Английская Википедия:Clement Ligoure

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Clement Courtenay Ligoure (13 October 1887 – 23 May 1922)[1] was a Trinidadian doctor and newspaper publisher who was the first Black physician to practise in Nova Scotia, Canada.[2] He is also noted for treating hundreds of victims of the Halifax Explosion from his home clinic as well as being an editor and publisher of The Atlantic Advocate newspaper.[3]

Early life and education

Born in San Fernando,[4] Trinidad and Tobago, he was the son of Clement François and Amanda M. (née) Crooke. His father worked for the Supreme Court of Trinidad and Tobago.[5]

In April 1906 at age 18, Clement Ligoure immigrated to the United States.[6] That same year, he started studies at Queen's University in Ontario, Canada.[7] At the university, he earned a Bachelor of Medicine Degree in 1914 and a Doctor of Medicine degree in 1916.[5]

Career

Military and early medical work

With World War I underway, Ligoure enlisted in the Canadian military and ended up travelling to Halifax, Nova Scotia—arriving in 1916,[8] two months after getting his final degree[7]—to be a medical officer in the No. 2 Construction Battalion,[5] made up of Black recruits. However, an "error" in the application resulted in him being replaced by a white physician, "likely due to the British War Office ergo the Canadian Department of Militias and Defence refusing to see past the colour bar."[5] He still assisted by raising money[5] and spent seven months recruiting[9] for the battalion.

Despite being a licensed physician, Ligoure was not allowed to use hospitals in Halifax.[3] Still, he served as medical officer for Canadian National Railway workers.[5] His fifteen-person clinic[5] was located in his house and named the Amanda Private Hospital for his mother.[3]

Halifax Explosion

After the Halifax Explosion on 6 December 1917, Ligoure worked long hours to treat blast victims.[8] Some of the patients that filled his clinic had been unable to get medical help elsewhere.[7] In a statement to Dr. Archibald MacMechan, Ligoure conveyed that he worked day and night:

In spite of the warning of a second explosion, he worked steadily till 8 p.m. ... Seven people spent the night in his office, laid upon blankets. On December 7th, 8th and 9th, he worked steadily both night and day, doing outside work at night.[10]

At first his only support was from his housekeeper and his boarder.[5] On 10 December, Ligoure requested assistance from City Hall and received two nurses to come with him to establish an "official dressing station" for changing and applying bandages.[7] Eventually, he was leading ten nurses, six other women and four soldiers (one of whom was a physician).[7]

His work continued to 28 December, with records indicating nearly 200 patients were helped each day.[11] His patients were almost all White.[7] According to archival records, patients were not charged.[3] This work has led him to be recognized as a "local hero"[2] and "unsung hero".[12]

The Atlantic Advocate newspaper

Ligoure served as the editor and publisher of The Atlantic Advocate.[11] Publication took place in the home he had purchased in 1917 at 166 North Street.[5] It was the first newspaper in Nova Scotia owned and published by Black Canadians.[13] The newspaper ran from 1915 to 1917 and its masthead read: "Devoted to the interests of colored people."[14]

Death and legacy

During a visit with his brother Clarence in Tobago, Ligoure contracted malignant malaria. He was transported to the Colonial Hospital in Port of Spain, Trinidad, where he died on 23 May 1922.[5]

David Woods' play Extraordinary Acts, in part, dramatized Ligoure's role in the Halifax Explosion. It was scheduled to be staged in 2020, but was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[8]

An inaugural "Dr. Clement Ligoure Award" was given in 2021 by the Doctors Nova Scotia organization to Nova Scotia's Chief Medical Officer of Health.[11] It is a non-annual prize given to a physician for handling a medical crisis in Nova Scotia.[15]

In Halifax, the former house of Ligoure (of which only a part still stands[5]) was given heritage status on 24 January 2023. The decision by Halifax's regional council followed lobbying efforts by notable Black community members.[3] The house is listed at 5812-14 North Street,[5] and was built in 1892.[3]

References

  1. ↑ [Philip] Hartling, 1-4: PANS RG83, v3, n12, 16 Liguore, Clement C., Nova Scotia Archives, birth date in Dr. Ligoure's own handwriting on medical board application.
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 3,4 3,5 Шаблон:Cite web
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  5. ↑ 5,00 5,01 5,02 5,03 5,04 5,05 5,06 5,07 5,08 5,09 5,10 5,11 Шаблон:Cite web
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 7,2 7,3 7,4 7,5 Шаблон:Cite journal
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 8,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  11. ↑ 11,0 11,1 11,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite encyclopedia
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web

External links


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