Английская Википедия:Chowdhury

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Pp Шаблон:EngvarB Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Redirect Шаблон:Infobox surname

Chowdhury is a title of honour, usually hereditary, originating from the Indian subcontinent.[1]Шаблон:Better source needed It is an adaption from Sanskrit. During the Mughal rule, it was a title awarded to eminent people, while during British rule, the term was associated with zamindars and social leaders. The common female equivalent was Chowdhurani.[2] Many landlords under the Permanent Settlement carried this surname.Шаблон:Citation needed Land reforms after the partition of India abolished the permanent settlement.Шаблон:Citation needed In modern times, the term is a common South Asian surname for both males and females.Шаблон:Citation needed

Meaning and significance

"Chowdhury" is a term adapted from the Sanskrit word caturdhara, literally "holder of four" (four denoting a measure of land), from chatur ("four") and dhara ("holder" or "possessor").[3]Шаблон:Unreliable source? The name is a Sanskrit term denoting the head of a community or caste.[4][5]Шаблон:Failed verificationШаблон:Unreliable source? It was a title awarded to persons of eminence, including both Muslims and Hindus, during the Mughal Empire. It was also used as a title by military commanders responsible for four separate forces, including the cavalry, navy, infantry and elephant corps.[4] These people belonged to the zamindar families in British India.[6]Шаблон:Verify source

Regional

In the Chittagong Hill Tracts, the titular Rajas of the Bohmong Circle and Mong Circle have the surname Chowdhury.[7][8][9][10]

The Bengali Muslim MirashdarsШаблон:NoteTag living in the former Kachari Kingdom were given titles by the Kachari Raja, which in modern-day acts as a surname for them.[11]

In Bihar, the Pasi are also known as the Chaudhary, a community traditionally connected with toddy tapping.[12]

Many Marwaris coming from Agarwal and Maheshwari sub community also use surname as Choudhary or Chaudhary.

Many Prajapati Kumhars also use surname as Chaudhary. They use prefix 'Ch' before the given name.[13]

Deshastha Brahmins and Kammas from Andhra Pradesh and Telangana who got this as a title during Qutb Shahis of Golconda and Nizams of Hyderabad also use Chowdhari or Chowdhury as their surnames.[14][15][16]

In the Punjab, Chaudhary is used by several Punjabi tribes. It is typically used as a prefix before the given name, often represented by the prefix 'Ch'.

Alternate spellings

Its alternate spellings include: Chaudhary, Chaudri, Chaudhri, Choudhary, Chaudhry, Chowdary, Chowdhary, Chaudry, Choudary, Choudhry, Chaudhuri, Chaudhari, Chudhry, Choudhari, Choudhury, Chowdhuri and Chowdury.[4] The female equivalent is Chaudhurani and alternate spellings include: Choudhurani, Chowdhurani, Chowdhrani, Choudhrani, Chaudhrani.

Notable people

Bangladesh

Файл:Faizunnesa.jpg
Faizunnesa Choudhurani
Файл:Saheb Qiblah.gif
Abdul Latif Chowdhury Fultali
Файл:Chanchal Chowdhury (2).jpg
Chanchal Chowdhury
Файл:Abdul Hamid Chowdhury.jpg
Abdul Hamid Chowdhury
Файл:Tawfiq-e-Elahi Chowdhury.jpg
Dr. Tawfiq-e-Elahi Chowdhury
Файл:Syed Nawab Ali Chowdhury.JPG
Syed Nawab Ali Chowdhury
Файл:HabibullahBaharChowdhury.jpg
Habibullah Bahar Chowdhury
Файл:Abu Sayeed Chowdhury at the office of the Vice-Chancellor of Dacca University, November 1970.png
Abu Sayeed Chowdhury
Файл:Mohammad Ali of Bogra.jpg
Syed Mohammad Ali Chowdhury
Файл:মাওলানা মুহাম্মদ হুছামুদ্দীন চৌধুরী ফুলতলী.jpg
Husam Uddin Chowdhury Fultali

India

Файл:General Jayanto Nath Chaudhuri.jpg
Jayanto Nath Chaudhuri

West Bengal

Assam

Файл:Moinul Hoque Choudhury.gif
Moinul Hoque Choudhury

Nepal

Fiji

Pakistan

Файл:Choudhry Rahmat Ali.jpg
Choudhry Rahmat Ali

United Kingdom

United States

Chaudhurani

Fictional characters

Notes

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References

Шаблон:Reflist Шаблон:Surname Шаблон:Authority control