Английская Википедия:Civil clause
Шаблон:Primary sources Civil clause (German: Zivilklausel), sometimes civilian clause or civilians' clause, is a voluntary commitment by academic institutions to engage exclusively in civil (i.e. non-military) research.
The idea originates in Japan: In 1950, the Science Council of Japan established that its members will refuse to participate in military-related research projects. Such a declaration was repeated in 1967, and in 2017.[1]
In Germany, Universität Bremen was the first to put a Civil Clause in effect. Its resolution no.5113 from 1986 declared: Шаблон:Quote This declaration has been renewed in 1992 and in 2020[2]
Since then, many German universities have followed this example.
- Technische Universität Darmstadt requires:
- TU Berlin's academic senate decided in 1991:
- Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen amended its constitution in 2010 as follows:
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen on February 13 (2013) supplemented the following Civil Clause to its mission statement:
Civil Clauses can be regarded as contemporary extensions of Merton's norms on scientific ethos.
List of German Universities with Civil Clauses
- Technische Universität Berlin
- Universität Bremen
- Universität Konstanz
- Technische Universität Dortmund
- Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg
- Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
- Technische Universität Ilmenau
- Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
- Universität Rostock
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- Universität Kassel
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
External links
- German Initiative for Civil Clauses
- Zivilklausel Universität Köln
- Military use of research pushback in Japan and South Korea
References
- ↑ Science Council of Japan March 27, 2017: Statement on Research for Military Security [1]
- ↑ Universität Bremen's Civilian Clause Confirmed (2020) [2]
