Английская Википедия:Chang'e 6

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox spaceflight

Chang'e 6 (Шаблон:Zh) is a planned robotic Chinese lunar exploration mission that has been officially announced for the first half of 2024 and is expected to launch around May 2024. It will attempt China's second sample return mission.[1] The mission will attempt to obtain the first-ever soil and rock samples from the lunar far side and return it to the Earth; the primary phase of the mission is expected to last about 53 days.[1] Like its predecessors, the spacecraft is named after the Chinese moon goddess Chang'e.

Overview

The Chinese Lunar Exploration Program is designed to be conducted in four[2] phases of incremental technological advancement: The goal of the first phase is to reach lunar orbit, this was completed by Chang'e 1 in 2007 and by Chang'e 2 in 2010. The second phase seeks to land and rove on the Moon, a feat that was accomplished by Chang'e 3 in 2013 and by Chang'e 4 in 2019. The third phase involves the collection of lunar samples and sending them to Earth, first completed by Chang'e 5 in 2020 and planned for the Chang'e 6 mission. The fourth phase consists of the development of a robotic research station near the Moon's south pole.[2][3][4] The program aims to facilitate crewed lunar landings in the 2030s and possibly build a crewed outpost near the lunar south pole.[5]

Unlike the Chang'e 5 mission which returned in excess of 1.73 kilograms of material from the northern hemisphere of the lunar near side, the Chang'e 6 mission will attempt to land and return material from the southern hemisphere of the lunar far side. Specifically, the landing segment of the Chang'e 6 mission will target the southern portion of the Apollo crater which itself lies within the larger South Pole-Aitkin (SPA) impact basin on the lunar far side; it is hoped that samples collected from the target area may include lunar mantle material ejected by the original impact that created the SPA basin. The mission's lander will endeavor to collect up to two kilograms of lunar far-side material including surface soil and rocks (using a scoop) and subsurface samples (using a drill).[1]

Mission architecture

Chang'e 6 was built as a copy and backup of Chang'e 5.[6] The mission is reported to consist of four modules: the lander will collect about Шаблон:Cvt of samples from Шаблон:Convert below the surface[7] and place them in an attached ascent vehicle to be launched into lunar orbit. The ascent vehicle will then make a fully autonomous and robotic rendezvous and dock with an orbiter where the samples will be robotically transferred into a sample-return capsule for their delivery to Earth.[8][9] The estimated launch mass is Шаблон:Cvt—the lander is projected to be Шаблон:Cvt and the ascent vehicle is about Шаблон:Cvt.[10][8][11]

Science payloads

In October 2018, Chinese officials announced that they will call for international partners to propose an additional payload up to Шаблон:Cvt to be included in this mission.[12] In November 2022 it was announced that the mission would carry payloads from four international partners:[13]

  • a French instrument called DORN (Detection of Outgassing Radon) to study the transport of lunar dust and other volatiles between the lunar regolith and the lunar exosphere, including the water cycle;[14]
  • an Italian instrument called INRRI (INstrument for landing-Roving laser Retroreflector Investigations) consisting in a passive laser retro-reflector to be used for laser range-finding of the lander, similar to those used on the Schiaparelli and InSight missions;
  • the Swedish NILS (Negative Ions on Lunar Surface), an instrument to detect and measure negative ions reflected by the lunar surface;[15]
  • the Pakistani ICECUBE-Q cubesat, to detect ice traces on the lunar surface.

Launch

The probe is expected to be launched by a Long March 5 rocket around May 2024, from Wenchang Satellite Launch Center on Hainan Island. CNSA has announced it for the first half of 2024.[1]

See also

Шаблон:Portal

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Moon spacecraft Шаблон:Lunar landers Шаблон:CLEP Шаблон:Chinese spacecraft Шаблон:Future spaceflights

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок sn20240110 не указан текст
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 Chang'e 4 press conference. CNSA, broadcast on 14 January 2019.
  3. ↑ China's Planning for Deep Space Exploration and Lunar Exploration before 2030. (PDF) XU Lin, ZOU Yongliao, JIA Yingzhuo. Space Sci., 2018, 38(5): 591–592. Шаблон:Doi
  4. ↑ A Tentative Plan of China to Establish a Lunar Research Station in the Next Ten Years. Zou, Yongliao; Xu, Lin; Jia, Yingzhuo. 42nd COSPAR Scientific Assembly. Held 14–22 July 2018, in Pasadena, California, USA, Abstract id. B3.1-34-18.
  5. ↑ China lays out its ambitions to colonize the moon and build a "lunar palace". Echo Huang, Quartz. 26 April 2018.
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 Future Chinese Lunar Missions. David R. Williams, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Accessed on 30 November 2018.
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  10. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок GSP CH5-6 не указан текст
  11. ↑ China well prepared to launch Chang e-5 lunar probe in 2017: top scientist. China Academy of Space Technology (CAST). 25 October 2016.
  12. ↑ China invites international cooperation in Chang'e-6 Moon sample return mission Шаблон:Webarchive. Andrew Jones, "GB Times". 1 October 2018.
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite tweet
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
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