Английская Википедия:Captaincy of Bahia
The Captaincy of Bahia, fully the Captaincy of the Bay of All Saints (Modern Шаблон:Lang-pt), was a captaincy of Portuguese Brazil.
History
Donatary Captaincy
Шаблон:See also King João III of Portugal bestowed the donatary captaincy on Francisco Pereira Coutinho on 5 March 1534Шаблон:Sfnp as a reward for his service at Goa.Шаблон:Sfnp The initial grant was notionally for 50 leagues of coastline around the Bay of All Saints,Шаблон:Sfnp from the mouth of the Rio São Francisco to the Rio Jaguariçá. In practice, the early captaincies' boundaries were not respectedШаблон:Sfnp but the settlement was too small for it to matter.
Arriving in Brazil in late 1536, Pereira Coutinho and his men slept on their ships until they had completed the construction of about forty adobe homes, which he christened the village (Шаблон:Lang) of Pereira.Шаблон:Sfnp This was located in modern Salvador's Ladeira da Barra neighborhood and was quickly elevated into a township (Шаблон:Lang) with a municipal council (Шаблон:Lang), which became known as Vila Velha ("Old Town").Шаблон:Sfnp A fortified house, the Шаблон:Lang, was also established. The settlement was assisted by "Caramuru", a Portuguese noble (Шаблон:Lang) named Diogo Álvares Correia who had lived with the Tupinambá Indians since a shipwreck in 1510.[1] He was granted a concession (Шаблон:Lang) authorizing the authority he already wielded over a native village of 300 huts and over a thousand men.Шаблон:Sfnp By 1545,Шаблон:Sfnp the colony had a sugarcane plantation with two mills (Шаблон:Lang,)Шаблон:Sfnp as well as smaller cotton and tobacco fields. However, mistreatment at the hands of Pereira's settlers caused the Tupinambá to turn hostile and in that year the settlement was abandoned, with the survivors fleeing to Porto Seguro. When they returned in 1547 or '48, their ship was damaged off the southern shore of Itaparica and the survivors captured by the Indians there. Caramuru was spared[1] but the captain was consumed by the Tupinambá in a cannibalistic feast.Шаблон:Sfnp
Royal Captaincy
Шаблон:See also Upon the discovery of Pereira Coutinho's death, King João immediately appropriated the captaincy from its heir Manuel Pereira Coutinho in exchange for a hereditary pension of 400,000 reals.Шаблон:Sfnp (The family was not interested in remaining in the Americas in any case.)Шаблон:Sfnp In 1549, Tomé de Sousa was dispatched to the area as a royal governor general, founding Salvador de Bahia near the ruins of Pereira with soldiers, Jesuits, nobles, and other colonists.Шаблон:Sfnp He was separately considered the administrator of the royal captaincy (Шаблон:Lang-pt) of Bahia.Шаблон:Sfnp
On 10 November 1556, Joao III split off the separate captaincy of Itaparica for Antonio de Ataide.Шаблон:Sfnp The concession granted to Álvaro da Costa by Governor-General Duarte da Costa on 16 January 1557 was turned into the captaincy of Paraguaçu by a royal letter of 20 November 1565.Шаблон:Sfnp In 1580, Bahia passed with the rest of Portugal into the Iberian Union, whereby it was united with Spain and ruled by its kings from Madrid. The captaincy of Sergipe, created by King Philip II of Spain in 1590, was long subordinated to the captaincy of Bahia in the manner of one of the earlier concessions. (It was not given autonomous status under a decree of João VI of Portugal on 8 July 1820.)
In 1621, King Philip III replaced the Governorate of Brazil with the states of Brazil, still based in Bahia and now controlling the south, and the Maranhão, which was centered on São Luís and controlled what is now northern Brazil. As Spain was then prosecuting a war against the independence of the Dutch, the Dutch East and West India companies tried to conquer Brazil from them. Salvador, the capital of the captaincy, was captured and sacked by a West India Company fleet under Jacob Willekens and Piet Hein on 10 May 1624 and held until the Recapture of Bahia by a Luso-Spanish fleet in May of the next year. John Maurice's two subsequent attempts to retake the town in April and May of 1838 were unsuccessful.
The captaincy of Espirito Santo was repurchased by the crown in 1715 and administered as part of Bahia until 1809.
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The captaincies of the Governorate of Brazil (1574), including that "of our Magistrate" at Bahia
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Brazil between 1572 and 1578, when Salvador was the capital of the Governorate of Bahia
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The captaincies of the State of Brazil in 1709
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The captaincies of the Viceroyalty of Brazil Шаблон:Nowrap
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The captaincies of the Viceroyalty of Brazil Шаблон:Nowrap
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The captaincies of the Kingdom of Brazil Шаблон:Nowrap
On 28 February 1821, Bahia was notionally made a province of the Empire of Brazil,Шаблон:Fact although Salvador was not surrendered by Portuguese forces until July 2, 1823.
List
- Francisco Pereira Coutinho (1534–1548?)
- Manuel Pereira Coutinho (Шаблон:Circa)
See also
- Other Bahias
- Captaincies of Brazil, the other divisions of the country under colonial and royal rule
- Provinces of Brazil, the divisions of the country under the Empire of Brazil
- States of Brazil, the divisions of the country under the Republic of Brazil
References
Citations
Bibliography
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