Английская Википедия:Chaudière River

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:For Шаблон:Infobox river

The Chaudière River (French for "Cauldron" or "Boiler"; Abenaki: Kik8ntekw[1][2]) is a Шаблон:Convert river with its source near the Town of Lac-Mégantic, in southeast Quebec, Canada. From its source Lake Mégantic in the Estrie region, it runs northwards to flow into the St. Lawrence River opposite Quebec City.

Geography

The river's drainage area is Шаблон:Convert, initially in the Appalachian Mountains, then in the low-lands of the St. Lawrence, and include 236 lakes covering Шаблон:Convert and approximately 180,000 inhabitants. Its annual medium flow at the station of Saint-Lambert-de-Lauzon is Шаблон:Convert, varying from Шаблон:Convert (low water) to Шаблон:Convert (spring high water), with historical maximum of Шаблон:Convert.

Its principal tributaries are:

The river's basin has nearly 50 percent of the faunal richness of Quebec, namely 330 out of 653 vertebrate species known in the province can be found there.

The river, and the Шаблон:Convert Chaudière Falls which it passes over, are popular outdoor recreation areas.

Municipalities crossed

Its course crosses the regional county municipalities (MRC) of:

Left bank of the Chaudière river (from the confluence):

Right bank of the Chaudière river (from the confluence):

History

The Abenaki Nation, whose homeland Ndakinna encompasses the river and Chaudière Falls, call it "Kik8ntekw" or "Kikonteku", meaning "River of the Fields." On the charts of Samuel de Champlain, it was given the name "Etchemin River" (a name now used for another river whose drainage area borders with that of the Chaudière River). It was called "Rivière du Sault de la Chaudière" for a period of time before it became simply "Rivière Chaudière" towards the end of the 18th century. This name translates as boiler and refers to the waterfall close to its mouth.

Its location was strategic for French colonization during the 18th century, because the river was a natural link between New France and the British colonies to the south. It was also used by Benedict Arnold at the time of his 1775 expedition in the invasion of Quebec.

In 1823, gold was found along its shores in the Eastern Townships of Quebec.[3]

On 6 July 2013 the Lac-Mégantic derailment caused a major oil spill which contaminated the river at its source at Lac Mégantic.[4] Downstream communities such as Saint-Georges (Шаблон:Convert to the northeast) were forced to obtain potable water from alternate sources and residents asked to limit their water consumption.[5] Floating barriers were installed in an attempt to contain the contamination.

Description

The Chaudière Valley largely crosses the Quebec region of Beauce. It has shaped its industries and its way of life, particularly in spring when its overflows during snowmelt in inhabited areas are frequent, despite its course regulated by 160 dams and retaining dikes. The river runs through several towns and villages in the region, including Saint-Ludger, Saint-Gédéon-de-Beauce, Saint-Martin, Saint-Georges, Notre-Dame-des-Pins, Beauceville, Saint-Joseph-de-Beauce, Vallée-Jonction and Sainte-Marie, Quebec.

The river is a prime site for outdoor activities, particularly near lac Mégantic and Chutes-de-la-Chaudière park. Located near the mouth of the river, in Lévis, this park offers hiking and cycling trails as well as a footbridge suspended over the river, which offers a viewpoint on the fall, Шаблон:Convert high. The fall was harnessed for its hydro-electric potential in 1901, but was destroyed in 1970. The dam was rebuilt in 1999 on the remains of the old installations, and supplies a small hydro-electric plant of Шаблон:Convert. [6]

