Английская Википедия:Chahartaq (architecture)

Содержание

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Refimprove Chartaq (Шаблон:Lang-fa), chahartaq (Шаблон:Lang), chartaqi (Шаблон:Lang), or chahartaqi (Шаблон:Lang), literally meaning "having four arches", is an architectural unit consisted of four barrel vaults and a dome.

History

Chartaqi was a prominent element in Iranian architecture, having various functions and used in both secular and religious contexts for 1,500 years, with the first instance apparently being developed in the Sasanian city of Gor (Firuzabad) in 210s AD by King Ardashir I. The biggest instance of chahartaq is that of the so-called Palace of Shapur I at Bishapur, also in Pars. Many pre-Islamic chahartaqs have survived, but they are usually just the sole surviving structure of a much bigger complex. The chahartaq structure was adopted in Islamic architecture.

A related concept is čahārqāpū (Шаблон:Lang).

• Baze Hoor fire temple, Arsacid period

  Baze Hoor fire temple, Arsacid period

• Chahartaqi of the Zahhak Castle, Arsacid period

  Chahartaqi of the Zahhak Castle, Arsacid period

• Chartaqi of Neyasar at Neyasar, Kashan, Iran. Late Arsacid or early Sassanian era. It is one of the few intact chartaqis.

  Chartaqi of Neyasar at Neyasar, Kashan, Iran. Late Arsacid
  or early Sassanian era. It is one of the few intact chartaqis.

• Chahartaqi of Kheirabad, Sassanian period

  Chahartaqi of Kheirabad, Sassanian period

• Chahartaq in Sarab, East Azerbaijan Province. Sassanian period

  Chahartaq in Sarab, East Azerbaijan Province. Sassanian period

• Ateshgah of Baku. Many pre-Islamic chartaqis were part of a fire temple

  Ateshgah of Baku. Many pre-Islamic chartaqis were part of a fire temple

• Fire Temple of Amol

  Fire Temple of Amol

• Bahram fire temple

  Bahram fire temple

• Chartaqi of Karchan

  Chartaqi of Karchan

• Chahartaqi of Konarsiyah

  Chahartaqi of Konarsiyah

• Chartaq on top of the Harpak fire temple in Abyaneh

  Chartaq on top of the Harpak fire temple in Abyaneh

• A chahartaq as a small mausoleum, with a grave inside, near Isfahan, 1840 drawing by Eugène Flandin

  A chahartaq as a small mausoleum, with a grave inside, near Isfahan, 1840 drawing by Eugène Flandin

• Samanid Mausoleum

  Samanid Mausoleum

• Tomb of Ahmed Sanjar

  Tomb of Ahmed Sanjar

• Sabil ablution fountain at Mosque of Ibn Tulun, Cairo, Egypt

  Sabil ablution fountain at Mosque of Ibn Tulun, Cairo, Egypt

• Tomb of Ali Barid Ali barid Shah, Bidar, India

  Tomb of Ali Barid Ali barid Shah, Bidar, India

• "Kiosk-mosque" at Sultan Han caravanserai, Turkey (Seljuq period) (see also Tetrapylon)

  "Kiosk-mosque" at Sultan Han caravanserai, Turkey (Seljuq period) (see also Tetrapylon)

• Saint Gregory the Illuminator Cathedral, Yerevan, Armenia

  Saint Gregory the Illuminator Cathedral, Yerevan, Armenia

Contemporary architecture

The main plan of the post-modern Azadi Tower in Tehran is said to be influenced by the architecture of chartaqis.

• Azadi Tower

  Azadi Tower

• Monument of Molla Hossein Kashefi, Sabzevar, built in 1974. The post-modern design has incorporated the concepts of chahartaqi and iwans.

  Monument of Molla Hossein Kashefi, Sabzevar, built in 1974.
  The post-modern design has incorporated the concepts
  of chahartaqi and iwans.

• Scholars Pavilion (the Scholars Chartagi) in Vienna, a chahartaqi with elements from the architecture of Persepolis

  Scholars Pavilion (the Scholars Chartagi) in Vienna, a
  chahartaqi with elements from the architecture of Persepolis

• A sample of modern Islamic architecture - The mosque of international conferences center - Isfahan

  A sample of modern Islamic architecture - The mosque of international conferences center - Isfahan

See also

• Chartaque
• Chhatri
• Fire temple
• Iwan
• Pavilion
• Kiosk
• Tetrapylon
• Triumphal arch
• Ka'be-ye Zartosht