Английская Википедия:Carmel (biblical settlement)

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Carmel was an ancient Israelite town in Judea, lying about Шаблон:Convert from Hebron, on the southeastern frontier of Mount Hebron.[1][2]

In the Hebrew Bible

There are several references to Carmel in the Bible. Carmel is mentioned as a city of Judah in the Books of Samuel and also in Шаблон:Bibleverse. It is mentioned as the place where Saul erects a monument after the expedition against the Amalekites (Шаблон:Bibleverse). Carmel is mentioned in Шаблон:Bibleverse as the place of Nabal's possessions, who was the husband of Abigail.[3][4]

Beside the agricultural importance of the site, Carmel had also a strategic importance because of it containing the only reliable natural spring of water in the immediate area,[1] which waters are collected in a man-made pool. Carmel, in relation to Maon, lies directly to its north, within close proximity.Шаблон:Dubious

Roman and Byzantine period

Файл:Avigail-Tel-Maon-Karmil-623.jpg
Man-made pool at Carmel (al-Karmil)

Mentioned in Eusebius' Onomasticon as a village "10 milestones east Шаблон:Sic of Hebron,"[5] the village housed a Roman garrison after the Bar Kochba revolt.[6][7] The Jewish settlement is thought to have prospered until the Persian army of Chosroes forced the Roman garrison of Heraclius' army to leave Palestine. With a lack of market for their wine, the Jewish settlement declined, with the synagogue finally being abandoned in the 9th century.

In the Byzantine era, around the 6th or 7th century CE, a church was built here, on the western side of the remains.[8][9][10] Outlines of a further two churches were uncovered to the immediate north and south.[11]

The abandoned synagogue, which still stands in the Palestinian town now known as al-Karmil, is one of the best preserved ancient synagogues in the West Bank.[12]

Файл:Avigail-Tel-Maon-Karmil-645.jpg
Man-made pool at Carmel (al-Karmil)

Crusader period

During the period of the Crusades in the 12-century CE, a castle was built at Carmel under the command of Renaud of Châtillon.[1][13] William of Tyre mentions Carmel as the camp of King Amalric in 1172.[2]

References

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Bibliography

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External links

Шаблон:Authority control

Партнерские ресурсы
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Разное

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 Amit (n.d.), pp. 226–228
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 Conder & Kitcherner (1883), p. 312
  3. ↑ Lozovyy (2006), s.v. 1 Samuel 16-25
  4. ↑ Calmet's Dictionary of the Holy Bible, 1832. p 280
  5. ↑ In typical old-style error of the use of quadrants to determine cardinal directions, as the actual location of Khirbet al-Karmil (Carmel) is south, southeast of Hebron, rather than due east.
  6. ↑ Chapmann III, et al. (2003), p. 66
  7. ↑ Epiphanius (1935), p. 77 (section 77)
  8. ↑ Rey (1871), pp. 102-104
  9. ↑ Mader (1918), pp. 177-185
  10. ↑ Pringle (1997), p. 61
  11. ↑ Bar (2003), pp.401-421; 413
  12. ↑ Murphy-O'Connor (2008), p. 351
  13. ↑ Ellenblum (2007), pp. 108, 254, 309
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