Английская Википедия:Cantata for the University Graduation Ceremonies of 1894
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox musical composition
The Cantata for the University Graduation Ceremonies of 1894 (in Finnish: Шаблон:Lang; sometimes called the Promotional Cantata of 1894 (in Finnish: Шаблон:Lang) for short),Шаблон:Sfn JS 105, is a three-movement cantata for soprano, baritone, mixed choir, and orchestra written in 1894 by the Finnish composer Jean Sibelius. It is chronologically the first of Sibelius's nine orchestral cantatas, and belongs to a series of three such pieces—along with the Coronation Cantata (JS 104, 1896) and the Promotional Cantata of 1897 (JS 106)—that he wrote on commission from his employer at the time, the Imperial Alexander University (today the University of Helsinki).
The cantata premiered on 31 May 1894 in Helsinki with Sibelius conducting the Helsinki Orchestral Association and an amateur choir;Шаблон:Efn the soloists were the Finnish soprano Aino Ackté and the Finnish baritone Abraham Ojanperä.Шаблон:Sfn
In 1896, Sibelius arranged the conclusion of Movement II as the Festive March (Шаблон:Lang) for mixed choir Шаблон:Em.Шаблон:Sfn
Instrumentation
The Promotional Cantata of 1894 is scored for the following instruments and voices,Шаблон:Sfn organized by family (vocalists, woodwinds, brass, percussion, and strings):
- Soprano, baritone, and mixed choir (Шаблон:Abbr)
- 2 flutes, 1 oboe, 2 clarinets, and 1 bassoon
- 2 horns, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones, and tuba
- Timpani, bass drum, cymbals, and triangle
- Violins (I and II), violas, cellos, and double basses
Structure
The Promotional Cantata of 1894 is in three movements. They are:Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Ordered list
Movement I is scored for mixed choir and orchestra, while Movement II adds to these forces solo parts for soprano and baritone. Finally, Movement III is for soprano and orchestra, although the solo part (which occurs during a brief, middle trio section) has not survived;Шаблон:Sfn however, according to the Sibelius biographer Andrew Barnett, "luckily the lack of a solo part does not render the piece unperformable [as a movement for orchestra alone]".Шаблон:Sfn
The cantata remains in manuscript, although will eventually be published as part of the Jean Sibelius Works (JSW) critical edition, an ongoing collaborative project between the National Library of Finland, Breitkopf & Härtel, and the Sibelius Society of Finland. (Begun in 1996, the series is projected at 52 volumes and will eventually cover all of Sibelius's completed original compositions and arrangements, including relevant JS-designated works.)Шаблон:Sfn
Discography
The Finnish conductor Leif Segerstam and the Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra, joined by the Finnish Philharmonic Choir, made the world premiere studio recording of the first two movements of Cantata for the University Graduation Ceremonies of 1894 in April 1999 for Ondine; the soloists were the Finnish soprano Soile Isokoski and the Finnish baritone Шаблон:Ill.Шаблон:Sfn To date, the only other recording dates to August 2004; it is by the Finnish conductor Osmo Vänskä, the Lahti Symphony Orchestra, and the Шаблон:Ill, who recorded the piece for the Swedish label BIS Records. Importantly, Vänskä was the first to record what survives of Movement III (again, the soprano part is lost).Шаблон:Sfn The table below contains additional details about these two recordings:
| Шаблон:Abbr | Conductor | Orchestra | Chorus | Soprano | Baritone | Шаблон:AbbrШаблон:Efn | TimeШаблон:Efn | Venue | Label | Шаблон:Abbr |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Шаблон:Sort | Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra | Finnish Philharmonic Choir | Шаблон:Sort | Шаблон:Sort | 1999 | 17:13Шаблон:Efn | Finlandia Hall | Ondine | Шаблон:Center |
| 2 | Шаблон:Sort | Lahti Symphony Orchestra | Шаблон:Ill | Шаблон:Sort | Шаблон:Sort | 2004 | 31:47 | Sibelius Hall | BIS | Шаблон:Center |
In addition, the Finnish choral director Astrid Riska and the Шаблон:Ill made the world premiere studio recording of the Festive March for mixed choir Шаблон:Em in the spring of 1992 for Ondine.Шаблон:Sfn The table below lists this and other commercially available recordings:
| Шаблон:Abbr | Choral director | Ensemble | RuntimeШаблон:Efn | Шаблон:Nowrap | Recording venue | Label | Шаблон:Abbr |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Шаблон:Sort (1) | Шаблон:Ill (1) | 3:05 | 1992 | Шаблон:Ill | Ondine | Шаблон:Center |
| 2 | Шаблон:Sort (2) | Шаблон:Ill (2) | 4:02 | 1996 | Шаблон:Ill | BIS | Шаблон:Center |
| 3 | Шаблон:Sort | Шаблон:Ill | 3:05 | 1997 | Шаблон:Ill | Finlandia | Шаблон:Center |
| 4 | Шаблон:Sort | Estonian Philharmonic Chamber Choir | 2:52 | 2014 | Шаблон:Ill | Ondine | Шаблон:Center |
Notes, references, and sources
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite AV media notes Шаблон:OCLC
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite AV media notes Шаблон:OCLC
Шаблон:Jean Sibelius Шаблон:Portalbar Шаблон:Italic title
