Английская Википедия:Claire von Greyerz

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Файл:Clara Forster by Ludovike Simanowiz.png
Clara Forster in 1805, painted by Ludovike Simanowiz

Clara von Greyerz (Шаблон:Nee; 21 November 1789 – 3 February 1839) was a German papercutting artist. She was born in Mainz, the daughter of world traveller Georg Forster and his wife Therese. Her father became a revolutionary in the Republic of Mainz from 1792 until his death in 1794, while her mother lived in the Neuchâtel area with her lover and eventual husband Ludwig Ferdinand Huber. The family moved to Tübingen, Stuttgart and Ulm, where her stepfather died in December 1804, when she was already engaged to the forester Шаблон:Ill. They married in 1805, living in Stoffenried, Günzburg, Augsburg and Bayreuth, and had ten children between 1806 and 1832. In Augsburg, von Greyerz became acquainted with Hortense de Beauharnais, and her children played with Hortense's son, the future Napoleon III of France. Von Greyerz was known for her papercuts, some of which she swapped with fellow artist Luise Duttenhofer. In 1836, she visited Hortense at Arenenberg and published a report of her experiences there.

Early life

Clara Forster, usually called Claire by her family,Шаблон:Sfn was born on 21 November 1789 in Mainz.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Efn She was the second daughter of Georg Forster and his wife Therese.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Her father, who had taken part in the second voyage of James Cook,Шаблон:Sfn was the librarian of the University of Mainz.Шаблон:Sfn She had an older sister Therese, who was born in 1786.Шаблон:Sfn In 1790, her mother and Ludwig Ferdinand Huber, a young Saxon diplomat and writer, became lovers.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Forster accepted living in a Шаблон:Lang,Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn and Huber moved into the house of the Forsters in autumn 1790.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

The city of Mainz was captured by French revolutionary troops under General Custine in October 1792.Шаблон:Sfn This led to the establishment of a Jacobin club and later the Republic of Mainz, in which Georg Forster became an important figure.Шаблон:Sfn Her mother then left Mainz for Strasbourg in December 1792, accompanied by her daughters and the Forsters' lodger, Thomas Brand. On the way, they met soldiers who mocked them, but were delighted by Clara greeting them with Шаблон:LangШаблон:Sfn In January 1793, Therese and the children continued to Neuchâtel. She planned to divorce Forster and marry Huber, and Forster agreed that Clara should live with them after the divorce, unlike her elder sister who was his favourite.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn In November 1793, Georg, who had gone to Paris as representative of the Mainz Republic,Шаблон:Sfn managed to come to Travers, where he stayed with his wife and children and Huber for a few days.Шаблон:Sfn This was the last time that Claire met her father, who died in Paris on 10 January 1794.Шаблон:Sfn On 10 April 1794, her mother and Huber were married.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The family moved to Bôle near Neuchâtel,Шаблон:Sfn and started using French as the family language.Шаблон:Sfn

Файл:Gottlieb von Greyerz by Georg Volmar, ca. 1805.png
Gottlieb von Greyerz, ca. 1805, painting by Georg Volmar

When Huber obtained editorial positions at Johann Friedrich Cotta's Шаблон:Lang and then the Шаблон:Lang in 1798, the family moved to Tübingen and then to Stuttgart.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Huber met Шаблон:Ill, who had obtained a position of head forester in Шаблон:Ill close to Günzburg, and introduced him to his family.Шаблон:Sfn In 1804, the Huber family moved to Ulm.Шаблон:Sfn The 27-year-old Gottlieb von Greyerz became engaged to 14-year-old Claire; Huber was on a journey to Leipzig and Berlin and consented in a letter.Шаблон:Sfn The wedding was supposed to take place two years later.Шаблон:Sfn Ludwig Huber died in Ulm on 24 December 1804, leading to the wedding being moved earlier, to spring of 1805.Шаблон:Sfn In preparation, her mother sent Claire and her sister Luise to Stuttgart for two months; Claire was supposed to be educated in music, especially in playing the guitar, before getting married.Шаблон:Sfn

Married life

Файл:Aerial image of the Markgrafenschloss Günzburg (view from the south).jpg
Castle in Günzburg

Claire and Gottlieb von Greyerz married in Göppingen on 9 May 1805.Шаблон:Sfn Claire's mother Therese Huber moved into their Stoffenried house with her children Luise and Victor Aimé and lived with the family until 1816.Шаблон:Sfn Gottlieb became senior forester for the Günzburg area in 1806 and moved to official living quarters in the castle in Günzburg in January 1807.Шаблон:Sfn From 1810 to 1829, Gottlieb was Royal Bavarian Forest Inspector in Augsburg;Шаблон:Sfn the family moved from Günzburg to Augsburg in November 1818.Шаблон:Sfn In Augsburg, she became acquainted with Hortense de Beauharnais, the former queen consort of Holland.Шаблон:Sfn The von Greyerz children played with and were sometimes educated together with Hortense's son Louis-Napoléon, who later became Napoleon III of France.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn In 1823, Claire's mother also moved to Augsburg, where she died in June 1829.Шаблон:Sfn From 1829, Gottlieb worked in Bayreuth.Шаблон:Sfn In 1836, during a visit to Switzerland,Шаблон:Sfn von Greyerz visited Hortense at her Arenenberg residence and wrote a report about the castle and the life of the Napoleon family.Шаблон:Sfn Her report, which has been described both as "somewhat trivial"Шаблон:Sfn and as among "the most vivid and detailed descriptions of life at Arenenberg",Шаблон:Sfn was published in the Шаблон:Lang in May 1838 and re-published in the Шаблон:Ill in 1941.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Claire von Greyerz died in Bayreuth on 3 February 1839.Шаблон:Sfn[1]

Claire and Gottlieb von Greyerz had ten children, born between 1806 and 1832.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

Papercuts

Файл:Greyerz1817.png
Gottlieb von Greyerz, 1817 papercut by Claire von Greyerz

Von Greyerz was an accomplished papercutting artist. According to a story told by her granddaughter Emilie Billon-Haller, this began when she was given paper and scissors during an illness at age six.Шаблон:Sfn The Stuttgart-based papercutting artist Luise Duttenhofer was a family friend who made a silhouette of her mother and may have helped her develop her technique.Шаблон:Sfn It is possible they came in contact during one of von Greyerz' visits to Stuttgart between 1803 and 1815, where von Greyerz stayed with Duttenhofer's friend Karl Mayer in 1813.Шаблон:Sfn The two women swapped papercuts,Шаблон:Sfn and some of the von Greyerz papercuts are now in the collection of the Шаблон:Ill, just like those of Duttenhofer.Шаблон:Sfn According to Billon-Haller, the von Greyerz papercuts are poetic, allegoric or romantic and include beautiful landscapes.Шаблон:Sfn There are also domestic scenes and antique or mythological themes present in her work,Шаблон:Sfn as well as Biblical or Indic motives that she had encountered while reading.Шаблон:Sfn

She was featured in the 2017 edition of her hometown's Шаблон:Lang, a calendar featuring women associated with Mainz.[2]

References

Footnotes

Шаблон:Notelist

Citations

Шаблон:Reflist

Sources

Шаблон:Authority control

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  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite magazine
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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