Английская Википедия:Chaos magic

Шаблон:Chaos magic Шаблон:Magic sidebar Chaos magic, also spelled chaos magick,Шаблон:Sfnp Шаблон:Sfnp is a modern tradition of magic.Шаблон:Sfnp Emerging in England in the 1970s as part of the wider neo-pagan and esotericist subculture,Шаблон:Sfnp it drew heavily from the occult beliefs of artist Austin Osman Spare, expressed several decades earlier.Шаблон:Sfnp It has been characterised as an invented religion,Шаблон:Sfnp with some commentators drawing similarities between the movement and Discordianism.Шаблон:Sfnp Шаблон:Sfnp Magical organizations within this tradition include the Illuminates of Thanateros and Thee Temple ov Psychick Youth.

The founding figures of chaos magic believed that other occult traditions had become too religious in character.Шаблон:Sfnp They attempted to strip away the symbolic, ritualistic, theological or otherwise ornamental aspects of these occult traditions, to leave behind a set of basic techniques that they believed to be the basis of magic.Шаблон:Sfnp Шаблон:Sfnp

Chaos magic teaches that the essence of magic is that perceptions are conditioned by beliefs, and that the world as we perceive it can be changed by deliberately changing those beliefs.Шаблон:Sfnp Chaos magicians subsequently treat belief as a tool, often creating their own idiosyncratic magical systems and frequently borrowing from other magical traditions, religious movements, popular culture and various strands of philosophy.Шаблон:Sfnp

Hugh Urban has described chaos magic as a union of traditional occult techniques and applied postmodernism Шаблон:Sfnp – particularly a postmodernist skepticism concerning the existence or knowability of objective truth.Шаблон:Sfnp Namely, according to him, chaos magic rejects the existence of absolute truth, and views all occult systems as arbitrary symbol-systems that are only effective because of the belief of the practitioner.Шаблон:Sfnp

History

Origins and influences (1900–1982)

Шаблон:Further

Файл:Austin Osman Spare.jpg

Austin Osman Spare in 1904. His ideas formed the basis of chaos magic.

Austin Osman Spare's work in the early to mid 1900s is largely the source of chaos magical theory and practice.Шаблон:Sfnp Шаблон:Sfnp Specifically, Spare developed the use of sigils and the use of gnosis to empower them.Шаблон:Sfnp Шаблон:Sfnp Although Spare died before chaos magic emerged, he has been described as the "grandfather of chaos magic".Шаблон:Sfnp Working during much the same period as Spare, Aleister Crowley's publications also provided a marginal yet early and ongoing influence, particularly for his syncretic approach to magic and his emphasis on experimentation and deconditioning.Шаблон:Sfnp Later, concurrent with the growth of religions such as Wicca in the 1950s and 1960s, different forms of magic became more common, some of which came in "explicitly disorganized, radically individualized, and often quite 'chaotic' forms".Шаблон:Sfnp In the 1960s and the decade that followed, Discordianism, the punk movement, postmodernism and the writings of Robert Anton Wilson emerged, and they were to become significant influences on the form that chaos magic would take.Шаблон:Sfnp Шаблон:Sfnp

During the mid-1970s chaos magic appeared as "one of the first postmodern manifestations of occultism",Шаблон:Sfnp built on the rejection of a need to adhere to a "single, systematized convention",Шаблон:Sfnp and aimed at distilling magical practices down to a result-oriented approach rather than following specific practices based on tradition.Шаблон:Sfnp An oft quoted line from Peter Carroll is "Magic will not free itself from occultism until we have strangled the last astrologer with the guts of the last spiritual master."Шаблон:Sfnp

Peter J. Carroll and Ray Sherwin are considered to be the founders of chaos magic, although Phil Hine points out that there were others "lurking in the background, such as the Stoke Newington Sorcerors".Шаблон:Sfnp Carroll was a regular contributor to The New Equinox, a magazine edited by Sherwin, and thus the two became acquainted.Шаблон:Sfnp Шаблон:Sfnp

