Английская Википедия:COVID-19 pandemic in California
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Update Шаблон:Infobox pandemic The COVID-19 pandemic in California began earlier than in some other parts of the United States. Ten of the first 20 confirmed COVID-19 infections in the United States were detected in California, and the first infection was confirmed on January 26, 2020.[1][2][3] All of the early confirmed cases were persons who had recently travelled to China, as testing was restricted to this group, but there were some other people infected by that point. A state of emergency was declared in the state on March 4, 2020. A mandatory statewide stay-at-home order was issued on March 19, 2020; it was ended on January 25, 2021.[4] On April 6, 2021, the state announced plans to fully reopen the economy by June 15, 2021.[5]
As of June 16, 2022, the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) has reported 9,199,942 confirmed cumulative cases and 91,240 deaths in the state.[6] This was the highest number of confirmed cases in the United States, but because the state has the highest population of any US state, it also had one of the lowest rankings (41st highest out of 50 states) for confirmed cases per capita. It has the highest count of deaths related to the virus, but a relatively low (35th highest) count of deaths per capita.[7][8][9] Шаблон:As of, California had administered 40,669,793 COVID-19 vaccine doses, the largest number of doses nationwide, and was one of the highest ranked (11th out of 50 states) in terms of per-capita dose administration.[10]
A bipartisan effort of politicians and owners of restaurants, bars, gyms, spas, and other small businesses harmed by lockdown restrictions attempted to recall Governor Gavin Newsom in 2021; he won the election with 66% support.[11][12]
California is the origin of the Epsilon variant of SARS-CoV-2, which, in March 2021, accounted for 35% of all confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the state at that time.[13][14]
Timeline
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First detection
Although later events suggested that COVID-19 had been present within California in December 2019,[15][16] the virus was not detected for the first time until late January 2020: On January 26, 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) confirmed the first case in California. The person, who had returned from travel to Wuhan, China, was released from the hospital in Orange County on February 1 in good condition to in-home isolation.[2] On January 31, the CDC confirmed the state's second case, a man in Santa Clara County, who had recently traveled to Wuhan.[17] The man recovered at home and was released from in-home isolation on February 20.[18]
On January 29, 2020, as disease containment protocols were still being developed, the U.S. Department of State evacuated 195 of its employees, their families, and other U.S. citizens from Hubei Province aboard a chartered flight to March Air Reserve Base in Riverside County.[19] There were concerns at the time that allowing Americans to return from overseas might spread COVID-19 within California and the rest of the US.[20][21]
On February 2, the CDC confirmed the state's third case in a woman in Santa Clara County, California, who had recently traveled to Wuhan.[22] On the same day, the CDC reported the country's tenth and eleventh cases in San Benito County, including the second known instance of human-to-human transmission.[23]
On February 5, the U.S. evacuated 345 citizens from Hubei Province and took them to two air bases in California, Travis Air Force Base in Solano County and Marine Corps Air Station Miramar, San Diego, to be quarantined for 14 days.[19][24]
First death
On February 6, 2020, a woman from San Jose, California became the first COVID-19 death in the U.S., though this was not discovered until April 2020. The case indicated community transmission had been happening undetected in the state and the U.S., most likely since December 2019.[15][16] On March 4, it was separately reported that the first coronavirus fatality in the state had instead occurred in Placer County.[25]
On February 15, the government evacuated 338 U.S. nationals stranded aboard the cruise ship Diamond Princess, which had been held in quarantine in Yokohama, Japan.[26] Fourteen of those repatriated people were infected with the virus.[27] Five more nationals with COVID-19 were evacuated from the ship the following week and were quarantined at Travis Air Force Base; several more cases among the evacuees were later confirmed.[28]
On February 26, 2020, a confirmed case of unknown origin was announced about a resident of Solano County.[29][30] The UC Davis Medical Center in Sacramento had asked the CDC to test for SARS-CoV-2, even though the person did not meet the CDC's criteria for testing at the time, which required a likely exposure to an infected person through either travel or close contact with someone known to have COVID-19. The CDC eventually agreed to do the test, which proved the person had COVID-19.[31] After this first confirmed case of community transmission in the U.S.,[32] the CDC revised its criteria for testing patients for SARS-CoV-2 and issued new guidelines for healthcare workers.[33]
State of emergency
On March 2, 2020, amidst concerns over the spread of coronavirus in the state, Governor Gavin Newsom declared a state of emergency in California.[34] Newsom issued a mandatory statewide stay-at-home order was issued on March 19, 2020; it would be ended 10 months later, on January 25, 2021.[4] This order caused the closure of schools, restaurants, meeting places, and many workplaces.
On March 24, a teenager who tested positive and died in Lancaster, part of Los Angeles County, appeared to have become the first individual in the U.S. under the age of 18 to die of COVID-19.[35][36] However, while he had COVID-19 at the time of his death, it is unclear whether COVID-19 caused his death.[37]
On June 18, 2020, Newsom ordered a statewide mask mandate due to the rising number of cases and deaths, requiring citizens to wear masks or other coverings in most public spaces with a few exceptions. Many local governments had previously dropped mandatory mask-wearing measures.[38] On July 9, he reported a new record number of COVID-19-related deaths in the state.[39] By July 22, California surpassed 409,000 COVID-19 cases, surpassing New York for the most in the nation.[40]
On August 19, 2020, Dr. Sonia Y. Angell resigned as the CDPH Director and State Public Health Officer. Governor Gavin Newsom indicated Angell's resignation was related to data issues with the California Reportable Disease Information Exchange (CalREDIE) system that resulted in nearly 300,000 backlogged COVID-19 test results.[41] On August 10, 2020, Sandra Shewry was appointed as acting director and Dr. Erica Pan, California state epidemiologist, was named acting state public health officer.[42]
By September 3, 2020, Hispanic and Latino Americans comprised up to 60 percent of COVID-19 cases in the state, ostensibly due to the large population of the demographic and many of them being a part of the essential workforce.[43] Filipino Americans were the second-most affected, in part due to a high percentage of workers in healthcare on the frontlines, and as well as having a very high percentage of essential workers much like Latino Americans in California.[44]
On October 26, 2020, San Francisco and Oakland phased out Google's sister company Verily's COVID-19 testing system following concerns about patients’ data privacy and complaints about its funding, which despite intention to boost testing in low-income Black and Latino neighborhoods was benefiting higher-income residents in other communities.[45]
On December 30, 2020, a confirmed case of a new, more contagious SARS-CoV-2 variant from the United Kingdom was reported in Southern California.[46] On January 6, 2021, the CDC announced that it had found at least 26 confirmed cases of the more contagious SARS-CoV-2 variant in California.[47] As of March 2, 2021, 189 sequences in the B.1.1.7 lineage have been detected in California since the lineage was first identified.[48]
As of March 2, 2021, 1,608 sequences in the B.1.427 lineage and 3,903 sequences in the B.1.429 lineage had been detected in California.[13][14]
Equipment shortage
Шаблон:FurtherCalifornia formerly had a strategic stockpile of medical supplies for responding to epidemics. In 2006, then-Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger ordered creation of an epidemic-ready medical equipment stockpile, including three 200-bed mobile hospitals with 50 million N95 respirators, 2,400 ventilators, and 21,000 additional patient beds.[49] Governor Jerry Brown cut the budget for warehousing and keeping up the reserve in 2011, responding to the Great Recession economic downturn.[50][51]
Personal protective equipment for healthcare workers
As early as January 2020, a survey by the California Department of Public Health found that many Californian health care providers were having trouble obtaining adequate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as masks, gowns, and eye protection.[52] By mid-March, 2020, when Newsom issued the first statewide shelter-in-place order,[53] 220 of 292 California hospitals surveyed already reported that they were having to limit use of masks, often severely.[52] Even with limitations in place, Newsom estimated that California healthcare facilities were still using about 46 million masks each month during the pandemic.[54]
As safety equipment shortages continued throughout the first months of the pandemic,[55] many doctors, nurses and emergency medical service workers expressed fears and frustrations at being asked to reuse safety gear or wear homemade and less effective masks and at the overall lack of proper PPE, which does not provide adequate protection from COVID-19 exposure.[56][57][58][59][60][61] Шаблон:As of, local agencies reported 127 deaths from a total of 23,513 confirmed positive cases among healthcare workers in California.[62]
Newsom's administration made several attempts to procure masks and other protective equipment for healthcare workers, including:
- multiple attempts at large-scale mask purchases, including failed deals with Blue Flame Medical, which was investigated by the US Department of Justice,[63][64] and Bear Mountain Development Co.,[65] as well as a successful, if initially delayed, purchase from BYD;[54][66] and
- a marketplace portal where individuals and businesses could offer PPE for donation or sale, attracting many small donations as well as fraudulent business posts that overwhelmed the site managers.[67][68][69]
Шаблон:As of, California's stockpile reached approximately 86 million N-95 masks and 111 million surgical and procedural masks.[54]
Hospitals and ventilators
At the start of 2020, California had 416 hospitals, yielding a statewide capacity of about 78,000 staffed beds.[70] In mid-March, 2020, when the state was preparing for a surge of COVID-19 cases, Newsom submitted an unfulfilled request for 10,000 ventilators from the federal government.[70] The state government continued to acquire ventilators, but was able to flatten the curve enough that on April 6, 2020, California donated 500 ventilators to the Strategic National Stockpile for use in other states.[71] Шаблон:As of, hospitals statewide report that 36% of ICU beds were available still, as were 72% of ventilators. However, the hardest-hit counties were quickly reaching capacity and reportedly borrowing ventilators from neighboring hospitals to meet demand.[72]
Community response
In March 2020, there were calls for crowdsourcing on social media, to donate masks, goggles, or other equipment to healthcare professionals,[73] including from major medical centers.[74] Local public health offices started coordinating donation efforts.[75]
Maker Nexus, a non-profit maker space in Sunnyvale, began making face shields to donate to local hospitals and other health care facilities, using its 3D printers and laser cutters. They also worked with hundreds of individuals in the Bay Area with 3D printers at home, who then brought their produces to Maker Nexus for final assembly and delivery.[76][77][78][79][80] Together with other groups and individuals, the maker space also made cloth face masks to substitute for surgical masks in non-critical applications.[81]
Government response
| Date | Action Taken | Weekly cases leading up to stricter/lifted restrictions[82] |
|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Dts | State of emergency declared. | |
| Шаблон:Dts | Mass gatherings (over 250 people) and social gatherings (over 10 people) banned. | |
| Шаблон:Dts | State-wide stay-at-home order issued. | 781 |
| Шаблон:Dts | Intakes in prisons and juvenile correction centers postponed. | |
| Шаблон:Dts | Closure of all public and private schools (including institutions of higher education) ordered for the remainder of the 2019–2020 academic year. | 6,865 |
| Шаблон:Dts | State offered to pay hotel room costs for hospital and other essential workers afraid of returning home and infecting family members. | |
| Шаблон:Dts | Program to deliver free meals to elderly residents announced. | |
| Шаблон:Dts | Expansion of the state's Farm to Family program (which helps connect farmers to food banks) announced. | |
| Шаблон:Dts | Worker's compensation extended for all workers who contracted COVID-19 during the state's stay-at-home order. | |
| Шаблон:Dts | Property tax penalties waived for residents and small businesses that have been negatively affected by the pandemic. | |
| Шаблон:Dts | State entered Stage 2 of its 4-stage reopening roadmap. | 12,224 |
| Шаблон:Dts | Executive order signed that would send every registered voter a mail-in ballot for the general election. | |
| Шаблон:Dts | Businesses that are part of Stage 3 allowed to reopen. | 12,615 |
