Английская Википедия:Claude, Duke of Guise

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Файл:Arms of Claude de Lorraine.svg

Coat of arms of the Duke of Guise

Claude de Lorraine, Duke of Guise (20 October 1496 – 12 April 1550) was a French aristocrat and general. He became the first Duke of Guise in 1528.

He was a highly effective general for the French crown. His children and grandchildren were to lead the Catholic party in the French Wars of Religion.

Biography

Claude was born at the Château de Condé-sur-Moselle, the second son of René II, Duke of Lorraine, and Philippa of Guelders.Шаблон:Sfn He was educated at the French court of Francis I. On 9 June 1513, at the age of sixteen, Claude married Antoinette de Bourbon (1493–1583),Шаблон:Sfn daughter of François, Count of Vendôme.Шаблон:Sfn

Military service

Claude distinguished himself at the Battle of Marignano (1515),Шаблон:Sfn and was long in recovering from the twenty-two wounds he received in the battle. In 1521, he fought at Fuenterrabia, and Louise of Savoy ascribed the capture of the place to his efforts. In 1522, he forced the English to raise the siege of Hesdin. In 1523, he became governor of Champagne and Burgundy, after defeating at Neufchâteau the imperial troops who had invaded this province. In 1525, Claude defeated a peasant army near Saverne (Zabern).Шаблон:Sfn Following Francis I's return from captivity, Claude was made Duke of Guise in 1527.Шаблон:Sfn The Guises, as cadets of the sovereign House of Lorraine and descendants of the Capetian House of Anjou, claimed precedence over the Bourbon, princes of Condé, and Conti.Шаблон:Sfn

Marriage and issue

Claude married Antoinette de Bourbon,Шаблон:Sfn daughter of François, Count of Vendôme and Marie de Luxembourg, on 9 June 1513; they had:

• Mary of Guise (1515–1560); married firstly Louis II d'Orléans, Duke of Longueville and secondly king James V of Scotland and had issue, including Mary, Queen of ScotsШаблон:Sfn
• Francis, Duke of Guise (1519–1563)Шаблон:Sfn
• Louise of Guise (10 January 1520, Bar-le-Duc – 18 October 1542); married Charles I, Duke of Arschot on 20 February 1541.Шаблон:Sfn
• Renée of Guise (2 September 1522 – 3 April 1602), Abbess of St. Pierre, ReimsШаблон:Sfn
• Charles of Guise (1524–1574), Duke of Chevreuse, Archbishop of Reims, and Cardinal of Lorraine.Шаблон:Sfn
• Claude, Duke of Aumale (1526–1573)Шаблон:Sfn
• Louis I, Cardinal of Guise (1527–1578)Шаблон:Sfn
• Philip of Guise (3 September 1529, Joinville – 24 September 1529, Joinville)
• Peter of Guise (b. 3 April 1530, Joinville); died young.
• Antoinette of Guise (31 August 1531, Joinville – 6 March 1561, Joinville), Abbess of Faremoutiers
• François de Lorraine, Grand Prior (18 April 1534, Joinville – 6 March 1563)Шаблон:Sfn
• René, Marquis of Elbeuf (1536–1566)Шаблон:Sfn

By an unnamed mistress,Шаблон:Sfn Claude had:

• sonШаблон:Sfn

Death

Claude fell ill in 1550, and despite being under the care of five doctors, died on 12 April.Шаблон:Sfn

• Antoinette de Bourbon

  Antoinette de Bourbon

• Queen Mary of Guise

  Queen Mary of Guise

• Duke Francis of Guise

  Duke Francis of Guise

• Cardinal Charles of Lorraine

  Cardinal Charles of Lorraine

• Queen Mary of Scots

  Queen Mary of Scots

See also

• Duke of Lorraine
• Dukes of Lorraine family tree

References

• Шаблон:Cite book45
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite encyclopedia
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book

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