Английская Википедия:Caesarean text-type
In textual criticism of the New Testament, Caesarean text-type is the term proposed by certain scholars to denote a consistent pattern of variant readings that is claimed to be apparent in certain Koine Greek manuscripts of the four Gospels, but which is not found in any of the other commonly recognized New Testament text-types (Byzantine, Western and Alexandrian). In particular a common text-type has been proposed to be found: in the ninth/tenth century Codex Koridethi; in Codex Basilensis A. N. IV. 2 (a Greek manuscript of the Gospels used, sparingly, by Erasmus in his 1516 printed Koine New Testament); and in those Gospel quotations found in the third century works of Origen, which were written after he had settled in Caesarea.[1][2] The early translations of the Gospels in Armenian and Georgian also appear to witness to many of the proposed characteristic Caesarean readings, as do the small group of minuscule manuscripts classed as Family 1 and Family 13. However, some text-critics, such as Kurt and Barbara Aland have disputed the existence of a Caesarean text-type.Шаблон:R
Due to the usage of Miniscule 1 by Erasmus, a few "Caesarean" readings were included within the later Textus Receptus and thus found their way into later popular translations.[3]
Description
A particularly distinctive common reading of the proposed text-type is in Matthew 27:16-17, where the bandit released by Pontius Pilate instead of Jesus is named as "Jesus Barabbas" rather than — with all other surviving witnesses — just "Barabbas". Origen notes particularly that the form "Jesus Barabbas" was common in manuscripts in Caesarea, whereas he had not found this reading in his previous residence in Alexandria. Otherwise the Caesarean readings have a mildly paraphrastic tendency that seems to place them between the more concise Alexandrian, and the more expansive Western text-types. None of the surviving Caesarean manuscripts is claimed to witness a pure type of text, as all appear to have been to some degree assimilated with readings from the Byzantine text-type.
Some writers have questioned the validity of this grouping, claiming that the classification is the result of poor research. Insofar as the Caesarean text-type does exist (in Matt, Luke and John is not well defined), then it does so only in the Gospels. The proposed Caesarean witnesses do not appear to have any common distinctive readings in the rest of the New Testament. Some of the Caesarean manuscripts have the so-called Jerusalem Colophon.
The Caesarean text-type was discovered and named by Burnett Hillman Streeter in 1924.Шаблон:R According to some scholars such as Kurt and Barbara Aland, it is only a hypothetical text-type.[4]
There are no pure Caesarean manuscripts. In many cases, it is difficult to decide the original reading of the group, for instance in Mark 1:16:Шаблон:R
Classification
H. von Soden — Iota (Jerusalem) (I), in part (most strong "Caesarean" witnesses are found in Soden's IШаблон:Sup group, with family 1 being his IШаблон:Sup and family 13 being IШаблон:Sup).
Kirsopp Lake, an outstanding British textual critic, developed the hypothesis of the relationship between ƒШаблон:Sup, ƒШаблон:Sup, Θ, 565, 700, and 28.[5] Streeter carried Lake's work another step forward by pointing to Caesarea as the original location of the family.[6]
F. G. Kenyon — Gamma (γ)[7]
M. J. Lagrange — C
Supposed witnesses
The earliest potential witnesses to something alike the Caesarean manuscripts are Шаблон:Papyrus link and some of the (now non-existent) manuscripts used by Origen (185 – Шаблон:Abbr 253). According to biblical scholar Teofilio Ayuso, Papyrus 45 and the quotations of Origen count as "proto-Caesarean", however the full Caesarean text only appears later in manuscripts such as Koridethi (Θ) and the early Armenian and Georgian manuscripts.[8] Notwithstanding this association of Шаблон:Papyrus link and a "proto" or "pre-Caesarean" text-type, biblical scholar Larry Hurtado quashed any sort of affiliation between Шаблон:Papyrus link and the Caesarean text-type. He argued only that Шаблон:Papyrus link and Codex Washingtonianus (W) had a close relationship in the Gospel of Mark, but not with any other witness considered to represent the Caesarean text-type. Therefore Hurtado states "the 'pre-Caesarean' witnesses are not Caesarean at all," and accordingly Шаблон:Papyrus link and W "[do] not belong to any major text-type."[9][10]
| Sign | Name | Date | Content |
| Θ (038) | Codex Koridethi | 9th | Mark |
| 565. | Minuscule 565 | 9th | Gospels |
| 28. | Minuscule 28 | 11th | Gospel of Mark |
| 700. | Minuscule 700 | 11th | Gospels |
| 1.
and rest of [[Family 1|ƒШаблон:Sup]] |
Minuscule 1, | 12th
11th-15th |
only Gospels |
| 13.
and rest of [[Family 13|ƒШаблон:Sup]] |
Minuscule 13, | 13th
11th-15th |
Gospels
only Gospels |
- Other manuscripts
Шаблон:Papyrus link, Шаблон:Papyrus link, Шаблон:Papyrus link, Шаблон:Papyrus link, Uncial 0188, 174, 230, 406 (?), 788, 826, 828, 872 (only in Mark), 1071, 1275, 1424 (only in Mark), 1604, 2437,[11] ℓ 32.