| Шаблон:Dts | Hair service businesses allowed to reopen (with restrictions). | 16,107 |
| Шаблон:Dts | Universal masking guidance issued by Department of Public Health. | 23,701 |
| Шаблон:Dts | Bars ordered to close in several counties. | 37,842 |
| Шаблон:Dts | Most indoor businesses, including restaurants, wineries, and movie theaters ordered to close in several counties. | 43,420 |
| Шаблон:Dts | Closure of gyms, indoor dining, bars, movie theaters, and museums re-imposed. | 57,393 |
| Шаблон:Dts | Unveiled a new set of guidelines for lifting restrictions, titled a "Blueprint for a Safer Economy" (BSE). | |
| Шаблон:Dts | BSE county-level restrictions take effect. See below for initial classifications. More than 80% of population is under "Widespread" restrictions. | |
| Шаблон:Dts | Majority of population now under "Substantial" or lower BSE restrictions.Шаблон:EfnШаблон:Efn | |
| Шаблон:Dts | Majority of population back up to "Widespread" BSE restrictions.Шаблон:Efn | |
| Шаблон:Dts | Nighttime curfew implemented for counties under "Widespread" BSE restrictions. | 82,834 |
| Шаблон:Dts | Regional stay-at-home orders announced. | |
| Шаблон:Dts | Southern California and San Joaquin Valley regions under Regional stay-at-home order . | |
| Шаблон:Dts | Golden State stimulus program announced. | |
| Шаблон:Dts | Nighttime curfew and regional stay-at-home orders lifted. | 116,992 |
| Шаблон:Dts | Majority of population back under "Substantial" or lower BSE restrictions.Шаблон:Efn | |
| Шаблон:Dts | Majority of population under "Moderate" or lower BSE restrictions.Шаблон:Efn | |
| Шаблон:Dts | Plan for reopening the economy and scrapping the BSE system on June 15 announced. | 18,822 |
| Шаблон:Dts | $6.2 billion tax cut for small businesses signed into law. | |
| Шаблон:Dts | California Comeback Plan announced. | |
| Шаблон:Dts | Vax for the Win incentive program announced. | |
| Шаблон:Dts | Majority of population under "Minimal" BSE restrictions.Шаблон:Efn | |
| Шаблон:Dts | Retired the Blueprint for a Safer Economy. Masks are still required in schools, on public transportation, such as buses, airplanes, the COASTER and the Pacific Surfliner. hospitals, prisons, and long-term care facilities require masks. |
Statistics and data
Шаблон:External mediaШаблон:Stack Шаблон:External media Шаблон:COVID-19 pandemic data/California medical cases by county Charts of medical cases by county:
- San Francisco County (data from Timeline)[83]
- San Mateo County
- Santa Clara County (for tabular data, see COVID-19 cases)
- Alameda County (for tabular data, see COVID-19 cases)
- Contra Costa County
- Marin County
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Impact
Cancellations, closures and postponements
Effects on education
Education in California was impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Most students in the state switched to distance learning as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, although thousands of them lacked laptops and Wi-Fi.[85] By April 10, 2020, the only school remaining open in the state was Outside Creek Elementary, a school of 21 students in the San Joaquin Valley.[86] By April 29, the school closed indefinitely, making it the last school in the state to do so.[87]
- K–12: On March 17, 2020, the California Department of Education provided guidance for K–12 schools.[88] This included information regarding: Distance learning,[89] resources that support distance learning,[90] remote learning guidance,[91] designing a high-quality online course,[92] grading and graduation requirements,[93] and internet access;[94] school meals;[95] Special education;[96] child care and student supervision in the event of a school closure; and parent resources. The state also authorized $5.3 billion in the 2020-21 budget for Learning Loss Mitigation Funds, designed to help schools improve teaching and learning and access to virtual school.[97]
- California Community Colleges System (CCCS) issued guidance regarding Novel Coronavirus 2019.[98] On May 18, Chancellor Eloy Ortiz Oakley said that California's 115 community colleges will likely continue to offer their classes fully online in the fall, noting that many colleges in the system had already announced this intention. Oakley added that he fully encouraged this decision as he believes it "will be the most relevant way for us to continue to reach our students and to do it in a way that commits to maintaining equity for our students."[99]
- California State University (CSU) system: On March 17, 2020, CSU issued a response to the COVID-19 outbreak, including that "the CSU is following guidance provided by the Centers for Disease Control and the U.S. Department of State".[100] The communication also included information regarding a plan for CSU's 23 campuses to accelerate their transition to online instruction.[101] On May 12, California State University Chancellor Timothy White announced that the CSU system would be offering fall 2020 courses primarily online "with some limited exceptions."[102] For spring 2020 alone, the CSU system was projecting a revenue loss of $337 million due to the pandemic, as a result of losses from student housing, parking and campus bookstores, combined with costs related to cleaning, overtime and the shift to distance education.[102]
- University of California (UC) system: On April 2, 2020, UC president Janet Napolitano and the chancellors of the 10 campuses gave assurances to UC employees.[103] On April 6, 2020, the UC Health Data Initiative launched daily updates on COVID-19 tests.[104] On the same day, the UC launched a grant program to spur COVID-19 related research.[105] Pertinent information for students, faculty, staff, and community is available for each campus: UC Berkeley,[106] UC Davis,[107] UC Irvine,[108] UCLA,[109] UC Merced,[110] UC Riverside,[111] UC San Diego,[112] UC San Francisco,[113] UC Santa Barbara,[114] and UC Santa Cruz.[115] On May 20, University of California president Janet Napolitano told the UC Board of Regents that "every campus will be open and offering instruction" in fall 2020, adding that she "anticipates that most, if not all of our campuses, will operate in some kind of hybrid mode" involving a mix of online and in-person instruction.[116] From the time that UC campuses shut down in mid-March through the end of April, the UC system experienced a $1.2 billion loss due to the pandemic.[116]
Effects on prisons
Шаблон:MainDuring the initial lockdowns, county jails took steps to reduce the number of people in jail, hoping that this would reduce the risk of COVID-19 infections spreading through the jails.[117][118] Some inmates developed COVID-19.[118] Other measures undertaken included in-cell meals, preventing visitors, and suspension of activity programs.[119]
In the state prisons, factories continued operations even after COVID-19 outbreaks happened in the prisons.[120] Rehab programs, religious services, and educational classes were all stopped, but the prison factories continued operating, where inmates worked for hours without wearing masks.[120]
Effects on religion
Various faith organizations claim that social distancing orders issued by the state violated the constitutional right to freedom of religion and assembly. Bans of all gatherings, no matter the size, outside of places of residences put in place by local authorities were also challenged.[121]
On March 13, the Catholic Diocese of San Jose in California closed all diocesan schools from until at least April 20. It suspended public Masses and dispensed with the obligation to attend Mass from March 14 until further notice.[122] On March 18, the California Catholic Conference of bishops followed suit, suspending the public celebration of Mass throughout the state until further notice.[123] Many churches are conducting services online during the time of closure.Шаблон:Citation needed
The United States Supreme Court denied to grant an emergency injunction on Newsom's May orders limiting churches to 25% capacity or 100 persons maximum ahead of the Pentecost on May 31.[124]
In two ongoing cases, the Supreme Court granted two orders on February 5, 2021, that enjoined the state from banning religious services in the Tier 1 areas, though agreed that the state may limit capacity to 25% of the church and can ban singing and chanting under the pandemic conditions. The orders found that California may have reason to restrict capacity, but they cannot restrict that capacity to zero, and that California has shown unequal treatment of religious groups compared to other industries, particularly Hollywood.[125]
Effects on sports
The first U.S. sports cancellations attributed to the pandemic occurred in California; in accordance with a local health emergency in Riverside County, the 2020 BNP Paribas Open tennis tournaments at Indian Wells were postponed on March 8, 2020.[126][127] The 2021 edition of the tournament was also postponed indefinitely[128] and eventually took place on October 6–17, 2021.[129]
After Santa Clara County banned all large gatherings larger than 1,000 people for a three-week period beginning March 11, the San Jose Sharks of the NHL and the Golden State Warriors of the NBA announced that all of their remaining home games of the regular season would be played behind closed doors with no spectators. With their game on March 12 against the Brooklyn Nets, the Warriors were to be the first professional sports team in the United States to play a home game behind closed doors due to the pandemic.[130][131][132] However, on March 11, after Utah Jazz players tested positive for COVID-19, the NBA suspended its regular season, and almost all other professional sports leagues and college athletics programs followed suit over the days that followed.[133]
On March 16, the CCCAA also canceled the remainder of the winter seasons as well as the spring seasons. They also restored a season of eligibility to those athletes who had already participated in the early season of spring sports.[134] The NAIA canceled their spring season on the same day.[135] Also on March 16, the Ojai Tennis Tournament, the oldest and largest amateur tennis tournament in the United States, canceled its 2020 event;[136] the 2021 edition was later nixed as well.[137]
At the high school level, the California Interscholastic Federation (CIF) canceled the basketball state championship tournament after the Northern California and Southern California semifinals. During the tournament, Sheldon, Archbishop Riordan, and the Menlo School withdrew from the tournament after their schools were shut down. The CIF gave their reevaluation of the situation on April 3 and cancelled all spring sports.[138][139]
In motorsports, the NASCAR Cup Series canceled the 2020 Toyota/Save Mart 350 in Sonoma, as Sonoma County would not allow sporting events and any other mass gathering to occur at that time.[140] The IndyCar Series was required to cancel the 2020 Grand Prix of Long Beach,[141] and the Monterey Grand Prix (which had initially been rescheduled as a twin race weekend to make up for other cancelled races).[142] In December 2020, it was announced that NASCAR's 2021 race weekend (including the Cup Series Auto Club 400) at Auto Club Speedway in Fontana would be canceled (with the race weekend moved to Daytona International Speedway's road course). Accordingly, a planned reconstruction of the track was also postponed to 2022 [143] It was also announced that the 2021 IndyCar Series schedule would be modified to move the Grand Prix of Long Beach from April to September as the season finale, with organizers stating that this would "afford us the best opportunity to provide our guests with a fun and exciting experience in a safe and unrestricted environment."[144]
The Pac-12 Conference (which includes several universities in California) delayed its college football season to November, and all games were closed to the public.[145] On December 19, 2020, it was announced that the 2021 Rose Bowl (a College Football Playoff semi-final game) would be re-located from Pasadena to AT&T Stadium in Arlington, Texas due to the current surge in local cases, and inability to invite the families of players as spectators. It was the first time since 1942 (due to wartime restrictions on public gatherings on the west coast following the Pearl Harbor attack) that the Rose Bowl was not held in Pasadena.[146][147]
Effects on the economy
Шаблон:Main articles Шаблон:As of, over the preceding three weeks, California had processed over 2.4 million applications for unemployment assistance.[148] A survey conducted April 17 found that fewer than half of the residents of Los Angeles County were employed, although some of this unemployment was supposed to be temporary.[149]
In January 2020, California expected a $5.6 billion surplus in the state budget by the time the fiscal year ended on June 30.[150] In May, however, the Department of Finance changed its projection, saying that the state would instead have a deficit of $54.3 billion. Some of this shortfall was caused by expenses for COVID-19 response (an unanticipated $7.1 billion for health programs and an additional $6 billion for other types of responses), but most was caused by the expectation that tax revenue—personal income, corporate, and sales—will be one-quarter lower than originally projected.[151][152] However, in January 2021, California revised its earlier estimate and instead expected a $15 billion one-time budget surplus, largely due to increased tax revenues from wealthy residents who were doing better than expected.[153] In May 2021, Governor Newsom announced that the state's budget surplus had grown to $75.7 billion.[154]
Effects on migration and California's population
