Английская Википедия:Chowmahalla Palace
Шаблон:More citations needed Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Use Indian English Шаблон:Infobox buildingChowmahalla Palace or Chowmahallat is the palace of the Nizams of Hyderabad State located in Hyderabad, Telangana, India.[1] It was the seat of power of the Asaf Jahi dynasty (1720-1948) and was the official residence of the Nizams of Hyderabad during their reign. Presently the palace is converted into a museum but the ownership still lies with the family.[2]
The palaces is constructed at the location of an earlier existing palaces of the Qutb Shahi Dynasty and Asaf Jahi Dynasty[2] close to the Charminar. Construction of the palace as it stands today was started by Nizam Ali Khan Asaf Jah II[3] in 1769. He ordered to build four palace from which the nomenclature of Chau Mahalla was acquired.[4] The word chār or chahār, and its variation chow, means "four" and the word mahal means "palace" in Urdu, Hindi and Persian.[5]
History
While Salabat Jung initiated its construction in 1750, it was completed by the period of Afzal ad-Dawlah, Asaf Jah V between 1857 and 1869.[6][7]
The palace is unique for its style and elegance. Construction of the palace began in the late 18th century and over the decades a synthesis of many architectural styles and influences emerged. The palace consists of two courtyards as well as the grand Khilwat (the Darbar Hall), fountains and gardens.[8] The palace originally covered Шаблон:Convert, but only Шаблон:Convert remain today.[9]
Southern Courtyard
Шаблон:Multiple image This is the oldest part of the palace, consisting of four palaces Afzal Mahal, Mahtab Mahal, Tahniyat Mahal and Aftab Maha built symmetrically opposite to each other in Neoclassical style. The forecourt in-between the palaces is adorned with a pond and a beautiful garden.[2]
The neoclassical palaces have double heighted verandahs or facades lined with European style columns. The columns in the Aftab Mahal and Mehtab Mahal are of Iconic order where as the Afzal Mahal and Tehniyat Mahal have Corinthian columns.[2]
Northern courtyard
This part has Bara Imam, a long corridor of rooms on the east side facing the central fountain and pool that once housed the administrative wing and Shishe-Alat, meaning mirror image.
It has Mughal domes and arches and many Persian elements like the ornate stucco work that adorn the Khilwat Mubarak. These were characteristics of buildings built in Hyderabad at the time.
Opposite the Bara Imam is a building that is its shishe or mirror image. The rooms were once used as guest rooms for officials accompanying visiting dignitaries.
Khilwat Mubarak
This is heart of Chowmahalla Palace. It is held in high esteem by the people of Hyderabad, as it was the seat of the Asaf Jahi dynasty. The grand pillared Durbar Hall has a pure marble platform on which the Takht-e-Nishan or the royal seat was laid. Here the Nizams held their durbar and other religious and symbolic ceremonies.[10] The 19 spectacular Chandeliers of Belgian crystal were recently reinstalled to recreate the lost splendor of this regal hall.
Clock Tower
The main gateway to the Chowmahalla Palace on the western hand has a clock tower also known as a Khilafat clock. The tower is three storey high and consists of balconies and jharokha of Mughal style same as the style of half domes.[10] It has been ticking away since 1750. An expert family of horologists winds the mechanical clock every week.[11]
Council Hall
This building housed a rare collection of manuscripts and priceless books. The Nizam often met important officials and dignitaries here. Today it is a venue for temporary exhibitions from the treasures of the Chowmahalla Palace Collection of the bygone era.Шаблон:Citation needed
Roshan Bangla
The Sixth Nizam, Mir Mahbub Ali Khan, is believed to have lived here and the building was named after his mother Roshan Begum.
The present Nizam (Barkat Ali Khan Mukarram Jah) and his family decided to restore the Chowmahalla Palace and open it to the public in January 2005. It took over 5 years to document and restore the palaces of the first courtyard to its former glory. The palace also has a collection of vintage cars, including the Rolls-Royce, which were used by the Nizam Kings.Шаблон:Citation needed
Museum
The focus of the displays in the museum is to depict the origin and evolution of Hyderabad, achievements and valuable contribution of the Nizams towards the development of the state and social lifestyle of the royal family.
The museum is distinctively divided into parts arranged around two quadrangle courtyards in North and South.Шаблон:Citation needed
Conservation
Conservation works were initiated in Chowmahalla Palace from 2000, several conservation architects and experts were involved in more than a decade long journey.[12] The initiative was undertaken by Princess Esra Birgen. Before commencement of the works, the place fell in disuse for a prolonged period and deteriorated over the time. Vision for the restoration project was to rescue the exemplary palatial complex and to establish a contemporary civic use as a museum showcasing the splendour and valour of Nizams.[13]
The restoration process was divided into three stages, first stage involved thorough mapping, a fabric survey, and the development of conservation plans for the buildings' restoration as well as alternative re-use scenarios that might help assess the practicality of these historic buildings. In the second stage, structures that were in danger of collapsing had to be stabilised, and other urgent repairs like waterproofing and propping had to be made to prevent further damage. The complex's physical restoration as well as the addition of amenities to encourage the reuse of these structures were part of the final phase.[14]
In order to preserve the integrity of these ancient structures, the conservation of these complex was executed by using traditional craftsmen and techniques, and several building components were saved. from demolition. Many architectural features, including granite arches, elaborate lime plaster work, and terracotta balusters, were restored carefully in their original design in addition to structural repairs and stabilisation.[14] Apart from bringing back the past glory of the palace complex and reviving traditional materials and craftsmanship, the project also created a cultural oasis in the heart of the city.[13]
The project was awarded with UNESCO Asia Pacific Merit award for cultural heritage conservation on March 15, 2010.[13] UNESCO representative Takahiko Makino formally handed over the plaque and certificate to Princess Esra, former wife and GPA holder of Prince Mukarram Jah Bahadur.[15][16]
See also
- Nizam of Hyderabad
- Purani Haveli
- Falaknuma Palace
- King Kothi
- Chiran Palace
- Jewels of the Nizams
- Jacob Diamond
- Basheer Bagh Palace
References
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ 10,0 10,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 13,0 13,1 13,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 14,0 14,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
External links
- The lost world: article by William Dalrymple about the last Nizam of Hyderabad and the restoration of Chowmahalla Palace
- Tour of Chowmahalla (main courtyard and Khilwat Mahal)
- A Royal Wedding - Chowmohalla palace
- Английская Википедия
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- Hyderabad State
- Heritage structures in Hyderabad, India
- Tourist attractions in Hyderabad, India
- Royal residences in India
- Palaces in Hyderabad, India
- Palaces of Nizams of Hyderabad
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