Английская Википедия:Cabadbaran

Cabadbaran, officially the City of Cabadbaran (Шаблон:Lang-ceb), is a sixth class component city and de jure capital of the province of Agusan del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 80,354 people.Шаблон:PH census

It is founded in 1894, the city rose from its Spanish period beginnings to become the premier town of Agusan del Norte. Its rich cultural heritage is evident in its preserved colonial period houses and its archaeological collections.

On August 16, 2000, the seat of provincial government was transferred from Butuan to Cabadbaran through Republic Act 8811,^[1] although the provincial government still holds office in Butuan, pending the actual transfer of provincial offices to the new capital. Cabadbaran was officially declared a city in 2007.

History

Spanish period

Traces of 12th century villages can be found near the waterways that pass through the territory of Cabadbaran. No records are found before the Spanish colonization except for a site in Sanghan where Chinese ceramics from 15th to 16th century were found.

Cabadbaran was first mentioned by the Spanish as a small village chosen by the Spanish authorities to be turned into a reduction called "La Reunion de Cabarbaran" in 1867. The reduction was mostly populated by people from Southern Agusan. Then in 1879, the reduction was disbanded. The inhabitants of the reduction went back to their places of origin while the remaining migrated to Tubay.

In 1880–1881, the reduction was revived by Father Saturnino Urios, but was named Tolosa to honor Father Urios' hometown in Spain. In 1880, Tolosa was headed by the Teniente del Barrio Don Eduardo Curato. He petitioned to the Spanish authorities for the township application of Tolosa to be approved. On January 31, 1894, the petition was approved. The population and the economy grew, which was driven by agriculture and commerce. But the growth suddenly came to a halt when the revolution against Spain started. No significant turmoil affected the city until the coming of the American forces in 1901.^[2]

American period

When the Americans arrived, Spanish forces were forced to surrender. Included with them was Capt. Andres Atega. Under the Americans, the town was called again as Cabadbaran (according to Don Andres Atega's proposal).

In 1903, the public education system was established with George Bohner as the first American teacher. Public health also improved when Dr. Pedro Malbas was appointed as the Public Health Officer in the 1920s and constructed sanitary toilets, deep wells and drainage canals. Public infrastructure was also improved by the Americans.

Then in the 1935 Constitutional Convention, Apolonio "Oyok" D. Curato, a lawyer, represented Agusan. He then became the Governor and Congressman of the province of Agusan.

The local economy grew when it started producing abaca from coconut plantations established by the Americans. Rice was also grown and remained as staple crop grown in the fields up to this day. The Agusan-Surigao road opened in the 1930s and several bus lines started public service along this route.^[2]

World War II

Cabadbaran had been occupied at one time by those resisting the Japanese occupation of Mindanao.^[3] Eventually the Japanese occupied it. On January 17, 1945, combined American and Filipino troops including recognized guerrillas fought a force of Japanese troops on the road between Cabadbaran and Butuan. The Japanese were in the process of reinforcing their garrison at Butuan. The guerrillas retreated when Japanese reinforcements arrived. The guerrillas also had depleted their ammunition.^[4]

On March 31, 1945, Major Juan Rivera and a guerrilla detachment attacked the Japanese at Cabadbaran; the Japanese abandoned the post after an hour-long battle.^[5]

The general headquarters of the Philippine Commonwealth Army and Philippine Constabulary was active on 1945 to 1946 in Cabadbaran during and aftermath of World War II.

Cityhood

Шаблон:Main Шаблон:Hatnote

Файл:Cabadbaran City Downtown (Original Work).jpg

Downtown Cabadbaran

On July 28, 2007, the municipality Cabadbaran becomes a city in the province of Agusan del Norte after ratification of Republic Act 9434.

The Supreme Court declared the cityhood law of Cabadbaran and 15 other cities unconstitutional after a petition filed by the League of Cities of the Philippines in its ruling on November 18, 2008. On December 22, 2009, the cityhood law of Cabadbaran and 15 other municipalities regain its status as cities again after the court reversed its ruling on November 18, 2008. On August 23, 2010, the court reinstated its ruling on November 18, 2008, causing Cabadbaran and 15 cities to become regular municipalities. Finally, on February 15, 2011, Cabadbaran becomes a city again including the 15 municipalities declaring that the conversion to cityhood met all legal requirements.

After six years of legal battle, in its board resolution, the League of Cities of the Philippines acknowledged and recognized the cityhood of Cabadbaran and 15 other cities.

