Английская Википедия:Chromosome 20
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox chromosome Chromosome 20 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. Chromosome 20 spans around 66 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 2 and 2.5 percent of the total DNA in cells. Chromosome 20 was fully sequenced in 2001 and was reported to contain over 59 million base pairs.[1] Since then, due to sequencing improvements and fixes, the length of chromosome 20 has been updated to just over 66 million base pairs.[2]
Genes
Number of genes
The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 20. Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see gene prediction). Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project (CCDS) takes an extremely conservative strategy. So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes.[3]
| Estimated by | Protein-coding genes | Non-coding RNA genes | Pseudogenes | Source | Release date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CCDS | 516 | — | — | [4] | 2016-09-08 |
| HGNC | 519 | 191 | 297 | [5] | 2017-05-12 |
| Ensembl | 540 | 594 | 247 | [6] | 2017-03-29 |
| UniProt | 550 | — | — | [7] | 2018-02-28 |
| NCBI | 555 | 487 | 333 | [8][9][10] | 2017-05-19 |
Gene list
Шаблон:Category see also The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 20. For complete list, see the link in the infobox on the right. Шаблон:Columns-list
Diseases and disorders
The following diseases are some of those related to genes on chromosome 20:[11]
- Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy
- Arterial tortuosity syndrome
- Adenosine deaminase deficiency
- Alagille syndrome
- Galactosialidosis - CTSA
- Maturity onset diabetes of the young type 1
- Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis
- Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration
- Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (prion diseases)
- Waardenburg syndrome
Cytogenetic band
| Chr. | Arm[13] | Band[14] | ISCN start[15] |
ISCN stop[15] |
Basepair start |
Basepair stop |
Stain[16] | Density |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | p | 13 | 0 | 333 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 20 | p | 12.3 | 333 | 513 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 75 |
| 20 | p | 12.2 | 513 | 624 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 20 | p | 12.1 | 624 | 915 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 75 |
| 20 | p | 11.23 | 915 | 1164 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 20 | p | 11.22 | 1164 | 1275 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 25 |
| 20 | p | 11.21 | 1275 | 1441 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 20 | p | 11.1 | 1441 | 1608 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | acen | |
| 20 | q | 11.1 | 1608 | 1774 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | acen | |
| 20 | q | 11.21 | 1774 | 1927 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 20 | q | 11.22 | 1927 | 2051 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 25 |
| 20 | q | 11.23 | 2051 | 2232 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 20 | q | 12 | 2232 | 2439 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 75 |
| 20 | q | 13.11 | 2439 | 2578 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 20 | q | 13.12 | 2578 | 2758 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 25 |
| 20 | q | 13.13 | 2758 | 3077 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 20 | q | 13.2 | 3077 | 3299 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 75 |
| 20 | q | 13.31 | 3299 | 3382 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg | |
| 20 | q | 13.32 | 3382 | 3493 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gpos | 50 |
| 20 | q | 13.33 | 3493 | 3770 | Шаблон:Val | Шаблон:Val | gneg |
References
External links
Шаблон:Chromosomes Шаблон:Chromosome genetics
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. Ideogram data for Homo sapience (850 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2014-06-03. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
- ↑ "p": Short arm; "q": Long arm.
- ↑ For cytogenetic banding nomenclature, see article locus.
- ↑ 15,0 15,1 These values (ISCN start/stop) are based on the length of bands/ideograms from the ISCN book, An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). Arbitrary unit.
- ↑ gpos: Region which is positively stained by G banding, generally AT-rich and gene poor; gneg: Region which is negatively stained by G banding, generally CG-rich and gene rich; acen Centromere. var: Variable region; stalk: Stalk.