In 1976-77 the first chaos magic organization Illuminates of Thanateros (IOT) was announced.Шаблон:Sfnp The following year, 1978, was a seminal year in the origin of chaos magic, seeing the publication of both Liber Null by Carroll and The Book of Results by Sherwin – the first published books on chaos magic.Шаблон:Sfnp

According to Carroll, "When stripped of local symbolism and terminology, all systems show a remarkable uniformity of method. This is because all systems ultimately derive from the tradition of Shamanism. It is toward an elucidation of this tradition that the following chapters are devoted.Шаблон:Sfnp

Development and spread (1982–1994)

New chaos magic groups emerged in the early 1980s – at first, located in Yorkshire, where both Sherwin and Carroll were living. The early scene was focused on a shop in Leeds called The Sorceror's Apprentice, owned by Chris Bray. Bray also published a magazine called The Lamp of Thoth, which published articles on chaos magic, and his Sorceror's Apprentice Press re-released both Liber Null and The Book of Results, as well as issuing Psychonaut and The Theatre of Magic.Шаблон:Sfnp The "short-lived" Circle of Chaos, which included Dave Lee, was formed in 1982.Шаблон:Sfnp The rituals of this group were published by Paula Pagani as The Cardinal Rites of Chaos in 1985.Шаблон:Sfnp

Ralph Tegtmeier (Frater U∴D∴), who ran a bookshop in Germany and was already practicing his own brand of "ice magick", translated Liber Null into German.Шаблон:Sfnp Tegtmeier was inducted into the IOT in the mid-1980s, and later established the German section of the order.Шаблон:Sfnp

As chaos magic spread, people from outside Carroll and Sherwin's circle began publishing on the topic. Phil Hine, along with Julian Wilde and Joel Biroco, published a number of books on the subject that were particularly influential in spreading chaos magic techniques via the internet.Шаблон:Sfnp

In 1981, Genesis P-Orridge established Thee Temple ov Psychick Youth (TOPY).Шаблон:Sfnp P-Orridge had studied magic under William S. Burroughs and Brion Gysin in the 1970s, and was also influenced by Aleister Crowley and Austin Osman Spare, as well as the psychedelic movement.Шаблон:Sfnp Шаблон:Sfnp TOPY practiced chaos magic alongside their other activities, and helped raise awareness of chaos magic in subcultures like the Acid House and Industrial music scenes.Шаблон:Sfnp Along with being an influence on P-Orridge, Burroughs was himself inducted into the IOT in the early 1990s.Шаблон:Sfnp

Pop culture: (1994–2000s)

From the beginning, chaos magic has had a tendency to draw on the symbolism of pop culture in addition to that of traditional magical systems; the rationale being that all symbol systems are equally arbitrary, and thus equally valid – the belief invested in them being the thing that matters.Шаблон:Sfnp The symbol of chaos, for example, was lifted from the fantasy novels of Michael Moorcock.Шаблон:Sfnp

Preluded by Kenneth Grant – who had studied with both Crowley and Spare, and who had introduced elements of H.P. Lovecraft's fictional Cthulhu mythos into his own magical writingsШаблон:Sfnp – there was a trend for chaos magicians to perform rituals invoking or otherwise dealing with entities from Lovecraft's work, such as the Great Old Ones. Hine, for example, published The Pseudonomicon (1994), a book of Lovecraftian rites.Шаблон:Sfnp

From 1994 to 2000, Grant Morrison wrote The Invisibles for DC Comics' Vertigo imprint, which has been described by Morrison as a "hypersigil": "a dynamic miniature model of the magician's universe, a hologram, microcosm or 'voodoo doll' which can be manipulated in real time to produce changes in the macrocosmic environment of 'real' life."Шаблон:Sfnp Both The Invisibles and the activities of Morrison themself were responsible for bringing chaos magic to a much wider audience in the late 1990s and early 2000s, with the writer outlining their views on chaos magic in the "Pop Magic!" chapter of A Book of Lies (2003)Шаблон:Sfnp and a Disinfo Convention talk. Шаблон:Sfnp