Gallery

List of bridges

Sleepers Photo Municipality (ies) Year of construction Road Length Bridge type
Bridge 16179 Lake Mégantic Frontenac Street Steel girder bridge
Railway bridge Файл:RiviereChaudiere4.jpg Lake Mégantic Central Maine and Quebec Railway Steel girder bridge
Bridge 18952 Lake Mégantic Papineau Street Precast prestressed concrete girder bridge
Bridge Lake Mégantic Québec Central Trail
Bridge 10965 Lake Mégantic 2005 [7] Файл:Qc161.svg Route 161 Шаблон:Convert[7] Steel girder bridge[7]
Bridge 13899 Lac-Drolet and Audet 1969 [8] Main path Шаблон:Convert[8] Precast prestressed concrete girder bridge[8]
Soucy Bridge Saint-Ludger 1958 [9] Pont Street Шаблон:Convert[9] Reinforced concrete girder bridge[9]
Bridge Saint-Martin 2009 Multifunctional trail Suspended walkway
Bridge 13967 Файл:Avenue du Pont Saint-Martin.jpg Saint-Martin 1970 [10] Файл:Qc269.svg Route 269 Шаблон:Convert[10] Steel girder bridge[10]
Sartigan dam Файл:Barrage Sartigan 13.jpg Saint-Georges 1967 Barrage-Sartigan road Concrete-gravity dam
David-Roy Bridge Файл:Debacle St-georgesBeauce.jpg Saint-Georges 1970 [11] Файл:Qc271.svg Route 271 Шаблон:Convert[11] Steel girder bridge[11]
Passerelle de la Seigneurie Файл:Passerelle à Saint-Georges (Québec).jpg Saint-Georges Cycle path of the Domaine de la Seigneurie Steel girder walkway
Manac footbridge Saint-Georges Cycle path of the Domaine de la Seigneurie Steel girder walkway
Canam-Boa Franc Gateway Saint-Georges Cycle path of the Domaine de la Seigneurie Steel girder walkway
Bridge 13921 Notre-Dame-des-Pins 1969 [12] 30th Street Шаблон:Convert[12] Precast prestressed concrete girder bridge[12]
Pont Perrault Файл:Pont Perrault (Québec) 15.jpg Notre-Dame-des-Pins 1929 Cycle lane Шаблон:Convert Covered bridge
Desjardins Gateway Файл:Passerelle Île Ronde (Beauceville) 04.jpg Beauceville 2008 Cycle lane Шаблон:Convert Steel lifting gangway
Pont Fortin Файл:Le pont de Beauceville - panoramio.jpg Beauceville 1980 [13] Файл:Qc108.svg Route 108 Шаблон:Convert[13] Steel box girder bridge[13]
Bridge 00793 Saint-Joseph-de-Beauce and Saint-Joseph-des-Érables 1908 [14] Файл:Qc276.svg Route 276 Шаблон:Convert[14] Lower steel deck bridge[14]
Bridge 18298 Vallée-Jonction Quebec Central Railway Steel lower deck bridge
Bridge 00814 Vallée-Jonction 1938 [15] Файл:Qc112.svg Route 112 Шаблон:Convert[15] Lower steel deck bridge[15]
Bridge 10861 Sainte-Marie 2003 [16] Файл:Qc216.svg Route 216 Шаблон:Convert[16] Steel girder bridge[16]
Family Bridge-Beshro Sainte-Marie 2015 [17] Multifunctional trail Шаблон:Convert[17] Cable-stayed gangway
Scott's Bridge Scott 1995 [18] Файл:Qc171.svg Route 171 Шаблон:Convert[18] Steel girder bridge[18]
Bridge 03994 Saint-Lambert-de-Lauzon 1960 [19] Файл:Qc218.svg Route 218 Шаблон:Convert[19] Steel girder bridge[19]
Bridge 14760 Lévis 1976 [20] Файл:Quebec Autoroute 73.svg Autoroute 73 Шаблон:Convert [20] Precast prestressed concrete girder bridge[20]
Bridge 14761 Lévis 1975 [21] Файл:Quebec Autoroute 73.svg Autoroute 73 Шаблон:Convert[21] Precast prestressed concrete girder bridge[21]
Railway bridge Lévis Canadian National Steel girder bridge
Chutes-de-la-Chaudière footbridge Файл:Parc des Chutes-de-la-Chaudière 04.jpg Lévis Cycle lane Шаблон:Convert Suspension bridge
Bridge 04011S Lévis 1965 [22] Файл:Quebec Autoroute 20.svg Autoroute 20 Шаблон:Convert[22] Bridge with upper deck in reinforced concrete[22]
Bridge 04011N Lévis 1967 [23] Файл:Quebec Autoroute 20.svg Autoroute 20 Шаблон:Convert [23] Bridge with upper deck in reinforced concrete[23]
Bridge 13887 Файл:A-73 - Chaudiere.jpg Lévis 1960 [24] Файл:Quebec Autoroute 73.svg Autoroute 73 Шаблон:Convert [24] Steel girder bridge [24]
Railway bridge Lévis Canadian National Steel girder bridge
Bridge 16928 Lévis 2010 [25] Файл:Qc132.svg Файл:Qc175.svg Route 132 and 175 Шаблон:Convert[25] Steel crutch bridge[25]

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Commons category

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ Law-West, Don. "Gold", in The Canadian Encyclopedia (Edmonton: Hurtig Publishing, 1988), Volume 2, p.908.
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 7,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 8,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ 9,0 9,1 9,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  10. ↑ 10,0 10,1 10,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  11. ↑ 11,0 11,1 11,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  12. ↑ 12,0 12,1 12,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  13. ↑ 13,0 13,1 13,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  14. ↑ 14,0 14,1 14,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  15. ↑ 15,0 15,1 15,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  16. ↑ 16,0 16,1 16,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  17. ↑ 17,0 17,1 Шаблон:Cite news
  18. ↑ 18,0 18,1 18,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  19. ↑ 19,0 19,1 19,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  20. ↑ 20,0 20,1 20,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  21. ↑ 21,0 21,1 21,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  22. ↑ 22,0 22,1 22,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  23. ↑ 23,0 23,1 23,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  24. ↑ 24,0 24,1 24,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  25. ↑ 25,0 25,1 25,2 Шаблон:Cite web
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