From 2020 to 2022 California’s population declined from 39,501,653 to 39,029,342, a net loss of roughly 500,000 people.[155] The majority of the population decline is due to Californians moving to other states.[156] High cost of living and housing prices create a significant challenge for Californians and are a major reason for people leaving.[156] Since the pandemic began, the rate of population loss in California due to migration within the United States had doubled.[157]
As for the impact of COVID-19 on California's population decline, in a survey conducted of people moving during the pandemic, a significant portion of people reported the pandemic factoring into their decision to relocate.[158] The highest number of people moving due in part to COVID-19 occurred in November 2020, with roughly 20% of movers reporting the pandemic to be a factor in their decision.[158]
The three main pandemic-related reasons for moving were to be closer to family, ability to work from home, and job loss.[158] The first two reasons are a result of the shift to online work; people were able to move closer to their families or move to more affordable, attractive cities as they were no longer tied to a certain city where they worked in person.[158] The last reason is a result of people moving to states where they could resume working as California's COVID-19 policy did not allow their job to continue.[158] Local restrictions and spread of the COVID-19 were not often cited reasons for moving in the survey.[158]
Vaccination
| Group | Eligibility date |
|---|---|
| Healthcare workers and long-term care residents | Шаблон:Dts |
| All residents age 65+ | Шаблон:Dts |
| Workers at high risk of workplace exposure | Шаблон:Dts |
| Residents age 16–64 with underlying conditions | Шаблон:Dts |
| All residents age 50–64[159] | Шаблон:Dts |
| All residents age 16–49[159] | Шаблон:Dts |
| All residents age 12–15[160] | Шаблон:Dts |
| All residents age 5–11 | Шаблон:Dts |
| All residents age 6 months - 4 years |
On November 13, 2021, California expanded booster dose availability to all adults, against the recommendations of federal officials.[161]
Challenges and overall progress
Following administration of the first vaccinations on December 14, 2020,[162] the rollout of COVID-19 vaccinations in California proceeded slowly. The effort was hampered by a variety of factors, including vaccine supply shortages, poor communication between federal and state authorities, and shortages in both the supply of vaccines as well as persons to administer them.[163] The problems were exacerbated by the state's large, decentralized structure, which resulted in a delegation of the response to 61 local health departments and resulted in a piecemeal effort with widespread regional disparities.[164] The rollout was initially slowed by restricting it to health care workers and nursing homes: Other groups were held back while the state worked to complete vaccination of the first groups.[163] Additional challenges included the state's large population, prioritization of the order in which groups were deemed eligible to receive the vaccine,[165] and appointment systems throughout the state that favored tech savvy persons with smart-phones.[166] Elderly populations in particular were disadvantaged by the vaccination rollout, experiencing long lines, lack of seating, lack of restroom facilities and in some cases requiring QR codes on cell phones or printed paper to prove eligibility.[167] Minority residents of the state were in addition found to be receiving a smaller share of the vaccines in the initial months than their fraction of the population.[168] In order to address these discrepancies, the governor announced in early March 2021 that the state would be setting aside 40% of its COVID-19 vaccine doses for the hardest-hit communities and establish a "vaccine equity metric".[169]
Шаблон:As of, California has administered 54,681,532 COVID-19 vaccine doses at a daily rate of 158,924 doses. Overall, 74.8% of the population has received their first dose, 61.5% has been fully vaccinated, and 6.2% has received a booster dose. 85.3% of the state's supply has been used.[170][171][172] The state has administered the largest number of doses nationwide, and is 12th of 50 states in terms of per capita dose administration.[10][173] Mass vaccination sites in certain regions continued to experience severe shortages as of March 2021.[174]
Vaccination sites
In January 2021, when most of California was in phase 1A of vaccine distribution (medical personnel and nursing home residents only),[175] California had no central website about when and where vaccinations were happening, and it was among the worst at vaccine distribution efficiency in the U.S., with only 37 percent of its 4.4 million doses having been administered by January 20. Volunteers created Vaccinate CA, an information website to help people find appointments to .[176] This was eventually superseded by a website, called My Turn, created by the state.
Шаблон:As of, a website had been established by the state for scheduling and/or being notified of eligibility for COVID-19 vaccines,[177][178] and vaccination providers expanded throughout the state to include retail pharmacies, federal mass vaccination sites, and local health clinics.[179] Шаблон:As of, a state-government provided directory of vaccination sites had yet to be established, which has prompted the development of VaccinateCA, a crowdsourced volunteer website listing vaccination sites in the state in a dynamic manner as the number of sites and locations continuously vary.[180][181][182]
Digital vaccination cards
Шаблон:Advert The California Digital COVID-19 Vaccine Record[183] has the same information as a CDC vaccine card: name, birthdate, vaccination dates and vaccine type. It will also include a QR code that can be scanned by a SMART Health Card app for proof of vaccination as an official record of the state of California.[184] The SMART Health Card Verifier app is a free download for iOS[185] and Android[186] to scan and verify a vaccination record.[187][184]
"The Digital COVID-19 Vaccine Record is easy to use: a person enters their name, date of birth, and an email or mobile phone number associated with their vaccine record. After creating a 4-digit PIN, the user receives a link to their vaccine record that will open upon re-entry of the PIN. The record shows the same information as the paper CDC vaccine card: name, date of birth, date of vaccinations, and vaccine manufacturer. It also includes a QR code that makes these same details readable by a QR scanner."[188]
This uses the open-source[189] SMART Health Card framework.[190] Mitre Corporation co-leads the Vaccination Credential Initiative coalition. Brian Anderson is the Chief Digital Physician at Mitre Corporation and a co-founder of Vaccination Credential Initiative.[188] It is related to the CommonPass, an international standard designed by the World Economic Forum and The Commons Project.[191][192]
Endemic management
Шаблон:See also On February 17, 2022, Governor Gavin Newsom announced a formal shift toward endemic management of COVID-19 in California, saying "we are moving past the crisis phase into a phase where we will work to live with this virus".[193]
See also
- Travel restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic
- Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
- COVID-19 pandemic in the United States – for impact on the country
- COVID-19 pandemic – for worldwide impact
- COVID-19 vaccination in the United States
Notes
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
References
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||title=United States Coronavirus: 28,924,762 Cases and 515,846 Deaths - Worldometer|url=https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/country/us/#first-cases%7Caccess-date=2021-02-24%7Cwebsite=www.worldometers.info%7Clanguage=en}}
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 {{#invoke:cite news||last=Wheeler|first=Ian|date=February 4, 2020|title=Orange County coronavirus patient released, in good condition, health officials say|work=Orange County Register|url=https://www.ocregister.com/2020/02/04/risk-of-catching-coronavirus-in-so-cal-is-low-health-officials-say/%7Curl-status=live%7Caccess-date=February 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200205195530/https://www.ocregister.com/2020/02/04/risk-of-catching-coronavirus-in-so-cal-is-low-health-officials-say/%7Carchive-date=February 5, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||date=February 2, 2020|title=Ninth case of fast-moving coronavirus confirmed in U.S.|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-china-health-usa-california-idUKKBN1ZX01P%7Curl-status=live%7Carchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203011127/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-china-health-usa-california-idUKKBN1ZX01P%7Carchive-date=February 3, 2020|access-date=February 3, 2020|work=Reuters}}
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 {{#invoke:Cite web||date=2021-01-26|title=California Governor Gavin Newsom lifts virus stay-at-home orders|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/california-covid-stay-at-home-order-lifted/%7Curl-status=live%7Caccess-date=2021-02-24%7Cwebsite=CBS News|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126123803/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/california-covid-stay-at-home-order-lifted/ |archive-date=January 26, 2021 }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news ||last1=Money |first1=Luke |last2=Luna |first2=Taryn |title=California aims to fully reopen its economy June 15 |url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-04-06/california-aims-to-fully-reopen-the-economy-june-15 |access-date=6 April 2021}}
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокCDPHне указан текст - ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||title=Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the U.S.|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-updates/cases-in-us.html%7Curl-status=live%7Carchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302155159/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-updates/cases-in-us.html%7Carchive-date=March 2, 2020|access-date=September 28, 2020|publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|language=en-us}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||title=ArcGIS Dashboards|url=https://www.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6%7Curl-status=live%7Carchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521210545/https://www.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6%7Carchive-date=May 21, 2020|access-date=September 28, 2020|publisher=Johns Hopkins University}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||title=Coronavirus (COVID-19) U.S. Deaths|url=https://www.realclearpolitics.com/coronavirus/country/united-states/%7Caccess-date=September 28, 2020|publisher=RealClearPolitics}}
- ↑ 10,0 10,1 {{#invoke:cite news ||title=See How the Vaccine Rollout Is Going in Your State |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/us/covid-19-vaccine-doses.html |date=March 19, 2021}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite news ||last=Bowles |first=Nellie |date=2021-02-19 |title=Hurt by Lockdowns, California's Small Businesses Push to Recall Governor (Published 2021) |work=The New York Times |language=en |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/19/business/newsom-coronavirus-california.html |access-date=2023-08-05}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite news ||last=Hubler |first=Shawn |date=2021-09-15 |title=Newsom Survives California Recall Vote and Will Remain Governor (Published 2021) |work=The New York Times |language=en |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/14/us/newsom-governor-california-recall.html |access-date=2023-08-05}}
- ↑ 13,0 13,1 {{#invoke:cite web||url=https://outbreak.info/situation-reports?pango=B.1.427%7Ctitle=B.1.427 Lineage Report|first1=Alaa|last1=Abdel Latif|first2=Karthik|last2=Gangavarapu|first3=Emily|last3=Haag|first4=Nate|last4=Matteson|first5=Julia L.|last5=Mullen|first6=Ginger|last6=Tsueng|first7=Mark|last7=Zeller|first8=Chunlei|last8=Wu|first9=Andrew I.|last9=Su|first10=Laura D.|last10=Hughes|first11=Kristian G.|last11=Andersen|publisher=Center for Viral Systems Biology|website=outbreak.info|access-date=2 March 2021}}
- ↑ 14,0 14,1 {{#invoke:cite web||url=https://outbreak.info/situation-reports?pango=B.1.429%7Ctitle=B.1.429 Lineage Report|first1=Alaa|last1=Abdel Latif|first2=Karthik|last2=Gangavarapu|first3=Emily|last3=Haag|first4=Nate|last4=Matteson|first5=Julia L.|last5=Mullen|first6=Ginger|last6=Tsueng|first7=Mark|last7=Zeller|first8=Chunlei|last8=Wu|first9=Andrew I.|last9=Su|first10=Laura D.|last10=Hughes|first11=Kristian G.|last11=Andersen|publisher=Center for Viral Systems Biology|website=outbreak.info|access-date=2 March 2021}}
- ↑ 15,0 15,1 {{#invoke:cite news ||url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/health/article/First-known-U-S-coronavirus-death-occurred-on-15217316.php |date=April 22, 2020 |author1=Erin Allday |author2=Matt Kawahara |publisher=San Francisco Chronicle |title=First known U.S. coronavirus death occurred on Feb. 6 in Santa Clara County |access-date=May 14, 2020}}
