Английская Википедия:Coal Road
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use British English Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox road The Coal Road (also known as the Galloway Gate Road) is an unclassified highway which connects the railway stations at Шаблон:Rws and Шаблон:Rws in Cumbria, England. The road is within the Yorkshire Dales National Park, and was historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire.[note 1] The name derives from its use transporting locally mined coal, although before that it was used as a droving route between England and Scotland through Mallerstang.
History
The Coal Road connects Garsdale and Dentdale, scouting the western edge of Great Knoutberry Hill, reaching a height of Шаблон:Convert.[2] Due to its height, it regularly is blocked by snow during the winter months.[3] The road gets its name from the many coal workings that were scattered around to the east of the road on the northern slopes of Great Knoutberry.[4]Шаблон:Sfn
A licence to work the coal by the road was first granted in 1742,Шаблон:Sfn and the miners used The Coal Road to move their coal by pack horse into Dentdale, Garsdale, Sedbergh, and even as far as Kendal, until the coming of the Settle Carlisle Railway, which allowed better coal to be railed in from elsewhere.[5]Шаблон:Sfn At its height, the coal-mining industry on the northern edge of Great Knoutberry extended to twenty workings, but all were fairly shallow pits dug easily from ground level down.Шаблон:Sfn The seam of coal was only Шаблон:Convert thick, but was valued by the whitesmiths in the dale.Шаблон:Sfn Cross Pits Colliery, the largest coal concern, was registered as being Шаблон:Convert above sea level.[6] The pits were mostly shallow and winding of the coal was by hand, using a winch known as a "jack roller".Шаблон:Sfn
Mapping also shows the name of the track to be Galloway Gate Road.Шаблон:Sfn Galloway Gate was part of the old drovers route between England and Scotland through Mallerstang (to the north). The Coal Road from Lea Yeat in Cowgill, to Garsdale railway station is Шаблон:Convert long, and was tarmacked in 1954.Шаблон:Sfn The name Galwaithegate was referred to in a document from the 12th century, describing a road between Tebay and Kirkby Lonsdale along which cattle were transported. It is thought that the Scottish Galloway cattle may have given rise to the name.Шаблон:Sfn
The Coal Road is renowned in cycling circles due to its steep climb from Dentdale out towards Garsdale Head,[7] and the tarmacked route which "undulates like a fairground ride".Шаблон:Sfn The road is part of the Etape du Dales sportive which is held each May.[8] A section of the road is part of the Pennine Bridleway.[9]
Notes
References
Sources
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