Английская Википедия:Charles Combes
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox person
Charles Pierre Mathieu Combes (26 December 1801 – 11 January 1872) was a French engineer. He was Inspector-General of Mines and the Director of the School of Mines in Paris. His name is on the Eiffel Tower.[1]
Biography
Early life
Charles-Pierre-Mathieu Combes was born on 26 December 1801 in Cahors. His father was a senior policeman named Pierre Combes Mathieu. He joined the Ecole Polytechnique before the usual starting age of seventeen on 1 September 1817 and completed his studies in 1820 when he was admitted to the School of Mines. Combes completed the three-year course in just two years. He graduated on 1 July 1822.[2]
Career
In 1825 he became a teacher of mathematics at the Ecole de Saint-Etienne, a post he held for two years. He then worked in industry but returned to the Saint-Etienne school in 1827 and stayed until 1831.
In 1832 he started at the School of Mines in Paris.
Combes' wife Louise Pauline (born Bousquet) died young in 1841.[3] Шаблон:Wide image
As the manager of the Firminy colliery, Combes took a special interest in the question of underground mine ventilation at which he became an expert and which, according to A. de Lapparent, Шаблон:Quote
Combes took an interest in his students. A young Marcel Deprez failed to complete the course at the School of Mines. He must have made a good impression as he was employed as Combes' secretary.[4] Deprez went on to show that electricity could be transmitted over long distances.
He has been recognised as a model of what is now called a consultant engineer. He was called on to arbitrate in disputes. He ruled on the ventilation of the mines in Belgium as well as advising foundries and collieries.[5]
In 1868 he chaired the General Council of Mines.
Death
Combes died in Paris in 1872 and left a son and two daughters. One of his daughters married the chemist Charles Friedel.[5] He was buried with his wife, Louise Pauline. Pierre Antoine Combes (1831–72) shares the same grave.[3]
Awards
He was given a number of honours. By degree on 16 August 1860, Combes achieved the rank of Commander in France's Legion of Honour awards system.[6] In 1868, he was awarded the Italian Commander of the Order of St. Maurice and Lazarus and he was made a Commander of the Order of Leopold of Belgium.[5]
Legacy
Combes was one of seventy-two people whom Gustav Eiffel chose as people who had made his achievement of building the Eiffel Tower possible. Combes is number fifty in this list.[1] His name is on the side opposite the military academy.[7]
References
Шаблон:Commons category Шаблон:Reflist
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Hydraulic Engineering Legends listed on the Eiffel Tower, Hubert Chanson, docstoc.com, accessed April 2010
- ↑ Eulogy, Speech on his tomb, Annales.org, in French, accessed April 2010
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 Charles Combes Шаблон:Webarchive, lachaise.net, accessed April 2010
- ↑ The Engine Indicator Шаблон:Webarchive, John Walters, Chapter 8, p.8-20
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 5,2 Charles Combes Шаблон:Webarchive, quercy.net, accessed April 2010
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web Alt URL
- ↑ Names on the tower Шаблон:Webarchive, tour-eiffel.fr, accessed April 2010
- Английская Википедия
- 1801 births
- 1872 deaths
- French engineers
- Commanders of the Legion of Honour
- Members of the French Academy of Sciences
- Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery
- École Polytechnique alumni
- People from Cahors
- Commanders of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus
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