- ↑ 16,0 16,1 {{#invoke:cite news ||title=Autopsy Reports Date First COVID-19 Bay Area Deaths to February |url=https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/south-bay/autopsies-date-first-covid-19-bay-area-deaths-to-february/2277106/ |access-date=April 22, 2020 |agency=NBC Bay Area |date=April 21, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||url=https://www.cnbc.com/2020/01/31/california-and-cdc-officials-confirm-7th-case-of-coronavirus-in-the-us.html%7Ctitle=CDC officials confirm 7th US case of coronavirus, in California man who traveled to China|last1=Lovelace| first1=Berkeley Jr. |last2=Feuer|first2=William|date=January 31, 2020|work=CNBC|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200201021201/https://www.cnbc.com/2020/01/31/california-and-cdc-officials-confirm-7th-case-of-coronavirus-in-the-us.html%7Carchive-date=February 1, 2020|access-date=January 31, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news ||last=Woolfolk |first=John |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/02/20/santa-clara-county-declares-first-coronavirus-case-fully-recovered/ |title=Santa Clara County declares its first coronavirus case fully recovered |date=February 20, 2020 |work=The Mercury News |access-date=February 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200221022130/https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/02/20/santa-clara-county-declares-first-coronavirus-case-fully-recovered/ |archive-date=February 21, 2020 |url-status=live}}
- ↑ 19,0 19,1 {{#invoke:cite web||date=February 6, 2020|access-date=February 15, 2020|title=Two more U.S. evacuation planes leave coronavirus epicenter Wuhan|last1=Beech|first1=Eric|last2=Gorman|first2=Steve|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-usa/two-planes-left-wuhan-china-en-route-to-us-state-department-idUSKBN20105M%7Curl-status=live%7Carchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216045906/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-usa/two-planes-left-wuhan-china-en-route-to-us-state-department-idUSKBN20105M%7Carchive-date=February 16, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||last1=Beech |first1=Eric |last2=Gorman |first2=Steve |date=February 6, 2020 |title=Two more U.S. evacuation planes leave coronavirus epicenter Wuhan |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-usa/two-planes-left-wuhan-china-en-route-to-us-state-department-idUSKBN20105M |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216045906/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-usa/two-planes-left-wuhan-china-en-route-to-us-state-department-idUSKBN20105M |archive-date=February 16, 2020 |access-date=February 15, 2020 |work=Reuters}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite news ||last=Diamond |first=Dan |title=U.S. handling of American evacuees from Wuhan increased coronavirus risks, watchdog finds |language=en-US |newspaper=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2021/01/28/wuhan-americans-evacuation/ |access-date=2021-02-25 |issn=0190-8286}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-china-health-usa-california-idUKKBN1ZX01P%7Ctitle=Ninth case of fast-moving coronavirus confirmed in U.S.|date=February 2, 2020|work=Reuters|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203011127/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-china-health-usa-california-idUKKBN1ZX01P%7Carchive-date=February 3, 2020|access-date=February 3, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||url=https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/NR20-003.aspx%7Ctitle=Six Confirmed Cases of Novel Coronavirus in California, CA DPH press release|access-date=February 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200205115454/https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/NR20-003.aspx%7Carchive-date=February 5, 2020|url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/05/us/coronavirus-flights-wuhan.html%7Ctitle=Hundreds of Americans Were Evacuated From the Coronavirus Epicenter. Now Comes the Wait.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200206130218/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/05/us/coronavirus-flights-wuhan.html%7Carchive-date=February 6, 2020|work=The New York Times|date=February 5, 2020|url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||author1=Alexandra Yoon-Hendricks |author2=Cathie Anderson |author3=Ryan Sabalow |author4=Darrell Smith |author5=Jason Pohl |author6=Michael McGough |date=March 4, 2020 |title=First California death from coronavirus: Placer County patient dies |url=https://www.sacbee.com/news/local/health-and-medicine/article240888821.html |website=The Sacramento Bee}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-51514102%7Ctitle=Coronavirus: US to evacuate citizens from Diamond Princess|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216050642/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-51514102 |archive-date=February 16, 2020|work=BBC News|date=February 15, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-japan-cruiseship-usa/u-s-state-dept-says-fourteen-test-positive-for-coronavirus-from-cruise-ship-in-japan-idUSKBN20B0U9%7Ctitle=U.S. flies 338 Americans home from cruise ship, including 14 with coronavirus|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200217112803/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-japan-cruiseship-usa/u-s-state-dept-says-fourteen-test-positive-for-coronavirus-from-cruise-ship-in-japan-idUSKBN20B0U9 |archive-date=February 17, 2020|publisher=Reuters|date=February 17, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||url=https://edition.cnn.com/2020/02/17/health/evacuated-passengers-test-positive-coronavirus/index.html%7Ctitle=13 Americans moved to Omaha facility from evacuation flights, US officials say|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218210337/https://edition.cnn.com/2020/02/17/health/evacuated-passengers-test-positive-coronavirus/index.html%7Carchive-date=February 18, 2020|publisher=CNN|date=February 18, 2020|url-status=live|first1=Daniel|last1=Allman|first2=Hollie|last2=Silverman|first3=Konstantin|last3=Toropin}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||url=https://abc7.com/health/coronavirus-new-case-confirmed-in-northern-california-origin-unknown/5970072%7Ctitle=Coronavirus: New case confirmed in Northern California, origin unknown|date=February 26, 2020|website=ABC 7|language=en|access-date=February 26, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||date=February 26, 2020|access-date=February 26, 2020|title=First U.S. coronavirus case of unknown origin confirmed in Northern California, CDC says|last1=Smith|first1=Darrell|last2=Anderson|first2=Cathie|work=The Sacramento Bee|url=https://www.sacbee.com/news/local/health-and-medicine/article240674471.html}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||title=Newly diagnosed coronavirus patient being treated at UC Davis Medical Center|url=https://www.davisenterprise.com/local-news/newly-diagnosed-coronavirus-patient-being-treated-at-uc-davis-medical-center/%7Clast=Ternus-Bellamy%7Cfirst=Anne%7Cdate=February 26, 2020|website=Davis Enterprise|language=en|access-date=February 26, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||url=https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/NR20-006.aspx%7Cpublisher=California Department of Public Health|title=CDC Confirms Possible First Instance of COVID-19 Community Transmission in California|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200228203724/https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/NR20-006.aspx%7Carchive-date=February 28, 2020|date=February 26, 2020|url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news ||last1=Moon |first1=Sarah |last2=Yan |first2=Holly |last3=Christensen |first3=Jen |last4=Maxouris |first4=Christina |title=After CDC confirms the first US coronavirus case of 'unknown' origin, it sends out new testing guidelines |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2020/02/27/health/us-cases-coronavirus-community-transmission/index.html |access-date=February 28, 2020 |work=CNN Health |agency=CNN |issue=online |publisher=CNN |date=February 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200228020534/https://edition.cnn.com/2020/02/27/health/us-cases-coronavirus-community-transmission/index.html |archive-date=February 28, 2020 |url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-03-04/los-angeles-county-declares-coronavirus-emergency-6-new-cases%7Ctitle=Grand Princess cruise ship at center of coronavirus fight amid concerns about spread|date=March 4, 2020|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|access-date=March 12, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200309091332/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-03-04/los-angeles-county-declares-coronavirus-emergency-6-new-cases%7Carchive-date=March 9, 2020|url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||url= https://ktla.com/news/coronavirus/lancaster-juvenile-may-be-1st-minor-to-die-from-covid-19-in-u-s/ |title= Lancaster juvenile may be 1st minor to die from COVID-19 in U.S. |author= |date= March 24, 2020 |website= KTLA |access-date= March 25, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200325082953/https://ktla.com/news/coronavirus/lancaster-juvenile-may-be-1st-minor-to-die-from-covid-19-in-u-s/ |archive-date= March 25, 2020 |url-status= live }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/coronavirus-teenager-death-california-health-insurance-care-emergency-room-covid-19-a9429946.html%7Ctitle=Coronavirus: Teenage boy whose death was linked to COVID-19 turned away from urgent care for not having insurance|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327205806/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/coronavirus-teenager-death-california-health-insurance-care-emergency-room-covid-19-a9429946.html%7Carchive-date=March 27, 2020|first=Chris|last=Riotta|work=The Independent|access-date=March 27, 2020|date=March 27, 2020|url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite magazine ||url= https://time.com/5813731/teen-denied-insurance-coronavirus/ |title= You Probably Read About an Uninsured Teen Who Died of COVID-19. The Truth Is More Complicated |first=Abigail|last=Abrams |date= April 2, 2020 |magazine= Time |access-date= April 17, 2020 |quote= "Though early tests indicated a positive result for COVID-19, the case is complex and there may be an alternate explanation for this fatality," the Los Angeles County Public Health Department said on March 24. "Patient privacy prevents our offering further details at this time." |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200402172304/https://time.com/5813731/teen-denied-insurance-coronavirus/ |archive-date= April 2, 2020 |url-status= live }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite news||title=California Gov. Newsom Makes Face Masks Mandatory Amid Rising Coronavirus Cases|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/06/18/880583357/california-gov-newsom-makes-face-masks-mandatory-amid-rising-coronavirus-cases%7Caccess-date=2020-10-16%7Cnewspaper=NPR%7Cdate=June 18, 2020|language=en|last1=Romo|first1=Vanessa}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||last=Tapp|first=Tom|date=July 9, 2020|title=California Coronavirus Update: Governor Gavin Newsom Reports Record Number Of COVID-Related Deaths In State|url=https://deadline.com/2020/07/california-coronavirus-update-governor-gavin-newsom-reports-record-number-of-covid-related-deaths-in-state-1202981847/%7Cwork=Deadline%7Caccess-date=July 11, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news ||url=https://www.france24.com/en/20200722-california-overtakes-new-york-for-most-confirmed-covid-19-cases-in-us |title=California overtakes New York for most confirmed Covid-19 cases in US |publisher=France 24 |date=July 22, 2020 |access-date=July 22, 2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200824070539/https://www.france24.com/en/20200722-california-overtakes-new-york-for-most-confirmed-covid-19-cases-in-us |archive-date=August 24, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||last1=Yamamura|first1=Kevin|last2=Colliver|first2=Victoria|title=Newsom indicates California health officer's abrupt departure related to test data problem|url=https://politi.co/2CjIxzU%7Caccess-date=2020-08-10%7Cwebsite=Politico PRO|date=August 10, 2020 |language=en}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite news ||last1=Ronayne |first1=Kathleen |last2=Melley |first2=Brian |date=August 8, 2020|title=Governor gives few details on top California official's exit|url=https://www.ksl.com/article/50004560/governor-gives-few-details-on-top-california-officials-exit%7Caccess-date=March 11, 2021|work=KSL|language=en-US}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||last=Elam|first=Stephanie|date=2020-09-03|title=Why Latinos in California are being hit hard by Covid-19|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/03/us/california-latinos-jenny-ruelas-covid-19/index.html%7Caccess-date=2020-09-04%7Cwebsite=CNN}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/largest-share-migrant-nurses-entire-u-s-filipino-community-hit-n1237327%7Cwork=NBC News|title=With largest share of migrant nurses, entire U.S. Filipino community hit hard by COVID-19|first=Agnes|last=Constante|date=August 27, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||title=San Francisco and Oakland phase out Verily COVID-19 testing sites|url=https://www.theverge.com/2020/10/26/21534517/california-verily-testing-google-covid-inequity%7Caccess-date=26 October 2020|website=The Verge|date=October 26, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||url=https://abcnews.go.com/Health/wireStory/virus-surge-swamping-hospitals-prompts-indefinite-lockdown-74963434%7Ctitle=Los Angeles County surpasses 10,000 deaths from coronavirus|work=ABC News|last=Thompson|first=Don|date=December 30, 2020|access-date=December 30, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/06/health/coronavirus-variant-us-cdc-cases/index.html%7Ctitle=CDC has found more than 50 US cases of coronavirus variant first identified in UK|publisher=CNN|last=Nedelman|first=Michael|date=January 6, 2021|access-date=January 7, 2021}}
- ↑ B.1.1.7 Lineage Report. Alaa Abdel Latif, Karthik Gangavarapu, Emily Haag, Nate Matteson, Julia L. Mullen, Ginger Tsueng, Mark Zeller, Chunlei Wu, Andrew I. Su, Laura D. Hughes, Kristian G. Andersen, and the Center for Viral Systems Biology. outbreak.info, (available at https://outbreak.info/situation-reports?pango=B.1.1.7 ). Accessed 2 March 2021.
