Английская Википедия:Chelmsford (UK Parliament constituency)

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Chelmsford is a constituency in Essex represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2017 by Vicky Ford of the Conservative Party.

History

Formally named as the Mid or Chelmsford Division of Essex, the seat was one of eight single-member divisions of Essex (later classified as county constituencies) created by the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, replacing the three two member divisions of East, South and West Essex. It continued in existence, gradually being reduced in geographic size as additional seats were created in Essex, until it was briefly abolished for the 1997 general election following the Fourth Periodic Review of Westminster Constituencies, when it was abolished and replaced by parts of two new constituencies: Maldon and East Chelmsford and West Chelmsford. It was re-established for the 2010 general election as a Borough Constituency by the Fifth Periodic Review.

During its latter years, the old seat was narrowly won by a Conservative over strong Liberal Democrat performances, including their predecessor party the Liberal Party. Historically, the constituency has on occasion been referred to as 'Mid Essex', especially in the early part of the 20th Century.

At its first contest in 2010, the re-established seat was closely fought by the Conservatives and the Liberal Democrats, who finished less than 10% apart, with Conservative candidate Simon Burns (the former MP for West Chelmsford) being elected. Labour polled 11%, despite having been only around 100 votes behind the Liberal Democrats in West Chelmsford in 2005, and even taking second place in 2001. Labour regained second place for the 2015 and 2017 elections but were overtaken again by the Liberal Democrats in 2019.

Boundaries and boundary changes

1885–1918

• The Sessional Divisions of Brentwood (except the parishes of Rainham and Wennington) and Chelmsford.

Formed from parts of the abolished West (Chelmsford), and South Divisions, (Brentwood and Billericay).

1918–1945

• The Borough of Chelmsford;
• The Urban District of Brentwood
• The Rural Districts of Chelmsford and Ongar: and
• The Rural District of Billericay parishes of Hutton, Ingrave, Mountnessing, Shenfield, and South Weald.

Gained eastern part of the Epping Division, including Chipping Ongar. The south-western corner, including Upminster, was transferred to Romford and southernmost parts, including the town of Billericay, to the South-Eastern Division.

Файл:Chelmsford1918.png

Chelmsford in Essex, showing boundaries used from 1918 to 1945

1945–1950

• The Borough of Chelmsford;
• The Urban District of Brentwood; and
• The Rural Districts of Chelmsford and Ongar.

Minor changes following the reorganisation of local authorities, involving the abolition of the Rural District of Billericay and the expansion of the Urban District of Brentwood.

Файл:Chelmsford1945.png

Chelmsford in Essex, showing boundaries used from 1945 to 1950

1950–1955

• The Borough of Chelmsford; and
• The Rural Districts of Chelmsford and Ongar.

Brentwood transferred to Romford.

1955–1974

• The Borough of Chelmsford; and
• The Rural District of Chelmsford.

The Rural District of Ongar included in the new constituency of Chigwell.

1974–1983

• The Borough of Chelmsford; and
• The Rural District of Chelmsford parishes of Danbury, East Hanningfield, Great Baddow, Highwood, Ingatestone and Fryerning, Little Baddow, Margaretting, Mountnessing, Rettendon, Runwell, Sandon, South Hanningfield, Stock, West Hanningfield, and Woodham Ferrers.

Northern parts of the Rural District of Chelmsford transferred to the new constituency of Braintree.

1983–1997

• The Borough of Chelmsford wards of All Saints, Baddow Road, Boreham and Springfield, Cathedral, Danbury and Sandon, East and West Hanningfield, Galleywood, Goat Hall, Great Baddow Village, Highwood and Margaretting, Little Baddow, Mildmays, Moulsham Lodge, Oaklands, Patching Hall, Rothmans, St Andrew's, Stock, The Lawns, and Waterhouse Farm.

Gained the Boreham and Springfield ward from Braintree. Two parishes (Ingatestone and Fryerning, and Mountnessing), included in the District of Brentwood under the Local Government Act 1972, were transferred to Brentwood and Ongar. South-eastern areas, including South Woodham Ferrers, were included in the new constituency of Rochford.

For the 1997 general election the constituency was abolished. Northern and western areas forming the majority of the new constituency of West Chelmsford; eastern areas included in the new constituency of Maldon and East Chelmsford; and a small area in the south included in the constituency of Rayleigh.

2010–present

• The City of Chelmsford wards of Chelmer Village and Beaulieu Park, Galleywood, Goat Hall, Great Baddow East, Great Baddow West, Marconi, Moulsham and Central, Moulsham Lodge, Patching Hall, St Andrew's, Springfield North, The Lawns, Trinity, and Waterhouse Farm.

Following the Boundary Commission's Fifth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies in 2007, Parliament re-established Chelmsford as a borough constituency for the 2010 general election. For the previous three elections the constituency had been split in two halves and included more surrounding rural settlements. A majority of the electorate for this new constituency came from the previous West Chelmsford constituency. A smaller element (Great Baddow and Galleywood) came from the Maldon & East Chelmsford constituency.

The new constituency coincides with the built-up area which comprises the City of Chelmsford.

Proposed

Further to the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, enacted by the Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023, the composition of the constituency from the next general election, due by January 2025, will be reduced to meet the electorate size requirements, with the transfer to Maldon of the Galleywood ward to the south of the city.

Members of Parliament

Election	Member	Party
1885	William Beadel	Шаблон:Party name with colour
1892 by-election	Thomas Usborne	Шаблон:Party name with colour
1900	Sir Carne Rasch, Bt	Шаблон:Party name with colour
1908 by-election	E. G. Pretyman	Шаблон:Party name with colour
1918		Шаблон:Party name with colour
1922		Шаблон:Party name with colour
1923	Sydney Robinson	Шаблон:Party name with colour
1924	Henry Curtis-Bennett	Шаблон:Party name with colour
1926 by-election	Charles Howard-Bury	Шаблон:Party name with colour
1931	Sir Vivian Henderson	Шаблон:Party name with colour
1935	John Macnamara	Шаблон:Party name with colour
1945 by-election	Ernest Millington	Шаблон:Party name with colour
1946		Шаблон:Party name with colour
1950	Sir Hubert Ashton	Шаблон:Party name with colour
1964	Norman St John-Stevas	Шаблон:Party name with colour
1987	Simon Burns	Шаблон:Party name with colour
1997	Constituency abolished – see West Chelmsford, Maldon and Chelmsford East, Rayleigh
2010	Constituency recreated
	Sir Simon Burns	Шаблон:Party name with colour
2017	Vicky Ford	Шаблон:Party name with colour

Elections

Elections in the 2020s

Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link

Шаблон:Election box end

Elections in the 2010s

* Served in the 2005–2010 Parliament as MP for West Chelmsford

Elections in the 1940s

Шаблон:Election box begin Шаблон:Election box winning candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box majority Шаблон:Election box turnout Шаблон:Election box gain with party link Шаблон:Election box end Шаблон:Election box begin Шаблон:Election box winning candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box majority Шаблон:Election box turnout Шаблон:Election box gain with party link Шаблон:Election box end General Election 1939–40:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place from 1939 and by the end of this year, the following candidates had been selected;

• Conservative: John Macnamara
• Labour: Mary Day

See also

• List of parliamentary constituencies in Essex

References

Specific

Craig, F. W. S. (1983). British parliamentary election results 1918–1949 (3 ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. Шаблон:ISBN.

General

Sources

• F. W. S. Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1974 – 1983
• The Times Guide to the House of Commons 1983, 1987 & 1992

External links

• nomis Constituency Profile for Chelmsford — presenting data from the ONS annual population survey and other official statistics.