Английская Википедия:Cessna 182 Skylane

The Cessna 182 Skylane is an American four-seat, single-engined light airplane built by Cessna of Wichita, Kansas. It has the option of adding two child seats in the baggage area.

Introduced in 1956, the 182 has been produced in a number of variants, including a version with retractable landing gear, and is the second-most popular Cessna model still in production after the 172.

Development

The Cessna 182 was introduced in 1956 as a tricycle gear variant of the 180. In 1957, the 182A variant was introduced along with the name Skylane. As production continued, later models were improved regularly with features such as a wider fuselage, swept tailfin with rear "omni-vision" window, enlarged baggage compartment, higher gross weights, landing gear changes, etc. The "restart" aircraft built after 1996 were different in many other details including a different engine, new seating design, etc.Шаблон:Citation needed

By mid-2013, Cessna planned to introduce the next model of the 182T, designated the JT-A, using the Шаблон:Convert SMA SR305-230 diesel engine running on Jet-A with a burn rate of Шаблон:Convert per hour and cruise at Шаблон:Convert.^[1]^[2] Cessna has no timeline for the JT-A.^[3] The normally aspirated, avgas-fueled 182 went out of production in 2012, but came back in 2015.^[4]

Cessna 182s were also built in Argentina by DINFIA, as the A182, and in France by Reims Aviation, as the F182.

Design

The Cessna 182 is an all-metal (mostly aluminum alloy) aircraft, although some parts – such as engine cowling nosebowl and wingtips – are made of fiberglass or thermoplastic material. Its wing has the same planform as the smaller Cessna 172 and the larger 205/206 series; however, some wing details, such as flap and aileron design, are the same as the 172 and are not like the 205/206 components.

Retractable gear

The retractable gear R182 and TR182 were offered from 1978 to 1986, without and with engine turbocharging, respectively. The model designation nomenclature differs from some other Cessna models with optional retractable gear. For instance, the retractable version of the Cessna 172 was designated as the 172RG, whereas the retractable gear version of the Cessna 182 is the R182. Cessna gave the R182 the marketing name of "Skylane RG".^[5]

The R182 and TR182 offer 10-15% improvement in climb and cruise speeds over their fixed-gear counterparts, or alternatively, 10-15% better fuel economy at the same speeds at the expense of increased maintenance costs and decreased gear robustness. The 1978 R182 has a sea-level climb rate of 1140 ft/min and cruising speed (75% BHP) at Шаблон:Convert of 156 KTAS at standard temperature.^[6]

The landing-gear retraction system in the Skylane RG uses hydraulic actuators powered by an electrically driven pump. The system includes a gear position warning that emits an intermittent tone through the cabin speaker when the gear is in the retracted position and either the throttle is reduced below about 12 inHg manifold pressure MAP) or the flaps are extended beyond 20°. In the event of a hydraulic pump failure, the landing gear may be lowered using a hand pump to pressurize the hydraulic system. The system does not, however, allow the landing gear to be manually retracted.^[6]

