Английская Википедия:Cleethorpes

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Cleethorpes (Шаблон:IPAc-en) is a seaside town on the estuary of the Humber in North East Lincolnshire, England with a population of 38,372 in 2020. It has been permanently occupied since the 6th century, with fishing as its original industry, then developing into a resort in the 19th century. Before becoming a unified town, Cleethorpes was made up of the three small villages of Itterby, Oole and Thrunscoe.

The town lies on the Greenwich meridian and its average annual rainfall is amongst the lowest in the British Isles.

In 2021, The Trainline named Cleethorpes beach the second best seaside destination in the UK that is reachable by train, just behind Margate.

History

Файл:Ross Castle Beacon, Diamond Jubliee 2012.jpg

A beacon was lit on the top of Ross Castle to mark the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II on Monday 4 June 2012

The name Cleethorpes is thought to come from joining the words clee, an old word for clay, and thorpes, an Old English/Old Norse word for villages, and is of comparatively modern origin. Before becoming a unified town, Cleethorpes was made up of three small villages, or "thorpes": Itterby, Oole and Thrunscoe, which were part of a wider parish called Clee (centred on Old Clee).

Whilst there are Neolithic and Bronze Age remains in the area, permanent occupation appears to date from the 6th century, with substantial communities appearing only in the 9th century when the Danes arrived.

The manor of Itterby was purchased in 1616 by the trustees of Peter Blundell's charity for the benefit of scholars and fellows at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge from Blundell's School, Tiverton. This is reflected in many of the street and park names in the area.

Cleethorpes developed as a fishing village. By the time of the 1801 census the population was 284. The 1820s saw the first developments of Cleethorpes as a health holiday resort, with sea-bathing and the taking of medicinal waters becoming fashionable. By 1831 the population had increased to 497.

In 1842 the Cleethorpes Enclosure Bill was enacted. Шаблон:Convert of land were divided among land owners and eight new roads developed. In 1848 Cleethorpes was described as
"...much resorted to as a bathing-place, for which it is highly eligible; the air is pure, the scenery good and besides a few lodging-houses and smaller inns, there is a large hotel, built some years since, on an eminence embracing extensive views of the sea, the Humber, and the Yorkshire coast. Many of the population are employed in the oyster-fisheries."

The resort expanded following the linking of the town by railway with industrial towns in Yorkshire. Cleethorpes Pier opened in 1873 and the promenade in 1885. Cleethorpes with Thrunscoe was created as a Local Board of Health District in 1873, and under the Local Government Act of 1894 it became an urban district. Its headquarters was established at Cleethorpes Town Hall in 1905.

In 1916 the urban district was renamed Cleethorpes, and in 1922 and 1927 the town's boundaries were extended to include part of Humberston (as far as North Sea Lane) and the Beacon Hill area of Weelsby parish. In 1936 Cleethorpes was granted a charter of incorporation to become a municipal borough.

Cleethorpes successfully resisted attempts by Grimsby to absorb it and in 1974 it became the Borough of Cleethorpes within the new county of Humberside. However, when Humberside County Council was abolished in 1996, Cleethorpes Borough Council was joined with Grimsby Borough Council as the unitary authority of North East Lincolnshire. In 2009 North East Lincolnshire Council agreed to market the towns of Grimsby, Immingham and Cleethorpes, under the 'Greater Grimsby' banner.

Local residents from Lincolnshire and the Yorkshire and Humber area affectionately refer to Cleethorpes as Meggies. Cleethorpes can also be known as "down beach".

Redevelopment

Файл:Meridian marker at Cleethorpes - geograph.org.uk - 108089.jpg

Greenwich meridian marker

The Winter Gardens, a venue for a variety of events, was demolished in 2007 and replaced by 47 flats. During a mass boycott of punk bands in the 1970s the Winter Gardens was just one of five U.K. venues that allowed the likes of the Clash, AC/DC and the Sex Pistols to perform. The old mini steam railway running from the seafront Leisure centre to St Anthony's bank has been extended and significantly improved whilst a cafe, taphouse, and gallery has been added to the boating lake, many ducks and geese use the boating lake to breed making it a pleasant place to visit. A large open air show ground has been built close to the eastern end of the boating lake often showing live bands and hosting special events, most notably hosting the London 2012 Olympic torch relay. A new RNLI station is set to be completed on the Central Promenade by 2025.

