Английская Википедия:Christian Pineau

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Файл:Christian Pineu, Ministro do Exterior da França..tif
Christian Pineau, 1957.

Christian Pineau (Шаблон:IPA-fr; 14 October 1904, in Chaumont-en-Bassigny, Haute-Marne, France – 5 April 1995, in Paris)[1] was a noted French Resistance fighter, who later served an important term as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1956 through 1958.

Life and career

Pineau was born in 1904 in Chaumont-en-Bassigny, Haute-Marne, France.[1] His father was a colonel in the French Army died when he was a young child.[1] His mother married again to the French playwright Jean Giraudoux.[1] Later, Christian Pineau would say that it was Giraudoux who gave him his love of writing.Шаблон:Citation needed He was educated at the École alsacienne in Paris and graduated with degrees in law and in political science.[2] In 1931 he joined the staff of the Bank of France, and later worked for the Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas.[2] In 1937 he founded the journal Banque et Bourse.[2]

A World War II French Resistance leader who established a network called Phalanx, Pineau helped found the underground newspaper Libération.[1][2] He was a close ally of Charles de Gaulle and went on dangerous secret missions passing communications between occupied France and the Free France headquarters in London.[1] He was arrested by the Gestapo in September 1942 but escaped.[2] He was arrested again in 1943 and evaded a death sentence through forged identity papers which hid his true identity.[1] He was sent to the Buchenwald concentration camp, and remained there until it was liberated by American soldiers in 1945.[1][2]

Pineau represented the Sarthe department as a Socialist in the French National Assembly from 1946 to 1958.[2] After the war, he served as a minister in French governments, 1945–1958.[2] He was minister of supply in Charles de Gaulle's government (1945) and minister of public works (1947–1950) in various governments.[2]

Файл:Christian Pineau-David Ben Gurion 1959.jpg
Christian Pineau meeting with David Ben-Gurion in Israel, January 1959

Pineau was finance minister for a short time in 1948.Шаблон:Citation needed He was designated as prime minister of France by President René Coty after the February 1955 resignation of Pierre Mendès-France, but the National Assembly refused to ratify his cabinet by 312 votes against 268; his prime ministership lasted for two days between 17 and 19 February 1955.Шаблон:Citation needed

As foreign minister (February 1956 – May 1958), Pineau was responsible for handling the Suez crisis and for signing the Treaty of Rome on behalf of France.[2] With Guy Mollet, he visited Moscow.Шаблон:Citation needed In October 1956, he signed the Protocol of Sèvres with Great Britain and Israel on behalf of France.[2]

Pineau was a lifelong advocate of European integration.Шаблон:Citation needed

Pineau is buried in the Père Lachaise Cemetery, Paris.Шаблон:Citation needed

Bibliography

Pineau wrote several political books and memoirs:

  • La simple vérité, regard sur la période 1940–1945 (the simple truth, a view of the period 1940–45), Editions Julliard
  • Khrouchtchev (Khrushchev) Perrin, 1964
  • Suez, Robert Laffont, 1976
  • Mon cher député, Julliard, 1959
  • Le grand pari, l'aventure du Traité de Rome (with Christiane Rimbaud)

He also wrote children's books:

  • Plume et le saumon (Feather and the salmon)
  • L'ourse aux pattons verts (The she-bear with green paws)
  • Histoire de la forêt de Bercé (Story of the Bercé forest)
  • La planète aux enfants perdus (The planet of lost children)

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References

Шаблон:Reflist

Шаблон:Foreign Ministers of France Шаблон:Finance Ministers of France Шаблон:Authority control