Variants

182: Initial production version with fixed landing gear, four-seat light aircraft, powered by a carbureted Шаблон:Convert Continental O-470-L piston engine, gross weight Шаблон:Convert and certified on 2 March 1956.^[5]
182A Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a carbureted Шаблон:Convert Continental O-470-L piston engine, gross weight Шаблон:Convert and certified on 7 December 1956^[5]
182B Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a carbureted Шаблон:Convert Continental O-470-L piston engine, gross weight Шаблон:Convert and certified on 22 August 1958^[5]
182C Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a carbureted Шаблон:Convert Continental O-470-L piston engine, gross weight Шаблон:Convert and certified on 8 July 1959^[5]
182D Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a carbureted Шаблон:Convert Continental O-470-L piston engine, gross weight Шаблон:Convert and certified on 14 June 1960^[5]
182E Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a carbureted Шаблон:Convert Continental O-470-L or O-470-R piston engine, gross weight Шаблон:Convert and certified on 27 June 1961^[5]
182F Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a carbureted Шаблон:Convert Continental O-470-L] or O-470-R piston engine, gross weight Шаблон:Convert and certified on 1 August 1962.^[5]
182G Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a carbureted Шаблон:Convert Continental O-470-L or O-470-R piston engine, gross weight Шаблон:Convert and certified on 19 July 1963^[5]
182H Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a carbureted Шаблон:Convert Continental O-470-R piston engine, gross weight Шаблон:Convert and certified on 17 September 1964^[5]
182J Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a carbureted Шаблон:Convert Continental O-470-R piston engine, gross weight Шаблон:Convert and certified on 20 October 1965.^[5]
182K Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a carbureted Шаблон:Convert Continental O-470-R piston engine, gross weight Шаблон:Convert and certified on 3 August 1966.^[5]
182L Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a carbureted Шаблон:Convert Continental O-470-R piston engine, gross weight Шаблон:Convert and certified on 28 July 1967.^[5]
182M Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a carbureted Шаблон:Convert Continental O-470-R piston engine, gross weight Шаблон:Convert and certified on 19 September 1968^[5] An experimental version of this model had a full cantilever wing.^[7]
182N Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a carbureted Шаблон:Convert Continental O-470-R or O-470-S piston engine, gross weight Шаблон:Convert for takeoff and Шаблон:Convert for landing, certified on 17 September 1969^[5]
Шаблон:Visible anchor: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a carbureted Шаблон:Convert Continental O-470-R or O-470-S piston engine, gross weight Шаблон:Convert and certified on 8 October 1971.^[5]
182Q Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a carbureted Шаблон:Convert Continental O-470-U piston engine, gross weight Шаблон:Convert and certified on 28 July 1976^[5] Significant changes were a change to a 24-V electrical system in model year 1978 at s/n 18265966 and a change from bladder to wet-wing fuel tanks in model year 1979 at s/n 18266591.Шаблон:Citation needed
182R Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a carbureted Шаблон:Convert Continental O-470-U piston engine, gross weight of Шаблон:Convert for takeoff and Шаблон:Convert for landing. Certified on 29 August 1980.^[5] This variant, along with the 182Q, can alternatively be equipped with the jet fuel burning SMA SR305-230 Diesel engine.
182S Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a fuel-injected Шаблон:Convert Lycoming IO-540-AB1A5 piston engine, gross weight of Шаблон:Convert for takeoff and Шаблон:Convert for landing, certified on 3 October 1996^[5]
182T Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a fuel-injected Шаблон:Convert Lycoming IO-540-AB1A5 piston engine, gross weight of Шаблон:Convert for takeoff and Шаблон:Convert for landing, certified on 23 February 2001, and as of July 2015, it is the only variant in production.^[5]^[8]
Шаблон:Visible anchor: Four-seat light aircraft with retractable landing gear, powered by a Шаблон:Convert Lycoming O-540-J3C5D piston engine, gross weight Шаблон:Convert and certified on 7 July 1977.^[5]
T182: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a turbocharged Шаблон:Convert Lycoming O-540-L3C5D, piston engine, gross weight of Шаблон:Convert for takeoff and Шаблон:Convert for landing, certified on 15 August 1980.^[5]
T182T Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a turbocharged and fuel-injected Шаблон:Convert Lycoming TIO-540-AK1A piston engine, gross weight of Шаблон:Convert for takeoff and Шаблон:Convert for landing, certified on 23 February 2001.^[5] It was produced from 2001 to 2013, with production forecast to commence again in 2023.^[9]
TR182 Turbo Skylane RG: Four-seat light aircraft with retractable landing gear, powered by a turbocharged Шаблон:Convert Lycoming O-540-L3C5D piston engine, gross weight Шаблон:Convert and certified on 12 September 1978.^[5]
T182JT-A Turbo Skylane JT-A: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a Шаблон:Convert SMA SR305-230 diesel engine, it burns Шаблон:Convert per hour of Jet-A fuel and cruises at Шаблон:Convert. The model was first flown in May 2013, and as of July 2015, FAA certification is on hold indefinitely.^[8] Originally introduced as the Turbo Skylane NXT, Cessna changed the name to avoid confusion with the Remos NXT.^[2]^[10]^[11]
Robertson STOL 182: An aftermarket 182 STOL conversion certified in 1967 that changes the leading edge shape and aileron controls and lowers the stall speed below Шаблон:Convert.^[12]

Operators

Civil users

The 182 is used by a multitude of civil operators, cadet organizations, and flight schools worldwide.

