Английская Википедия:Cedar Creek (Indiana)

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Файл:Indiana, Cedar Creek near the St. Joseph River.jpg
Cedar Creek near the confluence with the St. Joseph River
Файл:Cedar Creek Indiana.jpg
Cedar Creek: Scenic River Segment
Файл:Vandalia RR Bridge 2001.jpg
Abandoned Vandalia Railroad bridge over a channelized portion of Cedar Creek in Auburn, February 2001.

Cedar Creek (from Шаблон:Lang-pot)[1] is the largest tributary of the St. Joseph River, draining Шаблон:Convert in the Eastern Corn Belt Plains of northeastern Indiana. It is Шаблон:Convert long,[2] rising in northwestern DeKalb County and joining the St. Joseph just below the Cedarville Dam in Allen County.

Origins and history

Upper Cedar Creek originated as an ice-marginal channel at the western edge of the Erie Lobe of the Wisconsin Glacier and formed a single stream with the southwest-flowing Eel River which connected to the Wabash River. Lower Cedar Creek was a tributary of the ancestral Eel, carrying glacial meltwater under the ice through a tunnel valley known today as Cedar Creek Canyon.[3] Blockage of the Eel's channel by outwash from the canyon and a decline in the volume of meltwater caused lower Cedar Creek to reverse its flow. In so doing, it captured the flow of the upper Eel, a classic example of stream piracy that shifted Cedar Creek's drainage (about 175,000 acres) from the Eel-Wabash system to that of the St. Joseph-Maumee.[4]

Once a meandering stream, upper Cedar Creek was channelized (straightened and deepened) in the early 20th century for agricultural and urban drainage, which has increased the watershed's vulnerability to erosion and contaminated runoff. Once home to 27 species of freshwater mussel, Cedar Creek has experienced a drastic decline in mussel population since the 1980s.[5]

Course

Cedar Creek originates at Indian Lake (41º27'51" N 85º10'11" W), northwest of Corunna, Indiana, and comes into formal existence downstream at Cedar Lake.[6] Its DeKalb County section flows east-southeast from Indian Lake, loops around Waterloo, passes through Auburn, then angles southwest until it enters Allen County, where it is crossed by Indiana State Road 327 south of Garrett before turning back to the southeast toward Leo-Cedarville.

Lower Cedar Creek, from river mile 13.7 to its confluence with the St. Joseph, is officially designated as an "Outstanding State Resource Water" [7] and is one of four streams in Indiana's Natural, Scenic and Recreational Rivers system.[8]

Tributaries

  • (left) Willow Creek[9]
    • (left) Kell Ditch[10]
    • (left) Willow Creek Ditch[11]
      • (left) Willow Creek Branch[12]
      • (right) Hatch Ditch[13]
    • (right) Krumlauf Branch[14]
  • (left) Yant Ditch[15]
  • (left) Little Cedar Creek[20]
    • (left) Black Creek[21]
    • (left) Hinkley Ditch[26]
    • (left) outflow from King Lake[27]
    • (left) Yarde Ditch[28]
    • (left) Sycamore Creek[29]
  • (right) Schmadel Ditch[30]
  • (right) Dosch Ditch[31]
  • (left) Garrett City Ditch[32]
  • (left) Diehl Ditch[33]
    • (right) Peckhart Ditch[34]
      • (left) Ober Ditch[35]
  • (right) W Smith Ditch[36]
  • (right) Matson Ditch[37]
  • (left) Swartz Ditch[38]
  • (right) Dibbling Ditch[39]
  • Cedar Lake[40]

See also

Шаблон:Portal

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Coord

Шаблон:Authority control

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  2. ↑ U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. The National Map Шаблон:Webarchive, accessed May 19, 2011
  3. ↑ Water Resource Availability in the Maumee River Basin, Indiana, Water Resource Assessment 96-5, Indianapolis:Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water, 1996, pp. 46-47.
  4. ↑ Sunderman, Jack A., "The Three Faces of Cedar Creek," ACRES Quarterly, v. 39, no. 4 (Fall 2000), pp. 6-7.
  5. ↑ United States Geological Survey, What Makes a Healthy Environment for Native Freshwater Mussels? Fact Sheet 124-00 (October 2000). Шаблон:Webarchive
  6. ↑ Cedar Creek Wildlife Project
  7. ↑ 327 Indiana Administrative Code 2-1.5-19
  8. ↑ 312 Indiana Administrative Code 7-2-3
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  17. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  18. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  19. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  22. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  23. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  24. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  25. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  26. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  27. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  28. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  29. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  30. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  31. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  32. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  33. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  34. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  35. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  36. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  37. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  38. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  39. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  40. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  41. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  42. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
  43. ↑ Шаблон:Gnis
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