Английская Википедия:Chinchaga Wildland Provincial Park

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox protected area

Chinchaga Wildland Provincial Park is a wildland provincial park in northwestern Alberta, Canada. The park is a Шаблон:Convert environmentally protected tract of land within the Шаблон:Convert of the greater Chinchaga wilderness area.[1]Шаблон:Sfn It is a disjunct outlier of the Foothills Natural Region of Alberta.Шаблон:Sfn It was established on 15 December 1999.[1]Шаблон:Sfn The greater Chinchaga area was identified in 1995 as an Environmentally Significant Area.Шаблон:Sfn It was designated by the Alberta Government as a protected area under the "Special Places" program.[2] The park is administered by the Upper Peace Land Use Framework.[3]

Location

The park is in Clear Hills County in northwestern Alberta about Шаблон:Convert west of Manning and approximately Шаблон:Convert east of the British Columbia border. The upper course of the Chinchaga River forms the Park's northern border while the southern border is the slopes of Halverson Ridge.[4] Elevations in the Park range from less than Шаблон:Convert at the Chinchaga River in the north to over Шаблон:Convert at the top of Halverson Ridge.[5] The park is extremely isolated and remote and without formal roads. The closest road is the Chinchaga Forestry Road, a high-grade gravel road running west from the Mackenzie Highway and crossing into British Columbia north of the Chinchaga River. Significant previous oil and gas exploration activity has left seismic cut lines throughout the park allowing access via off-road vehicles.Шаблон:Sfn

History

The Chinchaga area was mainly used by small populations of First Nations and Métis for hunting.

Chinchaga Firestorm 1950

Шаблон:Main In the spring of 1950 the watershed of the Chinchaga River experienced drought conditions that extended over boreal regions of northern Canada.[6]

On 1 June 1950 human activity caused a forest fire in the Chinchaga area, one of the largest if not the largest in modern North American history.Шаблон:Sfn The ignition point was north of Fort St. John, British Columbia. At the time of the fire Imperial Oil surveying crew were on site.[7] Other sources theorize that slash burning from agricultural clearing could have been the initial spark.[6] The fire burned north-eastward nearly to Keg River, Alberta and continued to burn throughout the summer and early fall until the end of October.[6] It destroyed Шаблон:Convert of the Chinchaga area.Шаблон:Sfn Size estimates have varied due to the imprecise measurement techniques of the time period. Estimates at the time ranged from Шаблон:Convert.[6] In 2008 and 2009 the final size was considerably larger than previous estimates, placing the total burned area at Шаблон:Convert.[8] While most likely not the largest fire in the history of the North American boreal forest, it produced the largest burned area of any recorded fire on the continent.[6]

1997

In the 1997 report commissioned by the Alberta Environmental Protection the Chinchaga Diversity Area and the Chinchaga River were designated as an Environmentally Significant Areas (ESAs).Шаблон:Sfn

Senate Committee Report on Boreal Forest 1999

In June 1999, the Senate Committee on Agriculture and Forestry's Subcommittee on the Boreal Forest published their report Competing Realities: The Boreal Forest at Risk which contained 35 recommendations intended to ensure that Canada adopt "a natural forest landscape-based approach to managing a boreal forest that is coming increasingly under siege."Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

Special Places 2000

Under the 2000 "Special Places" program.[2] the natural state of the area is intended to be protected, however, other uses are permitted under provincial law. Concerns have been raised about oil and gas development in parts of this wilderness area.[9]

In 2000 both the Alberta Wildlife Society (AWS) and the Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society were disappointed with the small size and poor quality of the Chinchaga wilderness region chosen by the province of Alberta to be protected. The proposed protected section only protects Шаблон:Convert of the Шаблон:Convert of Chinchaga wilderness area. The area protected by the province is mostly "peatland and unproductive, burned-over deciduous forest."Шаблон:Sfn

The Alberta Land and Forest Division leased an additional Шаблон:Convert of the land set aside as the Chinchaga Special Place to Manning Diversified Forest Products Ltd. as a timber license.Шаблон:Sfn In 2000, the provincial government authorized logging by Daishowa-Marubeni and Manning Diversified Forest Products in another part of Chinchaga shortly after giving the wildpark area protected status.Шаблон:Sfn

The Biophysical Inventory of Chinchaga Wildland Park was released in March 2002.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

In June 2002 the Alberta Government claimed it had "no plans to re-open discussion" about enlarging the Chinchaga Special Place.