Government operators

Шаблон:ARG

Argentine Federal Police - one A182L from 2001 is still in service for training as of 2020.^[13]

Шаблон:BEL

Federal Police^[14]

Шаблон:CAN

Transport Canada – one, sold in 2010^[15]

Шаблон:US

Civil Air Patrol – used for inland and coastal search and rescue, homeland security support, and airborne communications repeater service^[16]
Federal Bureau of Investigation - at least 27 used as surveillance aircraft equipped with optical, infrared and cellphone ELINT equipment^[17]^[18]^[19]

Military operators

Шаблон:AFG

Afghan Air Force^[20]

Шаблон:ARG

Army Aviation^[21]

Шаблон:AUT

Austrian Air Force - 2x Cessna 182 A/B

Шаблон:BLZ

Belize Defence Force Air Wing^[22]

Шаблон:CAN

Canadian Army – 5 × L-182, retired 1970^[23]^[24]

Шаблон:ECU

Ecuadorian Army – 4^[21]

Шаблон:SLV

Air Force of El Salvador^[21]^[24]

Шаблон:GUA^[24]
Шаблон:IDN

Indonesian Air Force – 2x Cessna 182T^[25]

Шаблон:MEX

Mexican Air Force Received 73 during 1999–2000^[26]

Шаблон:UAE

United Arab Emirates Air Force^[21]^[24]

Шаблон:URY

Uruguayan Air Force^[21]^[24]

Шаблон:VEN

Specifications (Cessna 182T)

Шаблон:Multiple image

Шаблон:Aircraft specs

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

External links

Шаблон:Commons category

Cessna Skylane manufacturer's website
Cessna 182 Skylane at Airliners.net
Details of most 182 models at PilotFriend.com
182 Model History – Cessna Pilots Association

Шаблон:Cessna 140 family Шаблон:Cessna Шаблон:Authority control

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↑ ^6,0 ^6,1 Шаблон:Cite book
↑ Phillips, Edward H: Wings of Cessna, Model 120 to the Citation III, Flying Books, 1986. Шаблон:ISBN
↑ ^8,0 ^8,1 Шаблон:Cite news
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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↑ Rivas 2020, pp. 80–81
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↑ ^21,0 ^21,1 ^21,2 ^21,3 ^21,4 ^21,5 Taylor, Michael: Encyclopedia of Modern Military Aircraft, page 67. Bison Books, 1987. Шаблон:ISBN
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ ^24,0 ^24,1 ^24,2 ^24,3 ^24,4 ^24,5 Krivinyi, Nikolaus: World Military Aviation, page 148. Arco Publishing Co, 1977. Шаблон:ISBN
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Simpson Air International May 2000, p. 296.
↑ Шаблон:Cite web

[aopa2012-1] Шаблон:Cite journal

[Grady22Jul12-2] 2,0 ^2,1 Шаблон:Cite news

[avw2015-05-3] Шаблон:Cite web

[fly2015-05-14-4] Шаблон:Cite news

[3A13-5] 5,00 ^5,01 ^5,02 ^5,03 ^5,04 ^5,05 ^5,06 ^5,07 ^5,08 ^5,09 ^5,10 ^5,11 ^5,12 ^5,13 ^5,14 ^5,15 ^5,16 ^5,17 ^5,18 ^5,19 ^5,20 ^5,21 ^5,22 ^5,23 Шаблон:Cite web

[1978_R182_POH-6] 6,0 ^6,1 Шаблон:Cite book

[Phillips-7] Phillips, Edward H: Wings of Cessna, Model 120 to the Citation III, Flying Books, 1986. Шаблон:ISBN

[AOPA_news-8] 8,0 ^8,1 Шаблон:Cite news

[O'Connor10Feb22-9] Шаблон:Cite web

[JTA-10] Шаблон:Cite web

[Pew22May13-11] Шаблон:Cite news

[12] Шаблон:Cite journal

[13] Rivas 2020, pp. 80–81

[14] Шаблон:Cite web

[TCCAR-15] Шаблон:Cite web

[16] Шаблон:Cite web

[17] Шаблон:Cite web

[18] Шаблон:Cite web

[19] Шаблон:Cite web

[20] Шаблон:Cite web

[TaylorM-21] 21,0 ^21,1 ^21,2 ^21,3 ^21,4 ^21,5 Taylor, Michael: Encyclopedia of Modern Military Aircraft, page 67. Bison Books, 1987. Шаблон:ISBN

[22] Шаблон:Cite web

[23] Шаблон:Cite web

[Krivinyi-24] 24,0 ^24,1 ^24,2 ^24,3 ^24,4 ^24,5 Krivinyi, Nikolaus: World Military Aviation, page 148. Arco Publishing Co, 1977. Шаблон:ISBN

[25] Шаблон:Cite web

[26] Simpson Air International May 2000, p. 296.

[27] Шаблон:Cite web

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Английская Википедия:Cessna 182 Skylane

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