Английская Википедия:Cheng–Zhu school

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The Cheng–Zhu school (Шаблон:Zh), is one of the major philosophical schools of Neo-Confucianism, based on the ideas of the Neo-Confucian philosophers Cheng Yi, Cheng Hao, and Zhu Xi. It is also referred to as the Rationalistic School.[1]

Metaphysics

Zhu Xi's formulation of the Neo-Confucian world view is as follows. He believed that the Шаблон:Transl (Шаблон:Zh) of Шаблон:Transl (Шаблон:Zh) is expressed in principle or Шаблон:Transl (Шаблон:Zh), but that it is sheathed in matter or Шаблон:Transl (Шаблон:Zh). In this, his system is based on Buddhist systems of the time that divided things into principle (again, Шаблон:Transl), and Шаблон:Transl (Шаблон:Zh).

In contrast to Buddhists and Daoists, Neo-Confucians did not believe in an external world unconnected with the world of matter. In addition, Neo-Confucians in general rejected the idea of reincarnation and the associated idea of karma.

Human nature and rationality

In the Neo-Confucian formulation, Шаблон:Transl in itself is pure and almost-perfect, but with the addition of Шаблон:Transl, base emotions and conflicts arise. Human nature is originally good, the Neo-Confucians argued (following Mencius), but not pure unless action is taken to purify it. The imperative is then to purify one's Шаблон:Transl.

Different Neo-Confucians had differing ideas for how to do so. Zhu Xi believed in Шаблон:Transl (Шаблон:Zh), the 'investigation of things', essentially an academic form of observational science, based on the idea that li lies within the world.

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Шаблон:Chinese philosophy Шаблон:Authority control

Шаблон:NeoConfucianism-stub