Geography

Cabadbaran lies 9 degrees north latitude and 125 degrees and 30 minutes east longitude in the northeastern part of Mindanao.

Its boundaries are Tubay and Santiago to the north, Butuan Bay to the west, Magallanes and R. T. Romualdez to the south, and Sibagat, Agusan del Sur to the east.

It is Шаблон:Convert from Butuan. It is generally flat with rolling hills and swamplands in its western part. The highest of all mountains in the Caraga region, Mount Hilong-Hilong (with an altitude of Шаблон:Convert above sea level), rises in this city.

Climate

Шаблон:Weather box

The city belongs to the Second Climatic Type of the Corona Classification. No definite dry season in the place and maximum rainfall occurs from October to January. The average rainfall is Шаблон:Convert per month, average annual temperature Шаблон:Convert.

Barangays

Cabadbaran is politically subdivided into 31 barangays.Шаблон:PSGC detail Each barangay consists of puroks while some have sitios.

Demographics

Файл:Cabadbaran Grounds.jpg

Cabadbaran grounds during a fiesta

Шаблон:Philippine Census

Language

The entirety of Cabadbaran speaks Cebuano. There are also significant number of people who speak Surigaonon, for these people have lived or have ancestries from the northern municipalities and speak in a variety of the Jabonganon, Mainitnon and Gigaquitnon dialects of the Surigaonon language. Ilocano, Hiligaynon, Waray, Manobo languages, Butuanon, Boholano dialect, Maguindanaon, Maranao and Tausug have also less significant speakers in the area while English and Filipino are also widely used spoken. Шаблон:Clear-left

Economy

Шаблон:PH poverty incidence

Файл:BCBMPC Cabadbaran City Branch (Original Work).jpg

The Baug Carp Beneficiaries Multi-Purpose Cooperative (BCBMPC) Cabadbaran Branch

Файл:Cabadbaran Public Market.jpg

Cabadbaran Public Market

Файл:Prince Town Cabadbaran Branch.jpg

Prince Town Cabadbaran Branch

Cabadbaran produces several agricultural crops such as rice, corn, coconut, abaca, banana, and mango. The city has the biggest area planted with coconuts in Agusan del Norte with 18.46% of the total land area planted with the crop.

The Cabadbaran also has a booming economy based on agro industry, commerce and trade, source of several export and industrial products; it has also varied ecotourism destinations ranging from Caraga's highest peak, mile long tunnels to adventure tourism sites. Шаблон:Clear-left

Tourism

Like the popular destinations situated on neighboring provinces, Cabadbaran experiences a growing ecotourism industry. Annual climbs to reach Caraga's highest peak Mt. Hilong-Hilong (2,012 meters above sea level) has been organized by trekkers and mountaineers, there are also organized climbs to Mt. Mas-ai, a plateau located in Putting Bato which has a mountain top lake. Locals have also put up white water tubing adventures along Cabadbaran River including rappelling at some of the steep falls located at the foot of Mt. Hilong-hilong. Mt. Pongkay, which is a hill that can be seen from the city proper, can be a great destination for families who wants to experience the value of the Holy Week's penance and devotion. It is also a destination for mountain climbers and for those people who wants to see the panoramic view of Agusan del Norte and Butuan Bay.

Cabadbaran also has cheap inland pools by local residents that is an alternative to inland resorts. Many of these pools have sprouted through the years because of Cabadbaran's abundant fresh water which the city is known for. The city is also a beach destination for people from neighboring municipalities because of its crystal clear water and gray sandy beaches. The city has multiple hotels as well like Loreta's, Gazebo, and Casa Alburo.

Although Cabadbaran does not yet have any mainstream fast food restaurants, the city has various restaurants that offers Filipino, Japanese, and Chinese cuisine, an alternative to people who wants to have their fine dining locally than in the neighboring Butuan.

