Английская Википедия:Caldas Novas State Park
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox protected area The Caldas Novas State Park (Шаблон:Lang-pt) is a state park in the state of Goiás, Brazil. It protects an area of cerrado vegetation on a large plateau which is important in replenishing the aquifers that supply warm mineral springs in the region.
Location
The Caldas Novas State Park is in the municipalities of Caldas Novas and Rio Quente, Goiás. It has an area of Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn The park is Шаблон:Convert from the municipal center of Caldas Novas, and Шаблон:Convert from Goiânia. It protects a remnant of the cerrado biome surrounded by farms and urban areas. The park is elliptical, covering the large plateau of the Serra de Caldas and its sides, which form natural walls.Шаблон:Sfn The Serra is also called the Caldas Ridge or the Structural Dome of Caldas. It rises to about Шаблон:Convert, although the surrounding terrain is at about Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn
History
The Caldas Novas State Park was created by law 7.282 on 25 September 1970.
Its objectives are to preserve the fauna, flora, springs and their surroundings, to protect natural sites of ecological and touristic importance, and to support managed use for leisure, education and scientific research.
Decree 1.531 of 21 July 1978 gave administrative responsibility to FEMAGO, now SEMARH.Шаблон:Sfn
In 1998 funding from Furnas Centrais Elétricas in compensation for the environmental impact of the Corumbá I Hydroelectric Power Plant was used to build infrastructure.
This included the administrative headquarters, visitors' center and accommodation for researchers and guards.
The park opened to visitors on 14 March 1999 on an experimental basis. All visitors had to be accompanied by guides.Шаблон:Sfn
The buffer zone was established by administrative rule 69/2014.Шаблон:Sfn
Geothermal aquifer
The Serra de Caldas is one of the most important sources of recharge of the hydrothermal aquifers that are the main tourist attractions of the Caldas Novas and Rio Quente region.Шаблон:Sfn The municipalities of Caldas Novas and Rio Quente form the largest thermal waters tourist complex in the world.Шаблон:Sfn Groundwater from the plateau infiltrates through the soil and through faulted and fractured rocks, gradually warming as it sinks deeper, until at a depth of Шаблон:Convert it is Шаблон:Convert warmer than the average surface temperature. It then migrates up to the surface through fractures to form thermal springs.Шаблон:Sfn A 2005 study noted that the thermal aquifer water levels were dropping quickly due to excessive pumping by tubular wells.Шаблон:Sfn
Visiting
The park is open from 8:00 to 17:00 Tuesday to Sunday. There is a small entrance fee.Шаблон:Sfn There are two official trails with waterfalls, one trail through the cerrado vegetation, and three look-outs with a panoramic view of the city of Caldas Novas. All the trails are easy, but may be hot.Шаблон:Cn
The Cascatinha waterfall trail is less than Шаблон:Convert and leads to a waterfall where visitors may swim or jump from the top of the falls. The Cascatinha lookout on this trail gives a beautiful view. The Paredão waterfall trail is Шаблон:Convert and has little shade, so is best taken in the morning. From the waterfall some steep steps lead to the Paredão lookout, which gives a 360º view of the city. The short Diversiflora trail gives an interesting guide to the vegetation of the cerrado.Шаблон:Cn
Notes
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