Английская Википедия:Central Polish Electoral Committee

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The Central Polish Electoral Committee (Шаблон:Lang-lt, LCRK; Шаблон:Lang-pl, CPKW) was a political party in interwar Lithuania representing the Polish minority. The committee was organized in March 1920 and was the only ethnic minority party to win seats in all four democratic elections to the Seimas.

History

Constituent Assembly

The Polish Electoral Committee was established in February 1920, but only obtained registration a month later.Шаблон:Sfn Three deputies were elected to the Constituent Assembly in 1920 from the list of the Polish Electoral Committee: Шаблон:Ill, Jan Krasowski and Roman Zaremba. The latter two resigned in favour of the priest Шаблон:Ill and the worker Antoni Śnielawski in order to make Polish representation more democratic.Шаблон:Sfn

On 19 June 1921 Polish deputies prepared the a letter to the League of Nations, in which they voiced their complaints about the mistreatment of the Polish minority in Lithuania: the falsification of election results, the removal of the Polish language from public life, efforts to liquidate Polish private property, etc.Шаблон:Sfn The filing of the complaint caused a stir in the Seimas, and at a special meeting on 6 July 1921 Polish deputies were accused of treason and provocation.Шаблон:Sfn The leader of the Christian Democrats, priest Mykolas Krupavičius, called the Poles "the lice of our Lithuanian nation".Шаблон:Sfn A quarrel ensued, Antoni Śnielewski was beaten, while Шаблон:Ill threw a chair at Laus injuring him.Шаблон:Sfn In the absence of a response, Polish deputies did not take part in the work of parliament until the end of the term in protest.Шаблон:Sfn

First Seimas

In August 1922 the Central Polish Electoral Committee (CPKW) was established, headed by Eugeniusz Romer and Шаблон:Ill.Шаблон:Sfn There was also a second Polish electoral list put up by Polish workers' and peasants' activists. Both lists won 54,000 votes and six seats in the October 1922 elections.Шаблон:Sfn However, due to a change in electoral law made after the elections, four seats were taken away from the Poles. As a result, only Laus from the CPKW and Шаблон:Ill from the Workers' List entered the First Seimas.Шаблон:Sfn However, in protest Polish deputies did not take part in the proceedings. The only session they attended was the last one, at which the government of Ernestas Galvanauskas collapsed.Шаблон:Sfn

Second Seimas

Before the next elections in May 1923 Laus was arrested and exiled to the Biržai district; he was allowed to return to Kaunas only after the elections. He was also banned from running for the Seimas by Bishop Pranciškus Karevičius.Шаблон:Sfn The CPKW won three seats, held by Wiktor Budzyński, Bolesław Lutyk and Wincenty Rumpel. Together with workers' representative Kazimierz Wołkowycki, they formed the Polish faction, which often cooperated with German and Jewish deputies.Шаблон:Sfn After the new government was formed in 1924, Polish deputies were removed from committee work.Шаблон:Sfn

Third Seimas

The atmosphere before the May 1926 elections was extremely tense, with Polish pre-election meetings being broken up and Polish candidates being beaten by Lithuanian militias.Шаблон:Sfn The CPKW won three seats, held by Wiktor Budzyński, Bolesław Lutyk and Jan Bucewicz. Together with workers' representative Tomasz Giżyński, they again formed the Polish faction.Шаблон:Sfn

The Polish faction supported the leftist government of Mykolas Sleževičius, who in return for its support promised concessions and greater freedoms for the Polish minority.Шаблон:Sfn The concessions to the Polish population, above all the reopening of Polish schools, enraged the opposition. It was, however, one of the causes of the December 1926 coup d'état that brought President Antanas Smetona to power.Шаблон:Sfn Despite this, CPKW deputies supported Smetona's election as president.Шаблон:Sfn However, in April 1927 they supported the opposition's motion for a vote of no confidence in the new government which led to the dissolution of the Third Seimas.Шаблон:Sfn

Election results

Election	Votes	%	Seats	+/–	Status
1920	29,156	4.3%	Шаблон:Composition bar	Шаблон:Steady	Шаблон:No2
1922	32,849	4.05%	Шаблон:Composition bar	Шаблон:Decrease 2	Шаблон:No2
1923	50,064	5.55%	Шаблон:Composition bar	Шаблон:Increase 2	Шаблон:No2
1926	31,349	3.08%	Шаблон:Composition bar	Шаблон:Steady
Source: Lietuvos statistikos metraštis 1924–1926, Nohlen & Stöver

Elected members of the Seimas

Lithuanian name	Polish name	Year elected
		1920	1922	1923	1926
Janas Bucevičius	Jan Bucewicz				1926Шаблон:Sfn
Viktoras Budzinskis	Wiktor Budzyński			1923	1926Шаблон:Sfn
Adolfas Grajevskis	Adolf Grajewski	1920Шаблон:Sfn
Bronislavas Liausas	Bronisław Laus	1920Шаблон:Sfn	1922Шаблон:Sfn
Boleslavas Liutikas	Bolesław Lutyk			1923	1926Шаблон:Sfn
Vincentas Rumpelis	Wincenty Rumpel			1923Шаблон:Sfn
Antanas Šnielevskis	Antoni Śnielawski	1920Шаблон:Sfn

Bibliography

• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book