Английская Википедия:Chen Zhi (Three Kingdoms)
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox officeholder Шаблон:Family name hatnote
Chen Zhi (died 28 September 258),Шаблон:Efn courtesy name Fengzong, was an official of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period of China. He is mostly known for his association with the infamous Huang Hao that allowed him to dominate the imperial court, however he was also described as extremely talented and in favour of both, Fei Yi and Liu Shan.
Life
Chen Zhi was born in Runan Commandery (Шаблон:Lang), which is present-day Pingyu County, Henan. He was a maternal grandson of an elder brother of Xu Jing, who briefly served as Minister over the Masses of the state of Shu during the early Three Kingdoms period. As he was orphaned at a young age, he was raised by his granduncle Xu Jing.[1]
Chen Zhi had quite a reputation in Shu by the time he reached adulthood (around 19 years old). He started his career as a low-level official in the selection bureau of the imperial secretariat of Shu. His appearance is described as awe-inspiring and his demeanour as restrained and strict. Moreover, he was well-versed in a variety of arts and crafts, possessing talent in astrology, divination and physiognomy.[2] Therefore, he impressed Fei Yi, the head of the Shu government between 246 and 253. Following Dong Yun's death in 246, Fei Yi recommended Chen Zhi to replace Dong Yun as a Palace Attendant (Шаблон:Lang).[3]
Chen Zhi quickly earned the favour of the Shu emperor Liu Shan, and formed an alliance with the eunuch Huang Hao to dominate the political scene together. Huang Hao gained power for the first time in his life after Dong Yun's death because Dong Yun distrusted Huang Hao and actively kept him out of politics while he was still alive.[4] Ever since Chen Zhi became one of his most favoured officials, Liu Shan gradually began to resent Dong Yun and see him as "arrogant and disrespectful". Chen Zhi and Huang Hao also often spoke ill of Dong Yun in front of Liu Shan and make the emperor hate Dong Yun even more.[5]
When Lü Yi, the Prefect of the Masters of Writing (Шаблон:Lang), died in 251,Шаблон:Sfnp Liu Shan ordered Chen Zhi to replace him. In addition to his appointment as Prefect of the Masters of Writing, Chen Zhi concurrently held the positions of Palace Attendant (Шаблон:Lang) and General Who Guards the Army (Шаблон:Lang). During this period, Jiang Wei was away on military campaigns against Shu's rival state Wei most of the time therefore he did not regularly attend imperial court sessions.[6] Above, Chen Zhi would carry out the Emperor's orders and received Liu Shan's favour while below, he befriended the eunuchs and obtained Huang Hao's support. He was trusted and loved by both circles therefore although he ranked lower than the General-in-Chief Jiang Wei in the military hierarchy, he had greater influence and power in politics.[7]
Chen Zhi died in 258, on the 28 September.Шаблон:Efn Liu Shan shed tears and deeply lamented his death, issued an imperial decree that said: "Chen Zhi managed the affairs of our time. His kindness and excellency were a model. His capability and solemness were a standard. He was in harmony with righteousness and brought benefit to everything. His myriad of achievements are brilliantly manifest. His life did not reach distantly, and I am grieved by that. One who in life has an excellent reputation, should in death be given a beautiful posthumous name. Let's honour him with the posthumous title "Marquis Zhong" (忠侯; "loyal marquis")."[8]
After Chen Zhi's death, Huang Hao continued to rise through the ranks and gain greater power while showing favouritism towards his supporters and those who fawned on him. The Shu government also became more corrupt under Huang Hao's influence until its eventual collapse[9] in 263.Шаблон:Sfnp
Family
Liu Shan enfeoffed Chen Zhi's first son, Chen Can (Шаблон:Lang), as a Secondary Marquis (Шаблон:Lang), and appointed his second son, Chen Yu (Шаблон:Lang), as a Gentleman of the Yellow Gate (Шаблон:Lang).[10]
See also
Notes
References
- Chen, Shou (3rd century). Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi).
- Chang Qu (4th century). Chronicles of Huayang (Huayang Guo Zhi).
- Pei, Songzhi (5th century). Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi zhu).
- Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ ([陳]祗字奉宗，汝南人，許靖兄之外孫也。少孤，長於靖家。) Sanguozhi, vol. 39.
- ↑ (弱冠知名，稍遷至選曹郎，矜厲有威容。多技藝，挾數術，) Sanguozhi, vol. 39.
- ↑ (費禕甚異之，故超繼允內侍。) Sanguozhi, vol. 39.
- ↑ (陳祗代允為侍中，與黃皓互相表裏，皓始預政事。) Sanguozhi, vol. 39.
- ↑ (自祗之有寵，後主追怨允日深，謂為自輕，由祗媚茲一人，皓搆閒浸潤故耳。) Sanguozhi, vol. 39.
- ↑ (呂乂卒，祗又以侍中守尚書令，加鎮軍將軍，大將軍姜維雖班在祗上，常率衆在外，希親朝政。) Sanguozhi, vol. 39.
- ↑ (祗上承主指，下接閹豎，深見信愛，權重於維。) Sanguozhi, vol. 39.
- ↑ (景耀元年卒，後主痛惜，發言流涕，乃下詔曰：「祗統職一紀，柔嘉惟則，幹肅有章，和義利物，庶績允明。命不融遠，朕用悼焉。夫存有令問，則亡加美謚，謚曰忠侯。」) Sanguozhi, vol. 39.
- ↑ (祗死後，皓從黃門令為中常侍、奉車騎都尉，操弄威柄，終至覆國。) Sanguozhi, vol.39.
- ↑ (賜子粲爵關內侯，拔次子裕為黃門侍郎。) Sanguozhi vol. 39.