Twin town

Cleethorpes is twinned with Königswinter, Germany.

Geography

Cleethorpes is situated on the southern side of the Humber estuary in North East Lincolnshire - a unitary authority area in the North of England. The Greenwich meridian passes through the town and a signpost shows some distances to worldwide locations. North Pole Шаблон:Cvt, South Pole Шаблон:Cvt, New York City Шаблон:Cvt, London Шаблон:Cvt.

Cleethorpes is physically linked to the neighbouring town of Grimsby by built up residential estates and the villages of Old Clee and Weelsby are also contiguous with the two towns.

Climate

As with most of the British Isles, Cleethorpes experiences a maritime climate. It has mild summers and cool winters. The average annual rainfall is amongst the lowest in the British Isles. Шаблон:Weather box

Transport

Файл:A busy afternoon at Cleethorpes.jpg

Trains at Cleethorpes station

Cleethorpes railway station is served by two train operating companies:

• TransPennine Express operate hourly trains to Шаблон:Rws, Шаблон:Rws, Шаблон:Rws and Liverpool Lime Street; they also manage the station;
• East Midlands Railway run two-hourly trains to Шаблон:Rws, via Шаблон:Rws for a bus link to Hull.

Trains to London King's Cross, Шаблон:Rws, Шаблон:Rws, Шаблон:Rws, Шаблон:Rws, Шаблон:Rws and Шаблон:Rws are available by travelling to Doncaster and changing there. Connections to Lincoln, Шаблон:Rws and Шаблон:Rws are available by changing at Grimsby Town, for services run by East Midlands Railway.

Bus services to Grimsby, Immingham and nearby villages are operated by Stagecoach East Midlands. There is a bus service to Skegness, via Louth, which runs once a day on weekends in the summer.

The Cleethorpes area is served by the following roads:

• A16 between Grimsby and Peterborough;
• A46 to Bath;
• A180 to Barnetby-le-Wold.

Education

Secondary schools in Cleethorpes include Cleethorpes Academy and Beacon Academy.

From September 2011, N.E. Lincolnshire SSP was the only remaining School Sports Partnership after government funding cuts.

Religion

Файл:St. Peter's Church, Cleethorpes - geograph.org.uk - 279388.jpg

St Peter's Church

The parish church is St Peter's, built in 1866. Other churches are St Francis of Assisi on Sandringham Road, and Holy Trinity and St Mary's Church in Old Clee, the oldest building (built 950 AD) in Grimsby. Christ Church of Cleethorpes, near Machray Place, is also one of the larger parishes.Шаблон:Explain

Sport and leisure

Cleethorpes is home to Blundell Park, the home ground of Grimsby Town; they are one of few English League clubs with a town or city name to have their home ground in a different community.

There is an athletics club and Cleethorpes Rugby Union Football Club who play in the Midlands 4 East (NE).

Cleethorpes cricket ground, known as Cleethorpes Sports Ground, is located on Chichester Road. It hosts professional games such as the 20/20 cup and various county games played by Lincolnshire County Cricket Club, and the Vagabonds cricket team.Шаблон:Citation needed

Cleethorpes Town F.C. play in the Northern Premier League - South East Division. Their home matches are played at the Linden Homes Club, Clee Road, Grimsby.

The old Cleethorpes bathing pool was demolished and replaced in the eighties with a modern leisure centre. Facilities include a large indoor wave pool, badminton and squash courts, a gym and sports hall. The local badminton club meets here.

A greyhound racing track was opened around the outside of the stock car racing track in 1981, which was on the site of the former Cleethorpes Marineland & Zoo which closed in 1977. The racing was independent (not affiliated to the sports governing body the National Greyhound Racing Club NGRC) and was known as a flapping track, which was the nickname given to independent tracks. In 1983, there were plans to build new kennels and join the NGRC but racing only lasted until midway through 1986. The stock cars closed in the mid-1990s.

