Английская Википедия:Charlotte River (Michigan)
Шаблон:Other uses Шаблон:Infobox river
The Charlotte River is a tributary of the St. Marys River in the state of Michigan in the United States. The stream is Шаблон:Convert long[1] and drains an area of Шаблон:Convert[2] on the eastern Upper Peninsula. Via the St. Marys River, it is part of the watershed of Lake Huron. Via Lake Huron and the Great Lakes system, it is part of the larger watershed of the St. Lawrence River.
Course
The river's entire length and watershed are in eastern Chippewa County. As defined by the United States Geological Survey's National Hydrography Dataset, the river begins in southeastern Dafter Township, approximately Шаблон:Convert south-southeast of the unincorporated community of Dafter. It flows for most of its length in Bruce Township, initially northeastward before turning southeastward at the unincorporated locality of Rosedale. It flows into the West Neebish Channel of the St. Marys River, opposite the northern end of Neebish Island and approximately Шаблон:Convert southeast of Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan.[3]
Some maps show the river's course upstream of Rosedale as the South Branch Charlotte River, with the name "Charlotte River" upstream of this point assigned to a southeastward flowing tributary.[4][5] In the National Hydrography Dataset, this tributary appears only as an unnamed stream.[3]Шаблон:Efn "South Branch Charlotte River" is also listed in the Geographic Names Information System as a variant name.[6]
The National Hydrography Dataset lists one named tributary in the Charlotte River watershed, Spring Creek,[7] a right tributary approximately Шаблон:Convert long.[1]
Near its mouth the river flows through Michigan State University's Dunbar Forest Experiment Station, an off-campus forest management research area.[3][8][9]
Watershed characteristics
The Charlotte River watershed consists of two HUC-12 subwatersheds, as defined by the United States Geological Survey:[2]
| Name | HUC-12 code | Area |
|---|---|---|
| Headwaters Charlotte River | 040700010203 | Шаблон:Convert |
| Charlotte River | 040700010204 | Шаблон:Convert |
In addition to Dafter and Bruce townships, the Charlotte River also drains a small portion of Soo Township.[3] The watershed is located in a predominantly rural region, much of which has been drained for agriculture, logging, and development. Soils in the region are primarily poorly drained clays over limestone and dolomite bedrock. On average, the region receives approximately Шаблон:Convert of precipitation annually, and there is usually heavy snow cover in the winter.[10] Runoff from artesian wells contributes to the turbidity that is typical of the region's streams.[11][12]
According to a 2012 report prepared for the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, the watershed had an estimated population of 3,451 as of the 2010 U.S. Census.Шаблон:Efn There were an estimated 1,562 households, all of which were serviced by onsite sanitary disposal systems. Land use in the Charlotte River watershed was reported as follows:[10]
| Land use | Percentage | Area |
|---|---|---|
| Forests | 27% | Шаблон:Convert |
| Wetlands | 25% | Шаблон:Convert |
| Cropland | 24% | Шаблон:Convert |
| Pasture | 18% | Шаблон:Convert |
| Low-intensity development and open space | 3% | Шаблон:Convert |
| Grassland | 3% | Шаблон:Convert |
| Bare land | 0.4% | Шаблон:Convert |
| High- and medium-intensity development | 0.4% | Шаблон:Convert |
| Open water | 0.08% | Шаблон:Convert |
See also
Notes
References
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data from The National Map Шаблон:Webarchive, accessed 2016-10-13 and viewed in ArcMap.
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset, area data covering Charlotte River watershed (12-digit Hydrologic Unit Codes 040700010203 and 040700010204), viewed in The National Map Шаблон:Webarchive, accessed 2016-10-13.
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 The National Map Шаблон:Webarchive, accessed 2016-10-13.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite map
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite map
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокGNISне указан текст - ↑ Шаблон:GNIS
- ↑ Шаблон:GNIS
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 10,0 10,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