Morrison's particular take on chaos magic exemplified the irreverent, pop cultural elements of the tradition, with Morrison arguing that the deities of different religions (Hermes, Mercury, Thoth, Ganesh, etc.) are nothing more than different cultural "glosses" for more universal "big ideas"Шаблон:Sfnp – and are therefore interchangeable: both with each other, and with other pop culture icons like The Flash, or Metron, or Madonna.Шаблон:Sfnp

Post-chaos magic: 2010s

Alan Chapman – whilst praising chaos magic for "breathing new life" into Western occultism, thereby saving it from "being lost behind a wall of overly complex symbolism and antiquated morality" – has also criticised chaos magic for its lack of "initiatory knowledge": i.e., "teachings that cannot be learned from books, but must be transmitted orally, or demonstrated", present in all traditional schools of magic.Шаблон:Sfnp

Beliefs, core concepts, and practices

Belief as a tool

The central defining tenet of chaos magic is arguably the idea that belief is a tool for achieving effects.Шаблон:Sfn In chaos magic, complex symbol systems like Qabalah, the Enochian system, astrology or the I Ching are treated as maps or "symbolic and linguistic constructs" that can be manipulated to achieve certain ends but that have no absolute or objective truth value in themselves. Шаблон:Fact Religious scholar Hugh Urban notes that chaos magic's "rejection of all fixed models of reality" reflects one of its central tenets: "nothing is true everything is permitted".Шаблон:Sfnp

Both Urban and religious scholar Bernd-Christian Otto trace this position to the influence of postmodernism on contemporary occultism.Шаблон:Sfnp Шаблон:Sfn Another influence comes from Spare, who believed that belief itself was a form of "psychic energy" that became locked up in rigid belief structures, and that could be released by breaking down those structures. This "free belief" could then be directed towards new aims.Шаблон:Fact Otto has argued that chaos magic "filed away the whole issue of truth, thus liberating and instrumentalising individual belief as a mere tool of ritual practice."Шаблон:Sfn

Magical paradigm shifting

Peter J. Carroll suggested assigning different worldviews to the sides of a die, and then inhabiting a particular random paradigm for a set length of time (a week, a month, a year, etc.), depending on which number is rolled. For example, 1 might be paganism, 2 might be monotheism, 3 might be atheism, and so on.Шаблон:Sfnp

Phil Hine has stated that the primary task here is "to thoroughly decondition" the aspiring magician from "the mesh of beliefs, attitudes and fictions about self, society, and the world" that his or her ego associates with:

Our ego is a fiction of stable self-hood which maintains itself by perpetuating the distinctions of "what I am/what I am not, what I like/what I don't like", beliefs about ones politics, religion, gender preference, degree of free will, race, subculture etc all help maintain a stable sense of self.Шаблон:Sfnp

Cut-up technique

The cut-up technique is an aleatory literary technique in which a written text is cut up and rearranged, often at random, to create a new text. The technique can also be applied to other media: film, photography, audio recordings, etc. It was pioneered by Brion Gysin and William S. Burroughs.Шаблон:Sfnp

Burroughs – who practiced chaos magic, and was inducted into the Illuminates of Thanateros in the early 1990s – was adamant that the technique had a magical function, stating "the cut ups are not for artistic purposes".Шаблон:Sfnp Burroughs used his cut-ups for "political warfare, scientific research, personal therapy, magical divination, and conjuration"Шаблон:Sfnp – the essential idea being that the cut-ups allowed the user to "break down the barriers that surround consciousness".Шаблон:Sfnp Burroughs stated:

I would say that my most interesting experience with the earlier techniques was the realization that when you make cut-ups you do not get simply random juxtapositions of words, that they do mean something, and often that these meanings refer to some future event. I've made many cut-ups and then later recognized that the cut-up referred to something that I read later in a newspaper or a book, or something that happened... Perhaps events are pre-written and pre-recorded and when you cut word lines the future leaks out.Шаблон:Sfnp