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||date=March 27, 2020|title=California once had mobile hospitals and a ventilator stockpile. But it dismantled them|url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-03-27/coronavirus-california-mobile-hospitals-ventilators%7Curl-status=live%7Carchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200328184518/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-03-27/coronavirus-california-mobile-hospitals-ventilators%7Carchive-date=March 28, 2020|access-date=March 28, 2020|website=Los Angeles Times}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||title=$400 million boost for hospitals set|work=Daily News|date=June 24, 2006}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||title=Calif. halted reserve of ventilators, masks, mobile hospitals|work=Reveal}}
- ↑ 52,0 52,1 {{#invoke:cite news||url=https://www.kqed.org/science/1966319/getting-critical-covid-19-protective-equipment-has-been-a-mess-in-the-bay-area-heres-why%7Ctitle=Getting Critical COVID-19 Protective Equipment in the Bay Area Has Been a Mess. Here's Why|publisher=KQED|access-date=July 17, 2020|date=June 25, 2020|first1=Molly|last1=Peterson|first2=Kevin|last2=Stark|first3=Lisa|last3=Pickoff-White}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||last1=Arcuni|first1=Peter|last2=Stryker|first2=Polly|date=March 19, 2020|title=California Gov. Gavin Newsom Issues Statewide Shelter-in-Place Order|publisher=KQED|url=https://www.kqed.org/science/1959566/california-gov-gavin-newsom-orders-state-to-shelter-in-place%7Caccess-date=October 8, 2020}}
- ↑ 54,0 54,1 54,2 {{#invoke:cite news||title=Newsom announces contract for 400 million more masks amid new concerns about California's hospital capacity|work=The Mercury News|date=July 22, 2020|url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/07/22/california-to-purchase-another-120-million-n95-masks/%7Caccess-date=October 8, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||last=Ronayne|first=Kathleen|date=July 23, 2020|title=California buys more masks, but some workers still lack|work=AP News|url=https://apnews.com/article/05e1e4bf47a0adc2d3612be9df274fbd%7Caccess-date=October 8, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||title=Newsom and hospitals at odds over mask supply|work=CalMatters|date=July 23, 2020|url=https://calmatters.org/health/2020/07/newsom-hospital-mask-supply/%7Caccess-date=October 8, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||last1=Dunn|first1=Lauren|last2=Fitzpatrick|first2=Sarah|date=June 12, 2020|title=Few N95 masks, reused gowns: Dire PPE shortages reveal COVID-19's racial divide|work=NBC News|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-care/few-n95-masks-reused-gowns-dire-ppe-shortages-reveal-covid-n1229546%7Caccess-date=October 8, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||last=Rodriguez|first=Joe Fitzgerald|date=May 4, 2020|title=California Hospitals Begin Sterilizing Previously Worn N95 Masks for Reuse, but Nurses Call Them Unsafe|publisher=KQED|url=https://www.kqed.org/news/11816014/california-hospitals-begin-sterilizing-previously-worn-n95-masks-for-reuse-but-nurses-call-them-unsafe%7Caccess-date=October 8, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||last1=Jewett|first1=Shefali|last2=Luthra|first2=Christina|date=April 28, 2020|title=Widely Used Surgical Masks Are Putting Health Care Workers At Serious Risk|work=Kaiser Health News|url=https://khn.org/news/widely-used-surgical-masks-are-putting-health-care-workers-at-serious-risk/%7Caccess-date=October 8, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||last=Karlamangla|first=Soumya|date=March 26, 2020|title=There are no masks left in L.A. County's emergency stockpile|work=Los Angeles Times|url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-03-25/coronavirus-healthcare-workers-masks-gowns-reuse%7Caccess-date=October 8, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||title=Bay Area health care workers dealing with coronavirus short of crucial face masks|work=The San Francisco Chronicle|date=March 20, 2020|url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/health/article/Bay-Area-health-care-workers-dealing-with-15144086.php%7Caccess-date=October 8, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||title=State Officials Announce Latest COVID-19 Facts|publisher=California Department of Public Health|date=July 31, 2020|url=https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/NR20-179.aspx%7Caccess-date=October 8, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||last1=Wood|first1=Luke|last2=Broadwater|first2=Pamela|date=May 6, 2020|title=Feds investigating Blue Flame Medical, politically connected company Maryland says failed to supply PPE during pandemic|work=The Baltimore Sun|url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/coronavirus/bs-md-blue-flame-investigation-20200506-5n4xhclngrcebee4oksetmg23i-story.html%7Caccess-date=October 8, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||last=Rosenhall|first=Laurel|date=May 6, 2020|title=Exclusive: California wires mask dealer half a billion dollars, then claws it back|work=CalMatters|url=https://calmatters.org/health/coronavirus/2020/05/california-mask-deal-blue-flame-collapsed-republican-vendor-maryland-porter-gula-thomas/%7Caccess-date=October 8, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite news||last1=Sabalow|first1=Ryan|last2=Pohl|first2=Jason|date=2020-06-06|title=California wanted to stockpile 10,000 ventilators for COVID-19. Most have yet to arrive|work=Sacramento Bee|url=https://www.sacbee.com/news/local/health-and-medicine/article243317896.html%7Caccess-date=July 24, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||title=Governor Newsom Announces Federal Health and Safety Certification of Life-Saving N95 Masks|work=California Governor|date=June 8, 2020|url=https://www.gov.ca.gov/2020/06/08/governor-newsom-announces-federal-health-and-safety-certification-of-life-saving-n95-masks/%7Caccess-date=October 8, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||title=California's hasty COVID-19 response leds to PPE marketplace issues, investigation shows|publisher=KCRW|date=June 17, 2020|url=https://www.kcrw.com/news/shows/press-play-with-madeleine-brand/hanging-deaths-california-republicans-regina-hall/california-ppe-marketplace-scams%7Caccess-date=October 8, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||last1=Pohl|first1=Jason|last2=Sabalow|first2=Ryan|date=June 15, 2020|title='My father has a factory.' How hucksters flooded Gov. Newsom's coronavirus marketplace|work=The Sacramento Bee|url=https://www.sacbee.com/news/coronavirus/article243491101.html%7Caccess-date=October 8, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||title=California's COVID-19 Medical Supplies Contributors|website=California Coronavirus COVID-19 Medical Supply|url=https://covid19supplies.ca.gov/%7Caccess-date=October 8, 2020}}
- ↑ 70,0 70,1 {{#invoke:Cite web||last=Plevin|first=Melissa Daniels and Rebecca|date=2020-03-21|title=Coronavirus: California leases 2 hospitals in preparation for potential virus surge|url=https://www.desertsun.com/story/news/2020/03/21/covid-19-california-spend-42-million-hospital-leases-supplies/2892529001/%7Caccess-date=2020-07-24%7Cwebsite=The Desert Sun|language=en-US}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||date=2020-04-06|title=Coronavirus: California donates hundreds of ventilators to national stockpile|url=https://www.mercurynews.com/coronavirus-california-donates-hundreds-of-ventilators-to-national-stockpile%7Caccess-date=2020-07-24%7Cwebsite=The Mercury News|language=en-US}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||last=Barclay|first=Eliza|date=2020-07-15|title=Hospitals are running out of staff, supplies, and beds for Covid-19 patients — and this time could be worse|url=https://www.vox.com/2020/7/15/21317776/covid-19-coronavirus-florida-arizona-texas-california-hospitals%7Caccess-date=2020-07-24%7Cwebsite=Vox%7Clanguage=en}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news ||url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2020/03/22/coronavirus-n-95-mask-shortage-us-fema-donald-trump/2895344001/ |title=How FEMA, businesses and Donald Trump are confronting the country's N95 mask shortage amid coronavirus pandemic |website=USA Today |date=March 22, 2020 |access-date=March 23, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200322231637/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2020/03/22/coronavirus-n-95-mask-shortage-us-fema-donald-trump/2895344001/ |archive-date=March 22, 2020 |url-status=live }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news ||url=https://abc7news.com/6040828 |title=Coronavirus Pandemic: Bay Area Hospitals In Need Of Supply Donations |website=abc7news.com |date=March 22, 2020 |access-date=March 23, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200323154710/https://abc7news.com/6040828/ |archive-date=March 23, 2020 |url-status=live }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news ||url=http://sonomacounty.ca.gov/CAO/Press-Releases/Personal-Protective-Equipment-Donations/ |title=FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: Santa Rosa, CA. March 22, 2020 at 5:00 PM. Personal Protective Equipment Donations Needed to Assist with Coronavirus Response |work=County of Sonoma Public Information Office |date=March 22, 2020 |access-date=March 23, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200323192014/http://sonomacounty.ca.gov/CAO/Press-Releases/Personal-Protective-Equipment-Donations/ |archive-date=March 23, 2020 |url-status=live }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||title=Sunnyvale company designing 3D protective masks to meet demand|url= https://www.ktvu.com/news/covid-19-sunnyvale-company-designing-3d-protective-masks-to-meet-demand |author=Jesse Gary|publisher=KTVU Fox News|date=March 23, 2020|access-date=March 26, 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200326192750/https://www.ktvu.com/news/covid-19-sunnyvale-company-designing-3d-protective-masks-to-meet-demand |archive-date=March 26, 2020|url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||url= https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/video/4495791-maker-community-uses-3-d-printer-to-supply-ppe-to-health-professionals/ |title=Maker Community Uses 3-D Printer to Supply PPE to Health Professionals|author=Don Ford|publisher=KPIX-TV CBS|date=March 27, 2020|access-date=March 27, 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200328031333/https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/video/4495791-maker-community-uses-3-d-printer-to-supply-ppe-to-health-professionals/ |archive-date=March 28, 2020|url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news| | last = DeRuy | first = Emily | date = April 1, 2020 | title = Coronavirus: Are 3D printers the Silicon Valley solution to shortage of hospital supplies? | url = https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/04/01/coronavirus-are-3d-printers-the-silicon-valley-solution-to-shortage-of-hospital-supplies/ | work = The Mercury News | location = San Jose, CA | access-date = April 1, 2020 }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news| |last = Bidar |first = Musadiq |date = April 1, 2020 |title = 3D-printing facility in California stepping in to help with face shields in fight against coronavirus |url = https://www.cbsnews.com/news/3d-printing-facility-helping-produce-face-shields-in-fight-against-coronavirus/ |work = CBS News |location = San Jose, CA |access-date = April 2, 2020 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200402030358/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/3d-printing-facility-helping-produce-face-shields-in-fight-against-coronavirus/ |archive-date = April 2, 2020 |url-status = live }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news| |last = Frandino |first = Nathan |date = April 3, 2020 |title = 3D printers forge face shields for fight against the coronavirus |url = https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-3d-printing-volunt/3d-printers-forge-face-shields-for-fight-against-the-coronavirus-idUSKBN21L1EU |work = Reuters |location = San Jose, CA |access-date = April 4, 2020 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200403221359/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-3d-printing-volunt/3d-printers-forge-face-shields-for-fight-against-the-coronavirus-idUSKBN21L1EU |archive-date = April 3, 2020 |url-status = live }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||title=Helping With COVID-19 Crisis|url=https://www.makernexus.com/covid1 |publisher=Maker Nexus|access-date=March 26, 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200327040746/https://www.makernexus.com/covid1 |archive-date=March 27, 2020|url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||url=https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/ |title=COVID-19 CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC |website=www.worldometers.info}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||url=https://www.sfdph.org/dph/alerts/coronavirus.asp%7Ctitle=Department of Public Health – Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)|website=www.sfdph.org|access-date=March 14, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200305010308/https://www.sfdph.org/dph/alerts/coronavirus.asp%7Carchive-date=March 5, 2020|url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web || url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/covid19/excess_deaths.htm | title=Excess Deaths Associated with COVID-19 | date=June 21, 2023 }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||last1=Johnson |first1=Sydney |title=Thousands of California students still without laptops and Wi-Fi for distance learning |url=https://edsource.org/2020/thousands-of-california-students-still-without-laptops-and-wi-fi-for-distance-learning/628395 |website=EdSource |access-date=April 8, 2020 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200410221936/https://edsource.org/2020/thousands-of-california-students-still-without-laptops-and-wi-fi-for-distance-learning/628395 |archive-date=April 10, 2020 |url-status=live }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||title=For students at a lone school in California, class is still on|url=https://www.boston.com/news/education/2020/04/10/for-students-at-a-lone-school-in-california-class-is-still-on%7Cwebsite=Boston%7Cdate=April 10, 2020|access-date=April 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200414073800/https://www.boston.com/news/education/2020/04/10/for-students-at-a-lone-school-in-california-class-is-still-on%7Carchive-date=April 14, 2020|url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||title=This California public school might be the last in the state to close amid coronavirus|url=https://www.fresnobee.com/news/coronavirus/article242391636.html}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||title=New COVID-19 Guidance for K-12 Schools |url=https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/hn/guidance.asp |website=www.cde.ca.gov |publisher=Health Services & School Nursing (CA Dept of Education) |access-date=April 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407024541/https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/hn/guidance.asp |archive-date=April 7, 2020 |url-status=live }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||title=Distance Learning |url=https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/hn/distancelearning.asp |website=www.cde.ca.gov |publisher=Health Services & School Nursing (CA Dept of Education) |access-date=April 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407122647/https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/hn/distancelearning.asp |archive-date=April 7, 2020 |url-status=live }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||title=Resources that Support Distance Learning |url=https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/hn/appendix1.asp |website=www.cde.ca.gov |publisher=Health Services & School Nursing (CA Dept of Education) |access-date=April 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200408012137/https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/hn/appendix1.asp |archive-date=April 8, 2020 |url-status=live }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||title=Lessons from the Field: Remote Learning Guidance |url=https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/hn/appendix2.asp |website=www.cde.ca.gov |publisher=Health Services & School Nursing (CA Dept of Education) |access-date=April 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200409073712/https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/hn/appendix2.asp |archive-date=April 9, 2020 |url-status=live }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||title=Appendix 3: Designing a High-Quality Online Course |url=https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/hn/appendix3.asp |website=www.cde.ca.gov |publisher=Health Services & School Nursing (CA Dept of Education) |access-date=April 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200420204749/https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/hn/appendix3.asp |archive-date=April 20, 2020 |url-status=live }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||title=FAQs on Grading and Graduation Requirements |url=https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/hn/gradegraduationfaq.asp |website=www.cde.ca.gov |publisher=Health Services & School Nursing (CA Dept of Education) |access-date=April 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200408060059/https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/hn/gradegraduationfaq.asp |archive-date=April 8, 2020 |url-status=live }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||title=Getting Internet Access: Available Plans |url=https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/hn/availableinternetplans.asp |website=www.cde.ca.gov |publisher=Health Services & School Nursing (CA Dept of Education) |access-date=April 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200408073453/https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/hn/availableinternetplans.asp |archive-date=April 8, 2020 |url-status=live }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||title=School and Child and Adult Day Care Meals – Health Services & School Nursing (CA Dept of Education) |url=https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/hn/schoolmeals.asp |website=www.cde.ca.gov |publisher=CA Dept of Education |access-date=April 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200408023546/https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/hn/schoolmeals.asp |archive-date=April 8, 2020 |url-status=live }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||title=Special Education Guidance for COVID-19 – Health Services & School Nursing (CA Dept of Education) |url=https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/hn/specialedcovid19guidance.asp |website=www.cde.ca.gov |publisher=CA Dept of Education |access-date=April 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200405045558/https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/hn/specialedcovid19guidance.asp |archive-date=April 5, 2020 |url-status=live }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||title=Weekly COVID-19 Update: Friday, July 24, 2020 - Health Services & School Nursing (CA Dept of Education)|url=https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/hn/covidupdate0724.asp%7Caccess-date=2020-07-31%7Cwebsite=www.cde.ca.gov%7Carchive-date=August 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803040627/https://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/he/hn/covidupdate0724.asp%7Curl-status=dead}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite news||last=Zinshteyn|first=Mikhail|date=2020-05-18|title=California community college chancellor endorses going online-only this fall|work=Cal Matters|url=https://calmatters.org/education/higher-education/2020/05/california-community-college-online-fall-2020/%7Caccess-date=2020-06-10}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||title=California State University Campuses to Accelerate Transition to Virtual Instruction |url=https://www2.calstate.edu/csu-system/news/Pages/California-State-University-Campuses-to-Accelerate-Transition-to-Virtual-Instruction.aspx |website=www2.calstate.edu |publisher=CSU |access-date=April 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200403205451/https://www2.calstate.edu/csu-system/news/Pages/California-State-University-Campuses-to-Accelerate-Transition-to-Virtual-Instruction.aspx |archive-date=April 3, 2020 |url-status=live }}
- ↑ 102,0 102,1 {{#invoke:Cite news||last=Agrawal|first=Nina|date=2020-05-12|title=CSU plans to cancel most in-person classes and go online this fall, chancellor says|work=Los Angeles Times|url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-05-12/coronavirus-reopening-csu-fall-online-classes%7Caccess-date=2020-06-03}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||author1=UC Office of the President |title=President Napolitano and the 10 UC chancellors provide assurances to UC employees during these unprecedented times |url=https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/press-room/letter-uc-president-janet-napolitano-and-10-uc-chancellors-uc-community |website=University of California |access-date=April 8, 2020 |language=en |date=April 2, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200406214306/https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/press-room/letter-uc-president-janet-napolitano-and-10-uc-chancellors-uc-community |archive-date=April 6, 2020 |url-status=live }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||author1=U. C. Health |title=University of California Health Data Initiative Launches Daily Updates on COVID-19 Tests |url=https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/press-room/university-california-health-data-initiative-launches-daily-updates-covid-19-tests |website=University of California |access-date=April 8, 2020 |language=en |date=April 6, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200409161913/https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/press-room/university-california-health-data-initiative-launches-daily-updates-covid-19-tests |archive-date=April 9, 2020 |url-status=live }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||author1=U. C. Newsroom |title=UC launches grant program to spur urgently needed COVID-19 research |url=https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/uc-launches-grant-program-spur-urgently-needed-covid-19-research |website=University of California |access-date=April 8, 2020 |language=en |date=April 6, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200410011533/https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/uc-launches-grant-program-spur-urgently-needed-covid-19-research |archive-date=April 10, 2020 |url-status=live }}
- ↑ 116,0 116,1 {{#invoke:Cite news||last=Wilner|first=Jon|date=2020-05-20|title=Coronavirus: University of California campuses will open in the fall, Napolitano says|work=Mercury News|url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/05/20/coronavirus-university-of-california-campuses-will-open-in-the-fall-napolitano-says/%7Caccess-date=2020-06-10}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||first1=Marua|last1=Dolan|first2=Alene|last2=Tchekmedyian|first3=Piage|last3=St. John|url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-03-20/california-releases-more-jail-inmates-amid-coronavirus-crisis%7Ctitle=California releases more jail inmates amid coronavirus crisis|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200321180117/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-03-20/california-releases-more-jail-inmates-amid-coronavirus-crisis%7Carchive-date=March 21, 2020|work=Los Angeles Times|date=March 20, 2020}}
- ↑ 118,0 118,1 {{#invoke:Citation/CS2||title=Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on prisons|date=2020-05-16|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_prisons&oldid=956921442%7Cwork=Wikipedia%7Clanguage=en%7Caccess-date=2020-05-16}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||first1=Teri|last1=Figueroa|first2=Karen|last2=Kucher|url=https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/public-safety/story/2020-03-16/jails-to-release-some-inmates-adjust-booking-criteria-amid-coronavirus-concerns%7Ctitle=Jails to release some inmates, adjust booking criteria amid coronavirus concerns|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200321180117/https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/public-safety/story/2020-03-16/jails-to-release-some-inmates-adjust-booking-criteria-amid-coronavirus-concerns%7Carchive-date=March 21, 2020|work=The San Diego Union-Tribune|date=March 16, 2020}}
