Английская Википедия:Cantu a tenore
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:See also Шаблон:More footnotes needed Шаблон:Infobox music genre Шаблон:Infobox intangible heritage
The Шаблон:Lang (Шаблон:Lang-sc; Шаблон:Lang-it) is a style of polyphonic folk singing characteristic of the island of Sardinia (Italy's second largest island), particularly the region of Barbagia, though some other Sardinian sub-regions bear examples of such tradition.
In 2005, UNESCO proclaimed the Шаблон:Lang to be an example of intangible cultural heritage.[1][2]
Etymology
The word Шаблон:Lang is not to be confused with the word "tenor" as a simple description of vocal register; it refers to the actual style of folk singing and is distinguished from other similar styles called by different names in different places on the island, such as Шаблон:Lang in Gallura and Шаблон:Lang in Logudoro Шаблон:Harv.
In the Barbagia region on the island of Sardinia, there are two different styles of polyphonic singing: Шаблон:Lang, usually a form of sacred music, sung with regular voices, and Шаблон:Lang, usually a form of profane music, marked by the use of overtone singing.
Technique
Шаблон:Lang is traditionally practised by groups of four male singers standing in a close circle.[1] Each singer has a distinct role, here listed in descending pitch order—form a chorus (another meaning of Шаблон:Lang):
- Шаблон:Lang or Шаблон:Lang (pronounced /oke/ or /boke/, 'voice') is the solo voice
- Шаблон:Lang or Шаблон:Lang is the 'half voice'
- Шаблон:Lang is the 'counter'
- Шаблон:Lang as 'bass'
The Шаблон:Lang sings the same note sung by the Шаблон:Lang, and Шаблон:Lang a fifth above the Шаблон:Lang. The Шаблон:Lang and the Шаблон:Lang sing in a regular voice, whereas the Шаблон:Lang and the Шаблон:Lang sing with a technique affecting the larynx. The Шаблон:Lang sings a poetic text in Sardinian, which can be of epic, historic, satirical, amorous or even protest genre. The chorus consists of nonsense syllables (for example bim-bam-boo).
According to popular tradition, Шаблон:Lang imitates the sound of wind, while the Шаблон:Lang imitates a sheep bleating and the Шаблон:Lang a cow lowing.
The solo voice starts a monodic vocal line and is then joined by the others as he indicates to them to join in.
The effect is somewhat that of a round except that the points where the other singers join in vary and, thus, the harmonies vary from version to version. The execution differs in details between each of the villages where a Шаблон:Lang is sung to such an extent that the village can be immediately recognized.
Tradition
Шаблон:Listen Although nowadays Шаблон:Lang and Шаблон:Lang are performed only by men, memories remain of a time where women groups performed as well, following the matriarchal tradition of Sardinia. According to some anthropologists, Шаблон:Lang was performed back in Nuragic times.Шаблон:Cn
Some of the most well known groups who perform Шаблон:Lang are Шаблон:Lang and Шаблон:Lang.
Notes
References
Listening
See also
External links
- The Oral Tradition of the a Tenore Song, an expression of Intangible heritage of the Sardinian pastoral culture
- Sardinian Music - Buy Sardinian Music
- Tenores.org
- Шаблон:Cite web
Шаблон:UNESCO Oral and Intangible music
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- Italian folk music
- Music in Sardinia
- Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity
- A cappella
- Four-part harmony
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
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