David Bowie compared the randomness of the cut-up technique to the randomness inherent in traditional divinatory systems, like the I Ching or Tarot.Шаблон:Sfnp

Genesis P-Orridge, who studied under BurroughsШаблон:Fact described it as a way to "identify and short circuit control, life being a stream of cut-ups on every level. They are a means to describe and reveal reality and the multi-faceted individual in which/from which reality is generated."Шаблон:Sfnp

References

Citations

Шаблон:Reflist

Works cited

Шаблон:Refbegin

Шаблон:Refend

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты	Обмен криптовалют - www.bestchange.ru Криптовалютная биржа CoinEx Криптовалютная биржа Binance HIVE OS - операционная система для майнинга e4pool - Мультивалютный пул для майнинга.
Магазины	AliExpress — глобальная виртуальная (в Интернете) торговая площадка, предоставляющая возможность покупать товары производителей из КНР; computeruniverse.net - Интернет-магазин компьютеров(Промо код 5 Евро на первую покупку:FWWC3ZKQ);
Хостинг	DigitalOcean - американский провайдер облачных инфраструктур, с главным офисом в Нью-Йорке и с центрами обработки данных по всему миру;
Разное	Викиум - Онлайн-тренажер для мозга Like Центр - Центр поддержки и развития предпринимательства. Gamersbay - лучший магазин по бустингу для World of Warcraft. Ноотропы OmniMind N°1 - Усиливает мозговую активность. Повышает мотивацию. Улучшает память. Санкт-Петербургская школа телевидения - это федеральная сеть образовательных центров, которая имеет филиалы в 37 городах России. Lingualeo.com — интерактивный онлайн-сервис для изучения и практики английского языка в увлекательной игровой форме. Junyschool (Джунискул) – международная школа программирования и дизайна для детей и подростков от 5 до 17 лет, где ученики осваивают компьютерную грамотность, развивают алгоритмическое и креативное мышление, изучают основы программирования и компьютерной графики, создают собственные проекты: игры, сайты, программы, приложения, анимации, 3D-модели, монтируют видео. Умназия - Интерактивные онлайн-курсы и тренажеры для развития мышления детей 6-13 лет SkillBox - это один из лидеров российского рынка онлайн-образования. Среди партнеров Skillbox ведущий разработчик сервисного дизайна AIC, медиа-компания Yoola, первое и самое крупное русскоязычное аналитическое агентство Tagline, онлайн-школа дизайна и иллюстрации Bang! Bang! Education, оператор PR-рынка PACO, студия рисования Draw&Go, агентство performance-маркетинга Ingate, scrum-студия Sibirix, имидж-лаборатория Персона. «Нетология» — это университет по подготовке и дополнительному обучению специалистов в области интернет-маркетинга, управления проектами и продуктами, дизайна, Data Science и разработки. В рамках Нетологии студенты получают ценные теоретические знания от лучших экспертов Рунета, выполняют практические задания на отработку полученных навыков, общаются с экспертами и единомышленниками. Познакомиться со всеми продуктами подробнее можно на сайте https://netology.ru, линейка курсов и профессий постоянно обновляется. StudyBay Brazil – это онлайн биржа для португалоговорящих студентов и авторов! Студент получает уникальную работу любого уровня сложности и больше свободного времени, в то время как у автора появляется дополнительный заработок и бесценный опыт. Автор24 — самая большая в России площадка по написанию учебных работ: контрольные и курсовые работы, дипломы, рефераты, решение задач, отчеты по практике, а так же любой другой вид работы. Сервис сотрудничает с более 70 000 авторов. Более 1 000 000 работ уже выполнено. StudyBay – это онлайн биржа для англоязычных студентов и авторов! Студент получает уникальную работу любого уровня сложности и больше свободного времени, в то время как у автора появляется дополнительный заработок и бесценный опыт.

Английская Википедия:Chaos magic

Содержание