- ↑ 120,0 120,1 {{#invoke:cite web||url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-10-11/california-prison-factories-inmates-covid-19 |title= California kept prison factories open. Inmates worked for pennies an hour as COVID-19 spread |access-date= 11 October 2020 |website= Los Angeles Times|date= October 11, 2020 }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite news||url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-04-17/la-me-coronavirus-faith-leaders-ventura-county%7Ctitle=Ventura County faith leaders demand officials allow socially distant gatherings amid coronavirus shutdown|last=Parvini|first=Sarah|date=April 17, 2020|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|url-status=live|access-date=April 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200419215102/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-04-17/la-me-coronavirus-faith-leaders-ventura-county%7Carchive-date=April 19, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||title=Coronavirus (COVID-19)|publisher=Roman Catholic Diocese of San Jose in California|date=March 13, 2020|access-date=March 22, 2020|url=https://www.dsj.org/coronavirus/%7Carchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200322114827/https://www.dsj.org/coronavirus/%7Carchive-date=March 22, 2020|url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite press release||title=Public Celebration of Mass Suspended throughout California|publisher=California Catholic Conference|date=March 18, 2020|access-date=March 22, 2020|url=https://www.cacatholic.org/mass-suspension%7Carchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200322134400/https://www.cacatholic.org/mass-suspension%7Carchive-date=March 22, 2020|url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web || url = https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/30/politics/supreme-court-california-church-coronavirus/index.html | title = Supreme Court rejects request from California church to block restrictions on in-person services | first = Ariana | last= de Vogue | date=May 30, 2020 | access-date=May 30, 2020 | work = CNN}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news || url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/courts_law/supreme-court-california-covid-restrictions/2021/02/06/68aea492-687f-11eb-8468-21bc48f07fe5_story.html | title = Supreme Court says California worship restrictions violate religious rights | first = Robert | last = Barnes | date = February 5, 2021 | access-date = February 6, 2021 | newspaper = The Washington Post }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite news||last1=Rothenberg|first1=Ben|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/08/sports/coronavirus-indian-wells-canceled.html%7Ctitle=Indian Wells Tennis Tournament Canceled Because of Coronavirus Outbreak|date=March 8, 2020|work=The New York Times|access-date=April 7, 2020|last2=Clarey|first2=Christopher|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200402130631/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/08/sports/coronavirus-indian-wells-canceled.html%7Carchive-date=April 2, 2020|url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/columnist/dan-wolken/2020/03/08/coronavirus-indian-wells-cancellation-potential-sports-turning-point/4997987002/%7Ctitle=Opinion: Indian Wells cancellation could be turning point for sports and coronavirus|last=Wolken|first=Dan|website=USA Today|language=en-US|access-date=April 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407220542/https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/columnist/dan-wolken/2020/03/08/coronavirus-indian-wells-cancellation-potential-sports-turning-point/4997987002/%7Carchive-date=April 7, 2020|url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||last=John|first=Andrew L.|title=BNP Paribas Open 2021 postponed: Organizers hope to hold event later in the year|url=https://www.desertsun.com/story/sports/tennis/bnp/2020/12/29/bnp-paribas-open-2021-canceled-amid-covid-pandemic-indian-wells/3852029001/%7Caccess-date=2021-03-06%7Cwebsite=The Desert Sun|language=en-US}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||url=https://www.desertsun.com/story/sports/tennis/bnp/2021/05/20/bnp-paribas-open-indian-wells-tournament-rescheduled-october/4110940001/%7Ctitle=BNP Paribas Open tennis tournament rescheduled for October 2021 at Indian Wells|work=The Desert Sun|date=May 20, 2021|access-date=August 17, 2021}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||url=https://www.latimes.com/sports/hockey/story/2020-03-11/san-jose-sharks-to-play-games-without-fans%7Ctitle=San Jose Sharks to play games without fans|date=March 12, 2020|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|access-date=April 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200402170747/https://www.latimes.com/sports/hockey/story/2020-03-11/san-jose-sharks-to-play-games-without-fans%7Carchive-date=April 2, 2020|url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/nba-suspends-season-coronavirus-outbreak-1283944%7Ctitle=NBA Suspends Season Amid Coronavirus Outbreak|website=The Hollywood Reporter|date=March 11, 2020|language=en|access-date=April 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407220541/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/nba-suspends-season-coronavirus-outbreak-1283944%7Carchive-date=April 7, 2020|url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||last1=Deb|first1=Sopan|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/11/sports/basketball/warriors-coronavirus-fans.html%7Ctitle=Sports Leagues Bar Fans and Cancel Games Amid Coronavirus Outbreak|date=March 11, 2020|work=The New York Times|access-date=April 7, 2020|last2=Cacciola|first2=Scott|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|last3=Stein|first3=Marc|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200408153456/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/11/sports/basketball/warriors-coronavirus-fans.html%7Carchive-date=April 8, 2020|url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite news||url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/ncaa-medical-chief-says-testing-shortage-threatens-march-madness-11584030721%7Ctitle=The Day Sports Shut Down|date=March 12, 2020|work=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=March 28, 2020|url-status=live|issn=0099-9660|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200328001510/https://www.wsj.com/articles/ncaa-medical-chief-says-testing-shortage-threatens-march-madness-11584030721%7Carchive-date=March 28, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite journal| |url=https://www.cccaasports.org/coronavirus/spring_sports_cancellation |title=CCCAA cancels spring sports, restores seasons of competition for student-athletes and announces recruiting ban |date=March 19, 2020 |website=CCCAA }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||url=https://www.naia.org/general/2019-20/releases/spring-sports-cancelled%7Ctitle=NAIA Cancels Spring 2020 Sports Season |date=March 16, 2020 |website=NAIA }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news ||url=https://www.vcstar.com/story/sports/2020/03/16/ojai-tennis-tournament-canceled-because-coronavirus/5060341002/ |last=Ledin |first=Loren |title=The Ojai Tennis Tournament, scheduled for April 22–26, canceled because of coronavirus |newspaper=Ventura County Star |publisher=Gannett Co., Inc. |date=March 16, 2020 |access-date=March 1, 2021 |url-access=limited }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news ||url=https://amp.vcstar.com/amp/4512225001 |title=The Ojai tennis tournament is canceled for the second straight year due to COVID-19 |newspaper=Ventura County Star |publisher=Gannett Co., Inc. |date=February 19, 2021 |access-date=March 1, 2021 |url-access=limited }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||url=https://cifstate.org/news/4.3.20_update_spring_sports%7Ctitle=CIF Statement Regarding 2020 Spring Sports – California Interscholastic Federation|website=cifstate.org}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||url=https://www.cifstate.org/landing/index%7Ctitle=California Interscholastic Federation|website=www.cifstate.org|access-date=March 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191217041511/https://cifstate.org/landing/index%7Carchive-date=December 17, 2019|url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||date=2020-05-08|title=NASCAR cancels Toyota/SaveMart 350 at Sonoma Raceway for 2020|url=https://www.sonomanews.com/article/sports/nascar-cancels-sonoma-raceway-event-for-2020-due-to-coronavirus-concerns/%7Caccess-date=2020-12-23%7Cwebsite=Sonoma Index-Tribune|language=en-US}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||date=2020-03-12|title=Long Beach GP cancelled due to city-wide coronavirus measures|url=https://racer.com/2020/03/12/long-beach-gp-cancelled-due-to-city-wide-coronavirus-measures/%7Caccess-date=2020-12-23%7Cwebsite=RACER%7Clanguage=en-US}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||date=2020-07-27|title=IndyCar canceled Portland Laguna Seca; adds Mid-Ohio Gateway Indy|url=https://motorsports.nbcsports.com/2020/07/27/indycar-cancels-portland-laguna-seca-mid-ohio-gateway-indy-road-course-doubleheaders-added/%7Caccess-date=2020-12-23%7Cwebsite=MotorSportsTalk | NBC Sports|language=en-US}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||date=2020-12-08|title=Auto Club races shifted to Daytona Road Course | NASCAR|url=https://www.nascar.com/news-media/2020/12/08/nascar-2021-schedule-auto-club-races-shifted-to-daytona-road-course/%7Caccess-date=2020-12-09%7Cwebsite=Official Site Of NASCAR|language=en-US}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||last=Brown|first=Nathan|title=IndyCar's Long Beach Grand Prix shifts to September as new season finale due to pandemic|url=https://www.indystar.com/story/sports/motor/2020/12/17/indycar-long-beach-shifts-september-season-finale-due-covid-19/3941507001/%7Caccess-date=2020-12-23%7Cwebsite=The Indianapolis Star|language=en-US}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||last=Bonagura|first=Kyle|date=October 14, 2020|title=Pac-12 to allow families at games where permitted by health officials|url=https://www.espn.com/college-football/story/_/id/30117656/pac-12-permit-families-games-where-permitted-health-officials%7Caccess-date=October 14, 2020|website=ESPN.com}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||date=2020-12-15|title=ESPN could play an influential role in keeping 2021 Rose Bowl game in Pasadena|url=https://www.latimes.com/sports/story/2020-12-15/rose-bowl-game-move-college-football-playoffs%7Caccess-date=2020-12-22%7Cwebsite=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||date=2020-12-19|title=College Football Playoff semifinal at Rose Bowl moves to Texas|url=https://www.latimes.com/sports/story/2020-12-19/rose-bowl-coronavirus-relocated-college-football-playoff%7Caccess-date=2020-12-20%7Cwebsite=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news ||title=Unemployment claims near 17 million in three weeks as coronavirus ravages economy |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/04/09/coronavirus-unemployment-claims-numbers-176794 |work=Politico |date=April 9, 2020 |access-date=April 14, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200414103632/https://www.politico.com/news/2020/04/09/coronavirus-unemployment-claims-numbers-176794 |archive-date=April 14, 2020 |url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-04-17/usc-coronavirus-survey%7Ctitle=Less than half of L.A. County residents still have jobs amid coronavirus crisis|last=Cosgrove|first=Jaclyn|date=April 17, 2020|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418025548/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-04-17/usc-coronavirus-survey%7Carchive-date=April 18, 2020|access-date=April 18, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite news||last1=Sheeler|first1=Andrew|last2=Ashton|first2=Adam|date=May 14, 2020|title='Lives and livelihoods' in California budget + Anti-vaccine meets MAGA + Recycling advocacy|work=Sacramento Bee|url=https://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article242716851.html%7Caccess-date=May 16, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||title=California Faces $54.3 Billion Deficit Due to COVID-19|url=https://www.kqed.org/news/11816775/state-facing-54-3-billion-deficit-due-to-covid-19%7Cwebsite=KQED%7Cdate=May 7, 2020 |language=en-us|access-date=2020-05-16}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web||title=California governor lays out deep budget cuts to close $54 billion deficit|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/14/politics/california-budget-deficit-federal-funds/index.html%7Clast=Luhby%7Cfirst=Tami%7Cdate=May 15, 2020|website=CNN|access-date=May 16, 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite news||last=Beam|first=Adam|date=January 7, 2021|title='California governor's budget booms despite pandemic problems|url=https://apnews.com/article/gavin-newsom-california-coronavirus-pandemic-8d01e88ceeb4b0bc6cb1fb0d6a8d72b7}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news ||last1=McGreevy |first1=Patrick |last2=Myers |first2=John |title=Newsom promises additional $600 stimulus checks and $5 billion toward rental assistance |url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-05-10/gavin-newsom-new-stimulus-checks-californians-rent-assistance |access-date=10 May 2021}}
- ↑ “California Population 1900-2022.” MacroTrends, https://www.macrotrends.net/states/california/population#:~:text=California%20-%20Historical%20Population%20Data%20%20%20,%20%200.00%25%20%2081%20more%20rows%20
- ↑ 156,0 156,1 Christopher, Ben. “California's Persistently Shrinking Population - and the Reasons Why.” CalMatters, 17 Feb. 2023, https://calmatters.org/newsletters/whatmatters/2023/02/california-population-exodus-housing/
- ↑ White, Evan, and Natalie Holmes. “Pandemic Patterns: California Is Seeing Fewer Entrances and More Exits (Corrected).” California Policy Lab, 7 July 2022, www.capolicylab.org/pandemic-patterns-california-is-seeing-fewer-entrances-and-more-exits-april-2022-update/.
