Английская Википедия:Chinese frigate Hai'an
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Good article
Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox ship characteristicsHai'an (Шаблон:Lang-zh), originally named Zhen'an (Шаблон:Lang-zh), was a wooden steam powered frigate built for the Imperial Chinese Navy. She was the lead ship of the Шаблон:Sclass, which consisted of her and her sister Шаблон:Ship. They were the largest vessels built in China until the 1930s; they each ran over budget and used sub-standard building materials which limited their use. Hai'an was initially used as a training ship, and later saw action in the Sino-French War as a potential blockship, being scrapped as a hulk following the war.
Design
Hai'an was the lead ship of the Шаблон:Sclass of wooden steam powered frigates.Шаблон:Sfn She was constructed at the dockyard at the Kiangnan Arsenal for the Imperial Chinese Navy's Nanyang Fleet.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Hai'an and her sister ship Шаблон:Ship were the largest vessels built in China until the cruiser Шаблон:Ship in 1931. Hai'an was originally named Chen-an, and measured Шаблон:Convert long overall, with a beam of Шаблон:Convert and an average draft of Шаблон:Convert. The propulsion system consisted of a Шаблон:Convert reciprocating engine with a single shaft, enabling a cruising speed of Шаблон:Convert. She was also equipped with a sailing rig across her three masts.Шаблон:Sfn She had a crew complement of 372.Шаблон:Sfn
Her armament initially consisted of two Шаблон:Convert muzzle-loading rifles (MLRs) mounted on the upper deck and 24 70-pounder Whitworth naval guns,Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn the latter mounted in broadsides.Шаблон:Sfn During a later overhaul these were subsequently replaced Krupp guns of varying sizes, with two Шаблон:Convert guns placed on the upper deck, and the broadside replaced with four Шаблон:Convert and 20 Шаблон:Convert guns.Шаблон:Sfn Hai'an was built at a cost of 355,190 taels;Шаблон:Sfn the cost of Hai'an and Yuyuen exceeded the budget and resulted in their limited use initially. Furthermore, due to the use of low quality pine from Oregon and Vancouver in the construction of the vessels meant that the timbers were showing obvious signs of rot after a few months of use.Шаблон:Sfn
Career
Hai'an was launched on 24 May 1872 from the Kiangnan Arsenal, ahead of her sister ship 19 months later. The cost of the two ships meant that Yuyuen was not initially manned as there was not sufficient funds remaining to pay for her crew. Meanwhile, Hai'an spent the majority of her early life as a training vessel.Шаблон:Sfn Both Hai'an-class frigates were known for being unseaworthy.Шаблон:Sfn
During the Sino-French War, Hai'an was prepared to be used as a blockship should the French Navy attempt to attack Shanghai.Шаблон:Sfn She was filled with stones and towed out to the bar of the Huangpu River (then romanized as "Whangpoo").Шаблон:Sfn As this attack did not occur, she was towed back into Shanghai after the end of the war,Шаблон:Sfn and was disposed of as a hulk within a few years.Шаблон:Sfn
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