Английская Википедия:Chelonoidis niger chathamensis
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Subspeciesbox
Chelonoidis niger chathamensis, commonly known as the Chatham Island giant tortoise or the San Cristóbal giant tortoise, is a subspecies of Galápagos tortoise endemic to San Cristóbal Island in the Galápagos.[1]
Population history
The subspecies was heavily exploited and eliminated over much of its original range. Trampling of nests by feral donkeys, and the predation of hatchlings by feral dogs decimated populations, but the breeding program has led to successful releases.
Fencing of nests and dog eradication in the 1970s helped in the population recovery.[2]
Their population is thought to have dropped to as low as 500-700 individuals in the 1970s, and was around 24,000 prior to human contact. In a census conducted in November 2016, the population was found to be making a rapid recovery. A total of around 6,700 individuals were found, with around 2,700 mature adults and 3,750 juveniles.[1]
Breeding centers such as the Galapaguera of Cerro Colorado were established in order to encourage captive reproduction of the endangered Galapagos tortoise. They were then released in their areas of origin to recover the wild populations.[3]
Description
It has a wide, black shell, its shape intermediate between the saddle-backed and domed subspecies: adult males are rather saddle-backed, but females and young males are wider in the middle and more domed. A now-extinct, more flat-shelled form occurred throughout the wetter and higher regions of the island most altered by man when the island was colonized. The type specimen was from this extinct population, so it is possible that the subspecies currently designated C. n. chathamensis is mistakenly applied.[4]
References
- Van Denburgh, 1907 : Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences to the Galapagos Islands, 1905–1906. I. Preliminary descriptions of four new races of gigantic land tortoises from the Galapagos Islands. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, ser. 4, Шаблон:Vol., Шаблон:P. (Full text).
Шаблон:Testudinidae Шаблон:Taxonbar
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокiucn status 19 November 2021не указан текст - ↑ Cayot 1994. Conservation biology of Galápagos reptiles: twenty-five years of successful research and management. In: J. B. Murphy, K. Adler, and J. T. Collins (eds.). Captive Management and Conservation of Amphibians and Reptiles, pp. 297–305. Ithaca, New York: Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. Contributions to Herpetology. vol. 11. Шаблон:ISBN.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Citation
- Английская Википедия
- Chelonoidis
- Subspecies
- Taxa named by John Van Denburgh
- Endemic reptiles of the Galápagos Islands
- Reptiles described in 1907
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