Governance

Файл:The Old Council House, Cambridge Street - geograph.org.uk - 279383.jpg

Cleethorpes Town Hall

Cleethorpes is currently part of the parliamentary constituency of the same name, which also includes other towns in the area, including Immingham and Barton-upon-Humber. Prior to 1997, Cleethorpes had been included in the constituencies of Brigg and Cleethorpes, Louth (Lincolnshire) and Grimsby.

Since 1945, the members of parliament for Cleethorpes have been as follows:

Election		Member	Party
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1945	Kenneth Younger	Labour
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1950	Sir Cyril Osborne	Conservative
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1969	Jeffrey Archer	Conservative
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1974	Michael Brotherton	Conservative
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1983	Michael Brown	Conservative
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	1997	Shona McIsaac	Labour
style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" |	2010	Martin Vickers	Conservative

Since 1996 Cleethorpes has formed an unparished area in the unitary borough of North East Lincolnshire. Cleethorpes comprises three of the borough's sixteen wards: Croft Baker, Haverstoe and Sidney Sussex. Each ward returns three councillors, so Cleethorpes is represented by 9 of 42 members of the council. Cleethorpes does not have its own town council; however, the nine councillors form the Charter Trustees of the Town of Cleethorpes.

Council wards and elected members

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Cleethorpes town centre

Файл:Cleethorpes beach 2.JPG

Cleethopes Beach

North East Lincolnshire Council has three Council Wards within the area of Cleethorpes. As of 3 May 2018, the councillors are:

Croft Baker Ward:

• Oliver Freeston (C)
• Bob Callison (C)
• Kathryn Wheatley (L)

Sidney Sussex Ward:

• Gaynor Rogers (L)
• Marie Green (L)
• Debbie Rodwell (L)

Haverstoe Ward:

• Bill Parkinson (C)
• Peter C. Smith (C)
• Margaret Cracknell (C)
• Keith Brookes (C)

KEY: (L) = Labour Party (C) = Conservative Party

Media

Local news and television programmes are provided by BBC Yorkshire and Lincolnshire and ITV Yorkshire. Television signals are received from the Belmont TV transmitter.

The town’s local radio stations are BBC Radio Humberside on 95.9 FM, Viking FM on 96.9 FM, Lincs FM, a DAB station and Greatest Hits Radio Yorkshire (formerly Compass FM) on 96.4 FM.

Local newspapers are Grimsby Telegraph and Grimsby & Cleethorpes Advertiser.

Landmarks

While commonly referred to as a seaside resort, Cleethorpes actually sits on the Humber Estuary. The sea at Cleethorpes is actually the mouth of the Humber. This means that bathers are separated from the sea by several hundred metres of sand at low tide.

The sea front provides views of shipping traffic entering and leaving the Humber for the ports of Grimsby, Immingham, Hull and Goole.Шаблон:Citation needed

Two large fortifications, the Humber Forts, are visible in the mouth of the river. On a clear day, the lighthouse situated on Spurn Point can be seen with the naked eye from the North Beach.

There is a Royal National Lifeboat Institution station near the pier and next to the Coastguard on Central Promenade. Work began on a new, larger RNLI station in 2022. Cleethorpes Rescue also protect the beach.

Файл:CleethorpesBoatingLakePano.jpg

The boating lake

Cleethorpes has a large boating lake with many varieties of ducks, swans and geese. There is also a Шаблон:Convert local nature reserve: Cleethorpes Country Park, situated between the resort and the village of Humberston. To the south of Cleethorpes, near Humberston, is a yacht club.

Файл:RossCastleCleethorpes.jpg

Ross Castle

The Cleethorpes Leisure Centre was opened in 1983 to replace the open bathing pool that was wrecked by storms on 11 January 1978. The leisure centre contains a 33-metre pool, 1.8 metres deep, as well as a water slide and a wave machine. The building also contains a gym and a sports hall. In 2012, major work was carried out to the roof of the building due to water damage.

