Английская Википедия:Circassians in Kosovo

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox ethnic group Шаблон:Circassians The Circassians in Kosovo (Шаблон:Lang-ady; Шаблон:Lang-sq; Шаблон:Lang-sr) were a group of the Circassian people who lived in Kosovo beginning in the mid-19th century, when they were exiled during the Circassian genocide to the Ottoman Empire after the Russo-Circassian War. During this time, the Circassians in Kosovo were from three of the twelve Adyghe tribes: the Abzakh, Shapsug and Ubykh.[1] In 1998 they numbered 200.Шаблон:Citation needed

History

Arrival in Kosovo

After the Circassian genocide following the Russo-Circassian War, large number of Circassians were exiled to the Ottoman Empire, including in Kosovo.[2] Between 1858 and 1862, 6,000 Circassian families settled in Kosovo.[2][3] Other Circassians were settled in Niš and Prokuplje between 1862 and 1863.[2][4] Around 12,000 Circassians were once again sent to Kosovo and Serbia in following months.[2][5] In total, 40,000 Circassians were settled in Kosovo alone.[6]

The Ottoman Empire aimed to make life easier for the newly arrived Circassians, and did not tax them and they were provided with materials to farm with.[2][7] The Circassians were not well received by both Albanians and Serbs.[8] Both Albanians and Serbs considered the Circassians to be wild and primitive Barbarians.[8] People of the Kosovo region as well as some regional governors helped Circassians.[2][9][10] Since there was no mosque in Babimusa, where more than 200 Circassian families were settled, the local administration started to work on the construction of a mosque at the end of 1864.[2][11]

Decrease in population

Majority leaving the region (1877–1878)

The Circassians in Bulgaria fiercely opposed the Bulgarian Revolt in 1876. Kosovo Circassians also joined the Bulgarian Circassians.[2][7] European countries in turn demanded that the Circassians leave the region.[12]

Circassians sided with the Turkish army during the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878).[7] After the war, the Circassians were seen as a "Muslim threat" and expelled from Kosovo, Bulgaria and other parts of the Balkans by Russian armies following the end of the Russo-Turkish war. They were not allowed to return,[13][14] so the Ottoman authorities settled them in new other lands such as in modern Jordan (see Circassians in Jordan), where they would have conflict with Bedouin Arabs,[15] and Turkey (see Circassians in Turkey).[16]

Last remnants leaving for Adygea (1998-1999)

When the Kosovo War began, the Circassians in Kosovo emigrated to their ancestral homeland, Republic of Adygea, where they founded a village named Mafekhabl near the republic's capital of Maykop.[17] Muammar Gaddafi sent support and donations to the village. Gaddafi, according to his own words, showed a deep respect for the Circassians and their historical suffering.[18]

Known families

Below is a list of some of the Circassian families who live or have lived in Kosovo.[19]

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Шаблон:Circassian diaspora Шаблон:Ethnic groups in Kosovo Шаблон:Authority control

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5 2,6 2,7 Шаблон:Cite journal
  3. ↑ Jusuf Osmani, Çerkezët në Kosovë, Olymp, Prishtinë 2014, p. 40.
  4. ↑ Jusuf Osmani, Çerkezët në Kosovë, Olymp, Prishtinë 2014, p. 26.
  5. ↑ Takvîm-i Vekâyi, 1 Ağustos 1864, No: 759, s. 1.
  6. ↑ Jusuf Osmani, Çerkezët në Kosovë, Olymp, Prishtinë 2014, p. 21, 26, 40.
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 7,2 Noel Malcolm, Kosova: Balkanları Anlamak İçin, çev. Özden Arıkan, Sabah Kitapları, İstanbul 1999
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ Turkish archives: BOA, A.}MKT.MHM. 314-100 1281.Ca.15 (16.10.1864).
  10. ↑ Yücel Yiğit, "Kosova Çerkezleri", Geçmişten Günümüze Göç III, ed. Osman Köse, Canik Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, Samsun 2017, s. 2177.
  11. ↑ Turkish archives: BOA, İ..DH.. 534-37022-1 1281.C.05 (05.11.1864); BOA, İ..DH.. 534-37022-2 1281.Ş.16 (14.01.1865); BOA, İ..DH.. 534-37022-3 1281.Ş.29 (28.01.1865); BOA, İ..DH.. 534-37022-4 1281.N.22 (18.02.1865); BOA, İ..DH.. 534-37022-5 1281.L.07 (05.03.1865); BOA, A.}MKT. MHM. 326-86 1281.L.15 (13.03.1865). Babimusa adı bir belgede Babinmusa olarak geçmektedir. BOA, İ..DH.. 534-37022-1 1281.C.05 (05.11.1864).
  12. ↑ İsmail Hakkı Uzunçarşılı,"Tersane Konferansının Mukarreratı Hakkında Şûra Mazbatası", İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Tarih Dergisi, VI/9 (1954), s. 125., Dipnot: 2.
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  14. ↑ BOA, HR. SYS. 1219/5, lef 28, p. 4
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  16. ↑ Natho, Kadir I. Circassian History.
  17. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  18. ↑ Al- Shishani, Murad Batal. Qaddafi Tries to Secure Loyalty of Circassians of Misrata
  19. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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