Textual features
(Apparent Caesarean witnesses in Bold)
Шаблон:Bibleref
- Шаблон:Lang (and when the centurion returned to his house in that hour, he found the slave well) - Шаблон:Script/Hebrew C (N) Θ (0250) [[Family 1|ƒШаблон:Sup]] (33. 1241.) [[Codex Sangermanensis I|gШаблон:Sup]] [[Harklean version|syrШаблон:Sup]]
- omit. - Majority of MSS[12]Шаблон:Rp
- Шаблон:Lang (through Isaiah the prophet) – Θ [[Family 1|ƒШаблон:Sup]] [[Family 13|ƒШаблон:Sup]] 33.
- Шаблон:Lang (through the prophet) — Majority of MSS[13]Шаблон:Rp
- Шаблон:Lang (and be baptized with the baptism that I am baptized with) - Majority of MSS
- omit. — Шаблон:Script/Hebrew B D L Z Θ 085 [[Family 1|ƒШаблон:Sup]] [[Family 13|ƒШаблон:Sup]] it syrШаблон:Sup saШаблон:R
- Шаблон:Lang (Jesus Barabbas) — Θ [[Family 1|ƒШаблон:Sup]] 700.* [[Syriac versions of the Bible|syrШаблон:Sup]] arm geo
- Шаблон:Lang (Barabbas) — Majority of MSS
- Шаблон:Lang (only having one loaf) — Шаблон:Papyrus link Θ [[Family 1|ƒШаблон:Sup]] 565. 700 k sa
- omit — Majority of MSS
- Шаблон:Lang (of the Herodians) — Шаблон:Papyrus link W Θ [[Family 1|ƒШаблон:Sup]] [[Family 13|ƒШаблон:Sup]] 28. 565. 1365. i k [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Sahidic|copШаблон:Sup]] arm geo
- Шаблон:Lang (of Herod) — majority of mss
- Шаблон:Lang (in your hearts, Oh little-faithed ones) — Θ 28. 565. 700. pc [[Harklean version|syrШаблон:Sup]]
- omit. - Majority of MSS
- Шаблон:Lang (prayer and fasting) — Шаблон:Papyrus link A C D L W Θ Ψ [[Family 1|ƒШаблон:Sup]] [[Family 13|ƒШаблон:Sup]] Majority of MSS
- Шаблон:Lang (prayer) — Шаблон:Script/Hebrew B 0274 k
- Шаблон:Lang (do not defraud) — Шаблон:Script/Hebrew A [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|BШаблон:Sup]] C D X Θ 565. 892. 1009. 1071. 1195. 1216. 1230. 1241 1253. 1344. 1365. 1646. 2174. Byz Lect
- omit. — B* K W Δ Ψ [[Family 1|ƒШаблон:Sup]] [[Family 13|ƒШаблон:Sup]] 28 700 1010. 1079. 1242. 1546. 2148. ℓ 10 ℓ 950 ℓ 1642 ℓ 1761 [[Syriac versions of the Bible|syrШаблон:Sup]] arm geoШаблон:R
- Шаблон:Lang (a certain man planted a vineyard) — W Θ [[Family 13|ƒШаблон:Sup]] 565 aur c
- Шаблон:Lang (a man planted a vineyard) — Шаблон:Script/Hebrew Β C Δ Ψ 33. 1424.
- Шаблон:Lang (seeing him coming, he said towards them) — Θ 565. 700. c
- Шаблон:Lang (seeing him coming, he said) — N [[Family 13|ƒШаблон:Sup]] 28.
- Шаблон:Lang (he said towards them, "Because...) — Шаблон:Script/Hebrew Β C L W' Ψ 33. 892.
- Шаблон:Lang (he said towards them) — D
- Шаблон:Lang (he said towards them, "Because...) — A Majority of MSS
- Шаблон:Lang (saying that, "I am the Messiah") — W Θ [[Family 13|ƒШаблон:Sup]] 28 61. 115. 255. 299. 565. 700. 1071. b c gШаблон:Sup l vgШаблон:Sup sa bo geoШаблон:Sup arm arabШаблон:Sup Cyp
- Шаблон:Lang (saying that, "I am he") — Majority of MSS
See also
- Other text-types
- Subgroups of the Caesarean text-type
References
Sources
- Bruce M. Metzger, The Caesarean Text of the Gospels, JBL, Vol. 64, No. 4 (Dec., 1945), pp. 457-489.
External links
- Text Types And Textual Kinship – from the Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism
- Concerning the "Caesarean Text"
- Origins of the Caesarean text
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ David Alan Black, New Testament Textual Criticism, Baker Books, 2006, p. 65.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book (NA26)
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book (UBS3)
