Английская Википедия:Cherokee ethnobotany

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Шаблон:Short description This is a list of plants documented to have been traditionally used by the Cherokee, and how they are used.

Adoxaceae (moschatel family)

Шаблон:See also

  • Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides (commonly known as withe-rod, witherod viburnum, possumhaw, and wild raisin) – an infusion of the plant taken to prevent recurrent spasms, root bark used as a diaphoretic and a tonic, and compound infusion of it taken for fever, smallpox and ague. An infusion of the bark used as a wash for a sore tongue.[1]
  • Viburnum prunifolium (commonly known as black haw) – an infusion of the plant taken to prevent recurrent spasms, root bark used as a diaphoretic and a tonic, and compound infusion of it taken for fever, smallpox and ague. An infusion of the bark used as a wash for a sore tongue.[1]

Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis family)

Шаблон:See also

  • Allium tricoccum (commonly known as ramp, ramps, spring onion, ramson, wild leek, wood leek, and wild garlic), eaten as food.[2][3][4] The Cherokee also eat the plant as a spring tonic, for colds and for croup. They also use the warm juice for earaches.[3]

Asteraceae (aster, daisy, sunflower, or composite family)

Шаблон:See also

  • Cichorium intybus (common names are chicory or common chicory – an infusion of the root is used as a tonic for nerves.[5] This plant is not native to the Americas and was introduced by colonists.
  • Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium (common names include old field balsam, rabbit tobacco and sweet everlasting), used in a compound for muscle cramps, local pains, and twitching,[6] and apply an infusion of it over scratches made over muscle cramp pain.[7] It is also used internally with Carolina vetch for rheumatism.[6] A decoction is taken for colds, and the plant is also made into cough syrup.[6] It is used in a sweat bath to treat various diseases, made into a warm liquid blown down throat for clogged throat (diphtheria), chewed for a sore mouth, smoked for asthma, and chewed for a sore throat.[6]
  • Symphyotrichum novae-angliae (common names New England aster or Michaelmas daisy), poultice of roots used for pain, infusion of the roots for diarrhea, and the ooze of the roots is sniffed for catarrh. An infusion of the plant for fever.[8]
  • Tanacetum vulgare (common name tansy) – an infusion of the plant is used for backache, the plant is used as a tonic, and worn it around the waist and in shoes to prevent miscarriages.[9] This plant is not native to the Americas and was introduced by colonists.

Berberidaceae

Шаблон:See also

  • Jeffersonia diphylla (common names include twinleaf or rheumatism root), used in an infusion for treating dropsy, as well as gravel and urinary tract problems. Also used as a poultice for sores and inflammation.[10]

Campanulaceae (bellflower family)

Шаблон:See also

Cyperaceae

  • Carex, infusion of the leaf used to "check bowels".[12]

Ericaceae (heath or heather family)

Шаблон:See also

  • Epigaea repens (common names are mayflower or trailing arbutus) decoction of the plant used to induce vomiting to treat abdominal pain, and they give an infusion of the plant to children for diarrhea.[13] An infusion is also used for the kidneys and for "chest ailment".[14] They also take a compound infusion for indigestion.[14]
  • Kalmia latifolia (common names include mountain-laurel,[15] calico-bush,[15] or spoonwood,[15]), used as an analgesic by placing an infusion of leaves put on scratches made over location of the pain.[13] The bristly edges of ten to twelve leaves" are rubbed over the skin for rheumatism, leaves are also crushed to rub brier scratches. The plant is used an infusion as a wash "to get rid of pests", used in a compound as a liniment, leaf ooze is rubbed into scratched skin of ball players to prevent cramps, and a leaf salve is used for healing. The wood is also used for carving.[16]
  • Lyonia mariana (common names include Piedmont staggerbush and staggerbush) – an infusion of the plant used for toe itch, 'ground-itch' and ulcers.[17]

Fabaceae (legume, bean, or pea family)

Шаблон:See also

  • Baptisia australis (common names include blue wild indigo, blue false indigo, indigo weed, rattleweed, rattlebush, and horsefly weed), the roots of which are used in an herbal tea as a purgative or to treat tooth aches and nausea,[18]
  • Senna hebecarpa (common names include American senna and wild senna) The Cherokee use infusion of the plant for various purposes, including taking it for cramps, heart trouble, giving it to children and adults as a purgative and for fever, and taking it for 'blacks' (hands and eye sockets turn black). They also give an infusion of the root specifically to children for fever. The Cherokee use a poultice the root for sores, and they use a compound infusion for fainting spells. It is also used use a compound for pneumonia.[19]
  • Vicia caroliniana (common name Carolina vetch, or Carolina wood vetch), used for back pains, local pains, to toughen muscles, for muscular cramps, twitching and is rubbed on stomach cramps. They also use a compound for rheumatism, for an affliction called "blacks", and it is taken for wind before a ball game.[20] An infusion is used for muscle pain, in that it is rubbed on scratches made over the location of the pain. An infusion is also taken as an emetic.[21] It is also used internally with Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium for rheumatism.[6]

Hydrangeaceae

Шаблон:See also

  • Hydrangea cinerea (common names include ashy or gray hydrangea) An infusion of the bark scrapings is taken for vomiting bile, and an infusion of the roots is taken as a cathartic and emetic by women during menses.[22]

Iridaceae

Шаблон:See also

  • Iris cristata (common names dwarf crested iris, crested iris) – a decoction of the pulverized root is used as salve for ulcers.[23][24] An infusion (tea) is taken for liver. A decoction of the root is also used to treat a "yellowish urine".[23] The root is also used as an ingredient in a cream applied to skin ulcers.[25]
  • Iris virginica (common name Virginia iris) – the root is pounded into a paste that is used as a salve for skin. An infusion made from the root is used to treat ailments of the liver, and a decoction of root is used to treat "yellowish urine".[26]

Juglandaceae

Шаблон:See also

  • Carya spp. (common name: hickory) - the nut of which was traditionally used by the Cherokee in making Kanuchi, the Hickory nut soup.