Шаблон:Blockquote

In 2003 the Alberta Wilderness Association, the Federation of Alberta Naturalists, the Sierra Club of Canada, Canadian Nature Federation and the Natural Resources Defense Council in the U.S. called for a "moratorium on further development in Chinchaga until permanent protection is established."Шаблон:Sfn

Ecology

The park protects an example of the Upper and Lower Boreal highlands subregion of the Boreal Forest natural region of Alberta.[3] In the National Ecological Framework for Canada used by Environment and Climate Change Canada, the park is in the Chinchaga Plain and Clear Hills Upland ecodistricts of the Clear Hills Upland ecoregion in the Boreal Foothills ecoprovince of the Boreal Plains Ecozone.[10][11]

Climate

The Köppen climate classification of the park is Continental, Subarctic (Dfc) characterized by long, cold winters, and short, warm to cool summers.[12] Using the data from nearby weather stations surrounding the park (Doig Lookout, Shell Hamberg, and Hotchkiss Auto), average daily temperatures for the period 1991-2020 exceed Шаблон:Convert only for June, July, and August while average daily temperatures are less than Шаблон:Convert for November through March. Over the same years, the long-run average precipitation for the wettest months, June and July, is Шаблон:Convert per month; conversely, it is less than Шаблон:Convert per month from October through April.[13]

Environment

The environment consists of diverse landscapes and vegetation ecosystems including boreal forests and muskeg, with deciduous and coniferous forests mixed with wetlands and fens. This provides habitat for woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus) and trumpeter swan (Cygnus buccinator) which are Endangered Species in Alberta[14]Шаблон:Sfn and grizzly bear (Ursus arctos). These along beaver (Castor canadensis) and northern goshawk (Accipiter gentiles), are considered to be the focal wildlife species in the Park.Шаблон:Sfn Other species include including, muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus), marten (Martes americana), fisher (Martes pennant), moose (Alces alces), wolf (Canis lupus), lynx (Lynx canadensis), pileated woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus), and numerous other small mammals, furbearers, raptors, songbirds, and waterfowl.Шаблон:Sfn

Boreal woodland caribou

The park is contained within the range of the Chinchaga herd of woodland caribou.[15] Caribou are considered a species "at risk" of declining due to non-viable population levels and are designated as "threatened" under the Alberta Wildlife Act. Nationally, the status of woodland caribou varies considerably across the species’ range, with Alberta populations listed as "threatened"."Шаблон:Sfn The boreal ecotype of woodland caribou that inhabit Chinchaga Wildland Park and adjacent areas are largely restricted to peatland complexes.Шаблон:Sfn They require large home ranges and distinct calving and wintering areas that extend beyond the current Park boundaries.Шаблон:Sfn The 2002 report recommended that "habitat units that have been identified as Caribou Habitat ESAs within Chinchaga Wildland Park should also be extrapolated and managed accordingly in areas outside and adjacent to the Park".Шаблон:Sfn

See also

Footnotes

Шаблон:Reflist

References

Шаблон:Alberta parks

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок OC не указан текст
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  4. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Map не указан текст
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite map
  6. ↑ 6,0 6,1 6,2 6,3 6,4 Шаблон:Cite book
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journalШаблон:Dead link
  9. ↑ Alberta Wilderness Association Шаблон:Webarchive - Conservation Groups Take Action to Stop Oil & Gas Lease Sales in Milk River and Chinchaga Protected Areas - July 10, 2000
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite map
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite map
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  14. ↑ Alberta Community Development Шаблон:Webarchive - Chinchaga Wildland Park webpage
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite map
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