1651 he helped to capture the insurgent stronghold of Bordeaux in July 1653. Joining French forces in the ongoing war with Spain, he defeated a Spanish fleet off Barcelona in 1655.Шаблон:Sfn

Early in 1665 the Duke of Vendôme was created the Grand Master of Navigation. He died later that year on 22 October 1665 in Paris and was buried in the chapel of Saint-Georges at the Château of Vendôme.

Issue

Cesar and Françoise had:

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Sources

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Шаблон:Légitimés de France Шаблон:Dukes of Vendôme Шаблон:House of Bourbon (France)

Шаблон:Authority control

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