Английская Википедия:Choline hydroxide

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Choline hydroxide is an organic compound with the chemical formula Шаблон:Chem2. It is also known as choline base. It is used as solutions in water or alcohols, which are colorless and very alkaline.

Properties

It is hygroscopic and thus often encountered as a colorless viscous hydrated syrup that smells of trimethylamine (TMA). Aqueous solutions of choline are stable, but the compound slowly breaks down to ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycols, and TMA.

Chemistry

Choline hydroxide is a quaternary ammonium salt, consisting of choline cations (Шаблон:Chem2) and hydroxide anions (Шаблон:Chem2). It is bifunctional compound, meaning, it contains both quaternary ammonium functional group and a hydroxyl functional group. Choline hydroxide forms an ionic liquid.

Occurrence

The cation of this salt, choline, occurs in nature in living beings.

Uses

Choline hydroxide is used in industry as a pH regulating agent and as an eco-friendly, biodegradable, recyclable and efficient catalyst with high yields for synthesis of certain organic compounds (2-amino-3-nitro-4H-chromene derivatives) in an aqueous solution at room temperatures.

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A chemical reaction of various salicylaldehydes (2-hydroxybenzaldehydes) with (E)-N-methyl-1-(methylthio)-2-nitroethenamine, in the presence of a basic ionic liquid catalyst such as choline hydroxide, at room temperature in an aqueous medium, produces 2-amino-3-nitro-4H-chromene derivatives (yields up to 83-96%).

Safety

Choline hydroxide irritates skin, eyes and respiratory system. It can cause serious injuries to the eyes. Causes serious skin and eye burns. Inhalation of this chemical may cause dyspnea and corrosive injuries to upper respiratory system and lungs, which can lead to pneumonia. May react violently with strong oxidizing agents.