Английская Википедия:Casuarina cunninghamiana
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Speciesbox
Casuarina cunninghamiana, commonly known as river oak, river sheoak[1] or creek oak,[2] is a species of flowering plant in the family Casuarinaceae and is native to Australia and New Guinea. It is a tree with fissured and scaly bark, sometimes drooping branchlets, the leaves reduced to scales in whorls of 6 to 10, the fruit Шаблон:Cvt long containing winged seeds (samaras) Шаблон:Cvt long.
Description
Casuarina cunninghamiana is a dioecious tree that typically grows to a height of Шаблон:Cvt, has a DBH of Шаблон:Cvt. Its bark is finely fissured, scaly and greyish brown. The branchlets are often drooping, Шаблон:Cvt long, the leaves reduced to scale-like teeth Шаблон:Cvt long, arranged in whorls of 6 to 10 around the branchlets. The sections of branchlet between the leaf whorls (the "articles") are Шаблон:Cvt long and Шаблон:Cvt wide. The flowers on male trees are arranged in spikes Шаблон:Cvt long, the anthers Шаблон:Cvt long. The female cones are on a peduncle Шаблон:Cvt long and sparsely covered with soft hairs. Mature cones are usually Шаблон:Cvt long and Шаблон:Cvt in diameter, the samaras Шаблон:Cvt long.[1][2][3]
Taxonomy
Casuarina cunninghamiana was first formally described in 1848 by Friedrich Miquel in his book Revisio critica Casuarinarum from specimens collected by Allan Cunningham near Moreton Bay.[4] The specific epithet (cunninghamiana) honours the collector of the type specimens.[2]
In 1989, Lawrie Johnson and Alex George described subsp. miodon in the Flora of Australia, and the name, and that of the autonym are accepted by the Australian Plant Census:
- Casuarina cunninghamiana Miq. subsp. cunninghamiana[5] is a tree to Шаблон:Cvt, the articles Шаблон:Cvt long with 8 to 10 teeth.[6][7]
- Casuarina cunninghamiana subsp. miodon L.A.S.Johnson[8] is a tree to Шаблон:Cvt, the articles Шаблон:Cvt long with 6 or 7 teeth.[9]
Distribution and habitat
This casuarina mainly grows in pure stands in open forest on the banks of freshwater rivers and streams in Australia and New Guinea.[2][10][11]
Subspecies cunninghamiana occurs from Laura, Chillagoe and Augathella in Queensland to Condobolin and Narrandera in New South Wales, and the Australian Capital Territory.[1][2][7] Subspecies miodon occurs between the Daly River in the north of the Northern Territory to the Gulf of Carpentaria in Queensland.[9][12]
Uses
River oak is widely recognised as an important tree for stabilising riverbanks and for soil erosion prevention accepting wet and dry soils. The foliage is quite palatable to stock.[2]
Invasive species
Casuarina cunninghamiana is an invasive species in the Everglades in Florida[13] and in South Africa.[14]
References
Шаблон:Taxonbar Шаблон:Authority control
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 7,0 7,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 9,0 9,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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- Flora of the Australian Capital Territory
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- Taxa named by Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel
- Plants described in 1848
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