Lamiaceae (mint or deadnettle family)

Шаблон:See also

  • Blephilia ciliata (common names include downy pagoda plant, sunny woodmint and Ohio horsemint.[27]), used make a poultice to treat headaches.[28]

Lythraceae

Шаблон:See also

Onagraceae (willowherb or evening primrose family)

Шаблон:See also

  • Oenothera fruticosa (Common names include narrowleaf evening primrose or narrow-leaved sundrops) The Cherokee parboil the leaves, rinse them and cook in hot grease as a potherb.[30]

Pontederiaceae

Ranunculaceae (buttercup or crowfoot family)

Шаблон:See also

  • Hydrastis canadensis (common names include goldenseal, orangeroot[32] and yellow puccoon,[32] used as a cancer treatment.[33]
  • Ranunculus acris (common names include meadow buttercup,[34] tall buttercup and giant buttercup. used as a poultice for abscesses, as an oral infusion for "thrush", and the juice is used as a sedative.[35] They also cook the leaves and eat them as greens.[35] (Note: This plant was introduced from Eurasia, and is not native to North America.)

Rosaceae (rose family)

Шаблон:See also

Sapindaceae (soapberry family)

  • Acer saccharinum common names silver maple,[40] creek maple, silverleaf maple,[40] soft maple, large maple,[40] water maple,[40] swamp maple,[40] or white maple,[40] The Cherokee take an infusion of the bark for cramps, dysentery, and hives.[41] They boil the inner bark and use it with water as a wash for sore eyes. They also take a compound infusion of the bark for "female trouble" and cramps. They take a hot infusion of the bark for measles, and use the tree to make baskets, for lumber, building material, and for carving.[41]

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Шаблон:Cherokee Шаблон:Flora of the United States by political division

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses – A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62
  2. ↑ Witthoft, John 1977 Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs. Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250–255 (p. 251)
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey 1975 Cherokee Plants and Their Uses – A 400 Year History. Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co. (p. 52)
  4. ↑ Perry, Myra Jean 1975 Food Use of "Wild" Plants by Cherokee Indians. The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis (p. 47)
  5. ↑ Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey 1975 Cherokee Plants and Their Uses – A 400 Year History. Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co. (p. 29)
  6. ↑ 6,0 6,1 6,2 6,3 6,4 Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey 1975 Cherokee Plants and Their Uses – A 400 Year History. Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co. (p. 51, 52)
  7. ↑ Taylor, Linda Averill 1940 Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes. Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University (p. 61)
  8. ↑ Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey 1975 Cherokee Plants and Their Uses – A 400 Year History. Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co. (p. 24)
  9. ↑ Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey 1975 Cherokee Plants and Their Uses – A 400 Year History. Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co. (p. 58)
  10. ↑ Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey 1975 Cherokee Plants and Their Uses – A 400 Year History. Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co. (p. 59)
  11. ↑ Taylor, Linda Averill 1940 Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes. Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University (p. 60)
  12. ↑ Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 54
  13. ↑ 13,0 13,1 Taylor, Linda Averill 1940 Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes. Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University (p. 48)
  14. ↑ 14,0 14,1 Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey 1975 Cherokee Plants and Their Uses – A 400 Year History. Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co. (p. 23)
  15. ↑ 15,0 15,1 15,2 Шаблон:GRIN
  16. ↑ Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey 1975 Cherokee Plants and Their Uses – A 400 Year History. Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co. (p. 42)
  17. ↑ Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses – A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57
  18. ↑ Шаблон:Citation
  19. ↑ Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses – A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 54
  20. ↑ Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey 1975 Cherokee Plants and Their Uses – A 400 Year History. Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co. (p. 60)
  21. ↑ Taylor, Linda Averill 1940 Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes. Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University (p. 34)
  22. ↑ Taylor, Linda Averill 1940 Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes. Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University (p. 25)
  23. ↑ 23,0 23,1 Шаблон:Cite book
  24. ↑ Umberto Quattrocchi Шаблон:Google books
  25. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  26. ↑ Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey 1975 Cherokee Plants and Their Uses – A 400 Year History. Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co. (p. 41)
  27. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  28. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  29. ↑ Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses – A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 43
  30. ↑ Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 49
  31. ↑ Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 45
  32. ↑ 32,0 32,1 Шаблон:GRIN
  33. ↑ Prof. Benjamin Smith Barton Collections for an Essay Toward a Materia Medica of the United States (1798, first edition)
  34. ↑ Шаблон:BSBI 2007
  35. ↑ 35,0 35,1 Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey 1975 Cherokee Plants and Their Uses – A 400 Year History. Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co. (p. 31)
  36. ↑ Plants Profile for Agrimonia gyrosepala Retrieved 2010-03-13.
  37. ↑ 37,0 37,1 Шаблон:GRIN
  38. ↑ ITIS Standard Report Page: Agrimonia gryposepala Retrieved 2010-03-13.
  39. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  40. ↑ 40,0 40,1 40,2 40,3 40,4 40,5 Шаблон:Silvics
  41. ↑ 41,0 41,1 Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44
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