- ↑ 158,0 158,1 158,2 158,3 158,4 158,5 Haslag, Peter H., and Daniel Weagley. “From L.A. to Boise: How Migration Has Changed during the COVID-19 Pandemic.” SSRN, 22 Mar. 2021, https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3808326 .
- ↑ 159,0 159,1 {{#invoke:cite news||url=https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/California-announces-date-when-everyone-16-and-16053224.php%7Cwork=SFGATE%7Ctitle=California sets date for when vaccine eligibility will open to everyone|date=March 25, 2021|access-date=March 25, 2021|first=Amy|last=Graff}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/local/article/California-children-ages-12-to-15-can-get-16173286.php%7Ctitle=California children ages 12 to 15 can get COVID-19 vaccine starting Thursday|work=San Francisco Chronicle|first=Lauren|last=Hernández|date=May 12, 2021|access-date=May 13, 2021}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||url=https://apnews.com/article/coronavirus-pandemic-michelle-lujan-grisham-new-mexico-centers-for-disease-control-and-prevention-california-7ebb00a70a1de40ed1144d8645068aae%7Cwork=AP News|title=California, Colorado and NM expand virus booster access|date=November 13, 2021|access-date=November 13, 2021|first=Don|last=Thompson}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||date=2020-12-14|title=First coronavirus vaccines given in CA|url=https://www.kron4.com/health/coronavirus/first-coronavirus-vaccines-administered-in-ca/%7Caccess-date=2021-02-12%7Cwebsite=KRON4%7Clanguage=en-US}}
- ↑ 163,0 163,1 {{#invoke:Cite web||date=2021-02-02|title=California's early vaccine rollout was chaotic and filled with problems. Here's what went wrong|url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-02-02/california-covid-vaccine-rollout-lags-other-states%7Caccess-date=2021-02-08%7Cwebsite=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||title=In California, an uneven vaccination effort deepens class divide|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/california-s-vaccine-distribution-woes-reflect-state-long-troubled-wealth-n1256680%7Caccess-date=2021-02-09%7Cwebsite=NBC News|date=February 5, 2021 |language=en}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||title=Latino workers, groups blast California officials over Covid-19 vaccine rollout changes|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/latino-workers-groups-blast-california-officials-over-covid-19-vaccine-n1256893%7Caccess-date=2021-02-08%7Cwebsite=NBC News|date=February 7, 2021 |language=en}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||last=Marketing|first=UC Davis Health, Public Affairs and|title=Register for your COVID-19 vaccination|url=https://health.ucdavis.edu/health-news/coronavirus/register-for-your-covid-19-vaccination-/2020/12%7Caccess-date=2021-02-12%7Cwebsite=health.ucdavis.edu%7Clanguage=en}}Шаблон:Dead link
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||date=2021-01-28|title=No bathrooms. No seating. Endless lines. Struggling seniors face vaccine misery|url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-01-28/la-covid-vaccine-rollout-puts-seniors-at-disadvantage%7Caccess-date=2021-02-12%7Cwebsite=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||last=Glover|first=Julian|date=2021-01-26|title=COVID-19 vaccine data analysis found 'warning flags' for racial equity|url=https://abc7news.com/10015225/%7Caccess-date=2021-02-12%7Cwebsite=ABC7 San Francisco|language=en}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite news||date=2021-03-05|title=California to set aside 40% of COVID-19 vaccine doses for hardest-hit communities|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-california-idUSKCN2AW2OF%7Caccess-date=2021-03-05}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite news||last=|first=|date=|title=More Than 6.43 Billion Shots Given: Covid-19 Vaccine Tracker|newspaper=Bloomberg.com|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/covid-vaccine-tracker-global-distribution/%7Caccess-date=October 7, 2021|website=|publisher=Bloomberg}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||last=California|first=State of|title=Vaccines|url=https://covid19.ca.gov/vaccines/%7Caccess-date=2021-03-19%7Cwebsite=covid19.ca.gov%7Clanguage=en-US}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||last1=Mathieu |first1=Edouard |title=State-by-state data on COVID-19 vaccinations in the United States |url=https://ourworldindata.org/us-states-vaccinations |website=Our World in Data |access-date=26 March 2021}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||last=Martichoux|first=Alix|date=2021-01-11|title=California COVID-19 vaccine tracker: How the state is doing, when you can get a coronavirus vaccine|url=https://abc7news.com/9567632/%7Caccess-date=2021-02-12%7Cwebsite=ABC7 San Francisco|language=en}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||date=2021-02-12|title=Los Angeles sites run out of COVID-19 vaccine early and are forced to close|url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-02-11/city-run-vaccination-sites-ran-out-of-supplies-sooner-than-expected%7Caccess-date=2021-02-12%7Cwebsite=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web ||date=2021-06-03 |title=A Timeline of COVID-19 Vaccine Developments in 2021 |url=https://www.ajmc.com/view/a-timeline-of-covid-19-vaccine-developments-in-2021 |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=AJMC |language=en}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||last1=Kaplan |first1=Ezra |title='We can fix this': Californians build their own vaccination-tracking website |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/california-technologists-create-website-track-vaccinations-n1255381 |website=NBC News |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210123225639/https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/california-technologists-create-website-track-vaccinations-n1255381 |archive-date=23 January 2021 |language=en |date=22 January 2021 |url-status=live}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||last=California|first=State of|title=Vaccines|url=https://covid19.ca.gov/vaccines/%7Caccess-date=2021-02-12%7Cwebsite=covid19.ca.gov%7Clanguage=en-US}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||title=CDPH - Vaccination appointment scheduling |url=https://myturn.ca.gov/location-select |website=myturn.ca.gov |publisher=California}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||date=2021-02-12|title=The COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution Plan in California|url=https://states.aarp.org/california/covid-19-vaccine-distribution%7Caccess-date=2021-02-12%7Cwebsite=California%7Clanguage=english}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||last=KABC|date=2021-01-27|title=Vaccinate CA: Techies create map showing all COVID-19 vaccine locations in absence of state directory|url=https://abc7.com/10069613/%7Caccess-date=2021-03-04%7Cwebsite=ABC7 Los Angeles|language=en}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||title=COVID-19 Vaccine Availability|url=https://www.vaccinateca.com/%7Caccess-date=2021-03-04%7Cwebsite=VaccinateCA%7Clanguage=en}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite web||last=Laura|first=More by|date=2021-02-25|title=Volunteers Built, Run Statewide Vaccine Lookup System|url=https://www.sfpublicpress.org/volunteers-built-run-statewide-vaccine-lookup-system/%7Caccess-date=2021-03-04%7Cwebsite=San Francisco Public Press|language=en-US}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||title=Digital COVID-19 Vaccine Record |url=https://myvaccinerecord.cdph.ca.gov/ |website=California Department of Public Health |publisher=State of California |access-date=10 January 2022}}
- ↑ 184,0 184,1 {{#invoke:cite news ||last1=Henry |first1=Laine |title=How to set up your California digital COVID-19 vaccine record — and how to scan QR code |url=https://www.desertsun.com/story/news/health/2021/08/06/california-optional-digital-covid-19-vaccine-record/5518004001/ |access-date=10 January 2022 |work=The Desert Sun |location=Palm Springs}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||title=SMART Health Card Verifier |url=https://apps.apple.com/us/app/smart-health-card-verifier/id1572691390 |website=apple App Store |access-date=10 January 2022}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||title=SMART Health Card Verifier |url=https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.thecommonsproject.smarthealthcardverifier |website=Apps on Google Play |access-date=10 January 2022 |language=en}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||title=SMART Health Card Verifier App |url=https://thecommonsproject.org/smart-health-card-verifier |website=The Commons Project |access-date=10 January 2022}}
- ↑ 188,0 188,1 {{#invoke:cite web ||title=California Launches New Digital Tool Giving Residents Convenient Access to Their COVID-19 Vaccine Record |url=https://cdt.ca.gov/news/california-launches-new-digital-tool-giving-residents-convenient-access-to-their-covid-19-vaccine-record/ |website=California Department of Technology |access-date=10 January 2022 |language=en |quote=California...Digital...COVID-19 Vaccine Record}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||author1=The Commons Project |title=VCI Directory |url=https://github.com/the-commons-project/vci-directory |website=GitHub |access-date=10 January 2022 |date=10 January 2022}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web ||title=The VCI™ Charter |url=https://vci.org/about |website=vci.org |access-date=10 January 2022 |quote=A SMART Health Card stores healthcare information and other vital medical data. the founding members of VCI have collaborated to develop (1) the SMART Health Cards Framework Implementation Guide based on the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Verifiable Credential and Health Level 7 (HL7) SMART on FHIR standards, and (2) the SMART Health Cards: Vaccination & Testing Implementation Guide..}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite news ||url=https://www.businessinsider.com/united-airlines-virgin-covid-19-digital-health-pass-negative-test-2020-11 |title=5 major airlines are rolling out shared digital health passes to prove negative COVID-19 tests. They hope it's a step towards recovery for an industry set to lose $157 billion. |author=Grace Dean |work=Business Insider |date=25 November 2020 |accessdate=28 November 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Cite news ||url=https://www.ft.com/content/3f26078e-6222-4f16-8395-afec4d87b08a |title=Those who get vaccinated deserve more freedom |author=John Gapper |work=Financial Times |date=25 November 2020 |accessdate=28 November 2020}}
- ↑ {{#invoke:cite web || url=https://www.npr.org/2022/02/18/1081655623/california-adopts-nations-first-endemic-virus-policy | title=California changes its COVID strategy and announces a plan to live with the virus | website=NPR | date=February 18, 2022 }}
External links
- California CDPH Office of Public Affairs, news releases by California Department of Public Health (CDPH)
- {{#invoke:cite web ||title=Governor Newsom Issues New Executive Order Further Enhancing State and Local Government's Ability to Respond to COVID-19 Pandemic |url=https://www.gov.ca.gov/2020/03/12/governor-newsom-issues-new-executive-order-further-enhancing-state-and-local-governments-ability-to-respond-to-covid-19-pandemic/ |website=Governor of California |publisher=Government of California |access-date=20 June 2021 |language=en |date=2020-03-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614194604/https://www.gov.ca.gov/2020/03/12/governor-newsom-issues-new-executive-order-further-enhancing-state-and-local-governments-ability-to-respond-to-covid-19-pandemic/ |archive-date=2020-06-14 |quote=Directs Californians to follow public health directives including canceling large gatherings more than 250 people Order removes waiting period for unemployment and disability insurance for Californians who lose work as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak Readies state to commandeer hotels & medical facilities to isolate & treat COVID-19 patients Allows local and state legislative bodies to hold meetings via conference calls while still meeting state transparency requirements}}
- Wikiversity:COVID-19/All-cause deaths/California
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