Файл:Kingsway Gardens - geograph.org.uk - 676257.jpg

Kingsway gardens and seafront

Ross Castle, a mock ruin of a castle built in 1885 by the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway, was named after Edward Ross, secretary of the railway company. Its height was the highest point on the cliffs. After a period of closure, the castle was renovated, re-opening in June 2008 to the public. Possibilities of a further closure have been raised after a woman fell to her death on 9 January 2009. In 2007 the town was the Royal Horticultural Societies Britain in Bloom award winner in the coastal category. The town was also received a Silver-Gilt award, a Tourism Award and Jeff Blanchard the Shredded Wheat Community Champions award.Шаблон:Citation needed

A statue of the Boy with the Leaking Boot was given to the town in 1918 by John Carlborn. It is reported that he was a Swedish immigrant to Cleethorpes who had built up a successful shipping business, and that the statue was a copy of one in the Hasselbacken Restaurant in Stockholm, Sweden. The Cleethorpes statue now stands in a pond in the Diana Princess of Wales Memorial Gardens, on Kingsway. It was stolen and replaced in 2002 and 2008, and vandalised in October 2011. In July 2012, two youths were recorded on CCTV as they frolicked naked in the pond and destroyed the fountain. A replacement statue was made by a local garden ornaments manufacturer and installed with improved security in September 2012. A nearby pub was named The Leaking Boot, but was destroyed by fire in June 2009.

Other visitor attractions

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Cleethorpes Coast Light Railway

Файл:Cleethorpes pier - geograph.org.uk - 2382555.jpg

Cleethorpes Pier

• Cleethorpes Coast Light Railway
• The Signal Box Inn (aka The Smallest Pub on the Planet).
• Cleethorpes Pier
• Discovery Centre
• Floyd the Dragon - The Cleethorpes mascot
• Meridian Point
• Pleasure Island Family Theme Park (closed in October 2016)
• The Jungle Zoo.
• The Magical Castle
• Classic Home Cinema : one of the few remaining cinema shops (8, super 8, 9.5 and 16 mm)

There was a roll of honour at Matthew Humberston Foundation School commemorating the deaths of 42 past pupils of the school who died in World War I, but after the closure of the school in 2010, it was put into storage at the North East Lincolnshire Council offices. Шаблон:As of the roll of honour was still being stored by the council, "with a view to being put on public display in a new town centre museum and heritage centre".

UFO sighting

On 22 September 1956 at 3pm a UFO was spotted for more than an hour off the Cleethorpes coast; it was seen by radar at RAF Manby too. It was a large spherical object with a glass appearance. The Lakenheath-Bentwaters incident had happened the month before.

Notable people

• Kristian Adams (b. 1976), cricketer, played for Kent and Lincolnshire, born in Cleethorpes
• Jane Andrews, English former Royal dresser and convicted murderer of Tom Cressman
• Bill Appleyard (1879–1958), footballer for Newcastle United, born in Cleethorpes
• Phil Ball, writer, brought up in Cleethorpes
• H. Hugh Bancroft, organist and composer
• Stephen Bennett, golfer
• John Cockerill, footballer
• Peter Collinson, film producer and director
• Bob Cottam, cricketer
• Eorl Crabtree, rugby league footballer
• Michele Dotrice, actress
• Helen Fospero, television newsreader and journalist
• Vivean Gray, actress
• Alan Green, local politician
• Chris Hargreaves, ex-footballer and ex-manager of Torquay United
• Patricia Hodge, actress
• Linda Ingham, artist
• Jo Kendall, actress
• John Maltby, potter and sculptor
• Gemma Merna, actress
• Don Oslear, cricket umpire
• Michael Parsons, singer, songwriter and earlier member of the boyband District3
• Helen Roberts, singer and actress
• Paul Roberts, cricketer
• Carl Ross, fishery entrepreneur
• Rod Temperton, songwriter, record producer and musician
• Bridget Turner, actress
• Martin John Vickers (b. 1950), British politician
• Lambert Williamson, British film composer, born at 14 Lindum Road
• Richard Witts, musicologist and ex-leader of 1980s group the Passage
• John Derek Woollins, chemist
• Darren Wrack, footballer
• Patrick Wymark, actor

See also

• Brigg and Cleethorpes (UK Parliament constituency)
• Compass FM
• Humber Coast & City Railway
• Orpheus Male Voice Choir, Grimsby & Cleethorpes
• Trolleybuses in Cleethorpes
• Yellowbelly (Lincolnshire)

External links

• Шаблон:Commons category-inline