Английская Википедия:Carnarvonia araliifolia

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Carnarvonia araliifolia, commonly known as the red oak, red silky oak, Caledonian oak or elephant's foot, is the sole species in the monotypic genus Carnarvonia, a member of the Proteaceae plant family. It is endemic to the rainforests of northeastern Queensland.

Description

The red oak is a large tree growing to Шаблон:Convert or more in height, and it may have small rounded buttress roots. These may give the lower trunk the appearance of an elephant's foot, and are the source of one of the common names for the species.Шаблон:R The trunk bears numerous, closely spaced small lenticels.Шаблон:R

The large leaves are pedately compound and highly variable, having anything from 3 to 20 leaflets.Шаблон:R They range in size from Шаблон:Convert long, including the petiole.Шаблон:R The leaves are arranged alternately on the branches.Шаблон:R

The inflorescence is a panicle, produced either terminally, in the leaf axils, directly from the branches, or on the trunk. They develop between November and May.Шаблон:R

The fruit is a woody follicle measuring up to Шаблон:Convert long by Шаблон:Convert wide, with the pedicel attached at one side.Шаблон:R They contain one or two winged seeds up to Шаблон:Convert long overall.Шаблон:R

Taxonomy

This species was first described by the German-born Australian botanist Ferdinand von Mueller, from a specimen collected by John Dallachy in the forested mountains around Rockingham's Bay in Far North Queensland. He published the description in volume 6 of his massive work Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae in 1867.Шаблон:R

In 1995 the Australian botanist Bernard Hyland described a new variety of the species, C. a. var. montana, which was published in Flora of Australia volume 16. His description was based on a specimen he collected himself in 1972Шаблон:R

Phylogeny

The species has been placed in the subfamily Grevilleoideae because its cotyledons have auricles, which is unique to the subfamily.Шаблон:R

Etymology

The genus name Carnarvonia was given by Mueller to honour Henry Howard Molyneux Herbert, the Fourth Earl of Carnarvon.Шаблон:R The species epithet araliifolia is a combination of the genus Aralia and the Latin word folium, "leaf", and refers to the similarity of the leaves to those of some Aralia species.Шаблон:R

Distribution and habitat

The variety C. a. araliifolia is native to the coastal rainforests of north-eastern Queensland, from Cooktown south to Ingham, and from near sea level up to about Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:R The other, C. a. monticola, has a smaller range from the Windsor Tablelands in the north to the southern edge of the Atherton Tablelands, and in altitudes from Шаблон:Convert. Both varieties grow in well developed rainforestШаблон:R

Ecology

The fruits are eaten by Sulphur-crested cockatoos (Cacatua galerita) and cassowaries (Casuarius casuarius).Шаблон:R

Conservation

This species is listed by both the Queensland Department of Environment and Science and the IUCN as least concern.Шаблон:R

Uses

The timber of C. araliifolia has a rich red colour and is hard wearing. It has been used in house construction, especially for polished floors.Шаблон:R

Gallery

• Growing in Cairns Botanic Gardens

  Growing in Cairns Botanic Gardens

• Fruit

  Fruit

• Trunk

  Trunk

• Small rounded butresses

  Small rounded butresses

• Foliage

  Foliage

• Foliage

  Foliage

• Coumpound leaf, upper side, with 13 leaflets

  Coumpound leaf, upper side, with 13 leaflets

• Under side of leaf

  Under side of leaf

External links

• Шаблон:Wikispecies-inline
• Шаблон:Commons category-inline
• View a map of historical sightings of this species at the Australasian Virtual Herbarium
• View observations of this species on iNaturalist
• View images of this species on Flickriver