Английская Википедия:Christianity in Punjab, Pakistan
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Christianity in Pakistan
Christianity is the second largest religion in Punjab Province of Pakistan comprising 2.3% of its population. Most Christians (81%) of Pakistan live in Punjab province. There are 2,068,233 Christians in Punjab province as of 2017,[1] up from 1,699,843 in 1998.[2]
The churches in Lahore include Cathedral Church of Resurrection, Sacred Heart Cathedral, Lahore, St. Andrew's Church, Lahore, St. Anthony's Church, Lahore and St. Joseph’s Church, Lahore. Lahore and Faisalabad have more Christian population than any other city in Punjab. Most Punjabi Christians are converts from the Hindu Churas and Mazhabi Sikh caste to Christianity during the British Raj in colonial India.[3]
History
Christianity came to Punjab in 1834.[4] The Christian Mission in Ludhiana set up in the first Sikh Gurmukhi printing press the following year.[5]
The Christians of colonial India were active in the Indian National Congress and wider Indian independence movement, being collectively represented in the All India Conference of Indian Christians, which advocated for swaraj and opposed the partition of India.[6][7][8]
The meeting of the All India Conference of Indian Christians in Lahore in December 1922, which had a large attendance of Punjabis, resolved that the clergymen of the Church in India should be drawn from the ranks of Indians, rather than foreigners.[9] The AICIC also stated that Indian Christians would not tolerate any discrimination based on race or skin colour.[9]
S. K. Datta of Lahore, who served as the principal of Forman Christian College, became the president of the All India Conference of Indian Christians, representing the Indian Christian community at the Second Round Table Conference, where he agreed with Mahatma Gandhi's views on minorities and Depressed Classes.[10]
On 30 October 1945, the All India Conference of Indian Christians formed a joint committee with the Catholic Union of India that passed a resolution in which, "in the future constitution of India, the profession, practice and propagation of religion should be guaranteed and that a change of religion should not involve any civil or political disability."[6] This joint committee enabled the Christians in colonial India to stand united, and in front of the British Parliamentary Delegation "the committee members unanimously supported the move for independence and expressed complete confidence in the future of the community in India."[6] The office for this joint committee was opened in Delhi, in which the Vice-Chancellor of Andhra University M. Rahnasamy served as President and B.L. Rallia Ram of Lahore served as General Secretary.[6] Six members of the joint committee were elected to the Minorities Committee of the Constituent Assembly.[6]
Following the partition of colonial India, the Catholic Union of India granted independence to its branches in Sind and Baluchistan in its Second Annual General Meeting in Bangalore in October 1947, which was presided by Ruthnasamy.[11]
21st century
The number of Christians in the state is seen to be rising.[12] Estimates of Christian followers vary, mainly due to Dalits not being included in several surveys.[13]
Punjab is considered a province with persecution of Christians.[14] The high-profile Asia Bibi blasphemy case was a famous example of this. Bibi was arrested in Punjab in 2009 under the blasphemy law in Pakistan, found guilty and sentenced to execution.[15][16] After ten years in prison, and an international campaign, she was acquitted and she and her family moved to Canada, then on to France. The governor of Punjab, Salman Taseer, was assassinated for his defence of Bibi.[17]
In 2022, Freedom House rated religious freedom across the country as 1 out of 4.[18]
In April 2023, Pentecostals in Punjab started a new political party, named the United Punjab Party.[19][20]
Notable People
- Sunita Marshall, actress
- Sidra Sadaf, cyclist
- Group Captain Cecil Chaudhry, academic, activist, and fighter pilot for the Pakistan Air Force
- Nazir Latif, former Air Commodore of Pakistan Air Force
- Shahbaz Bhatti, former member of Pakistan National Assembly, and Pakistan Peoples Party
- Bishop Anthony Theodore Lobo, former minister of the Pakistan Roman Catholic Church
- Bishop Lawrence Saldanha, Archbishop
- Major General Julian Peter, former Major-General of Pakistan Army
- Reverend Samuel Azariah, bishop of the Church of Pakistan
- Nirmal Roy, singer
- Shazia Hidayat, athlete
- Bohemia (rapper), Pakistani-American rapper born Roger David
Christian denominations in the province
- Anglican Catholic Church
- Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church in Pakistan
- Church of Pakistan
- Presbyterian Church of Pakistan
- United Presbyterian Church of Pakistan
- New Apostolic Church in Pakistan
- Roman Catholic Church
See also
- Punjabi Christians
- Christianity in Pakistan
- Freedom of religion in Pakistan
- Christian Medical College Ludhiana
- St. Thomas' High School, Jhelum
- Presentation Convent School, Jhelum
- Forman Christian College
References
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Alter, J.P and J. Alter (1986) In the Doab and Rohilkhand: north Indian Christianity, 1815–1915. I.S.P.C.K publishing p196
- ↑ News18 website
- ↑ Newsclick website
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 6,2 6,3 6,4 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ 9,0 9,1 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Hindustani Times website
- ↑ The Print India website
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite webШаблон:Dead link
- ↑ NPR website
- ↑ BBC website
- ↑ Freedom House, Retrieved 2023-04-25
- ↑ Newsclick India website
- ↑ Christianity Today website