Culture

Festivals and celebrations

Charter Day Celebration - held annually every July 28 to commemorate the cityhood of Cabadbaran.
Dagkot Festival - It is the sole important event during the fiesta celebration of Cabadbaran City. The weeklong festivity features socio-civic activities, sporting events, trade fairs and capped by a grand street dancing parade and competition to celebrate the historic past and the bright future that awaits the city also in honor of Nuestra Seniora de Candelaria.
Musikainan Food and Music Festival - It is a celebrational tribute to the city's "culture and history as well as the local's cooking tradition".^[6]

Government

Файл:Cabadbaran City Hall (Original Work).jpg

Cabadbaran City Hall

Файл:AGUSAN DEL NORTE NEW PROVINCIAL CAPITOL (UNFINISHED).jpg

Proposed new Agusan del Norte provincial capitol building (ongoing construction)

Provincial Seat of Government

After the Provincial Government of Agusan del Norte attain the reclassification of their land conducted by the Dept. of Agriculture (DA) in Barangay Sanghan, Cabadbaran City where the new Capitol building will be constructed, the land conversion by the Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) will soon follow. It will feature a modern design, including an employees village at the back of the new building intended for the provincial employees.

List of mayors

The list of mayors that took office in Cabadbaran starting in 1896.^[7]

Name	Year of Term
Eduardo M. Curato*	1896-1902
Luis L. Cabrera	1904-1905
Mariano Alaan	1906-1908
Antonio C. Dagani	1908-1909
Adolfo C. Mortola	1910-1911
Fabian B. Monteroso	1912-1913
Angel M. Manlapaz	1917-1919
Saturnino D. Curato	1919-1924
Fidel C. Dagani	1925-1928
Fabian D. Mora	1928-1931;1938-1940
Jose Baylin	1932-1934
Servano S. Jongko	1935-1936
Regino J. Batitang	1936-1938
Felixberto Curato Dagani	1941-Early 1942;1963-1985
Pedro Mariveles Malbas^[8]	Early-Sept 1942
Virgilio Noja Atega Sr^[8]	Oct 1942-May 1943
Alejo P. Rabuya	1945-1951
Leonardo R. Corvera	1951
Teofilo D. Curato	1952-1959
Julio Carlon	1959-1960
Basilisa Atega-Kittilstvedt	1960-1963
Bienvenido C. Milan	1963
Alan M. Famador	1985-1986
Abelardo M. Carloto	1986-1992
Ernie M. Ceniza	1987
Rosario M. Amante	1992-2001
Herman M. Libarnes	2001-2007
Dale B. Covera**	2007-2016
Katrina Marie O. Mortola	2016–2019
Judy Amante	2019–present
_{The first municipal mayor.} _{*The first city mayor.}

Transportation

By land

Cabadbaran City is accessible by bus from Bachelor Express, Davao Metro Shuttle, or Surigao Bus via Butuan-Surigao routes or vice versa. There are also vans, jeep and multi-cabs that have routes towards both Surigao City and Butuan which are stationed in the City Transport Terminal.

Accredited Transport Cooperative:

Agusan Del Norte PUV Transport Service Cooperative^[9]

By air and sea

Currently the city has no sea and airports. Cabadbaran can be reached by air from Manila and Cebu via Butuan which is 30 kilometers away. From the Visayas, it can be accessed via the Nasipit Municipal Port in Nasipit, Agusan del Norte (60 km) or via the Lipata Port and Verano International Port both in Surigao City (79 km) through the Maharlika Highway

Education

Файл:CANDELARIA INSTITUTE OF CABADBARAN BUILDING.jpg

Candelaria Institute

There are the list of the different schools within the city of Cabadbaran.^[10]^[11]

Public elementary schools

Шаблон:Div col

Alfonso B. Dagani Elementary School
Ansili Elementary School
Antonio C. Dagani Elementary School
Antonio Luna Elementary School
Bay-ang Elementary School
Bayabas Elementary School
Caasinan Elementary School
Cabadbaran South Central Elementary School
Cabinet Elementary School
Calamba Elementary School
Calibunan Elementary School
Comagascas Elementary School
Concepcion Elementary School
Dagnasay Elementary School
Del Pilar Central Elementary School
Francisco C. Jongko Elementary School
Katugasan Elementary School
La Union Elementary School
Lusong Elementary School
Masundong Elementary School
North Cabadbaran Central Elementary School
Palidan Elementary School
Pirada Elementary School
Puting Bato Elementary School
Soriano Elementary School

Шаблон:Div col end

Secondary education

Public secondary and senior high schools

Cabadbaran City National High School
Calamba National High School
Del Pilar National High School
Francisco C. Jongko National High School
La Union National High School
La Union Senior High School (Stand Alone)
North Cabadbaran Central Elementary School Integrated School (Evening Opportunity High School)
Puting Bato National High School

Public integrated schools

Chief Justice Ramon Avancena Integrated School
Mahaba Integrated School
Sanghan Integrated School

Private schools