Английская Википедия:Cold-hardy citrus
Cold-hardy citrus is citrus with increased frost tolerance and which may be cultivated far beyond traditional citrus growing regions. Citrus species and citrus hybrids typically described as cold-hardy generally display an ability to withstand wintertime temperatures below Шаблон:Convert. Cold-hardy citrus may be generally accepted 'true' species (e.g. Satsuma mandarin, kumquat) or hybrids (e.g. citrange) involving various other citrus species. All citrus fruits are technically edible, though some have bitter flavors often regarded as unpleasant, and this variability is also seen in cold-hardy citrus fruits. Those listed as "inedible fresh" or "semi-edible" can (like all citrus) be cooked to make marmalade.
Varieties
Varieties of true citrus considered cold-hardy, ordered from most to least hardy:
| Name | Binomial | Hardiness | Edibility | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trifoliate orange | Citrus trifoliata | Шаблон:Convert[1] | Inedible fresh | Used as rootstock and will freely hybridize with other citrus |
| Ichang papeda | Citrus cavaleriei | Шаблон:Convert | Inedible fresh | Parent to a number of hybrids, including the yuzu, sudachi, ichang lemon/shangjuan, and others |
| Jiouyuezao mandarin | Citrus reticulata 'Jiouyuezao' | Шаблон:Convert[2] | Edible | Long cultivated in China |
| Changsha mandarin | Citrus reticulata 'Changsha' | Шаблон:Convert | Edible but seedy | Long cultivated in China |
| Kumquat | Citrus japonica | Шаблон:Convert[3] | Edible | Fruit eaten whole with a sweet skin and sour pulp |
| Desert lime | Citrus glauca | Шаблон:Convert | Edible, Used in cooking. | Fruit eaten whole |
| Satsuma | Citrus reticulata 'Unshiu', syn. Citrus unshiu | Шаблон:Convert[4]Шаблон:Full citation needed | Edible; excellent[5] | Long cultivated in China |
Interspecific hybrids
Interspecific hybrid varieties considered cold-hardy, ordered from most to least hardy:
| Name | Binomial | Hardiness | Edibility | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Citrandarin | Citrus reticulata × Citrus trifoliata e.g. Cultivar US852 | Шаблон:Convert | Edible | 'Changsha' citrandarin is the hardiest citrus hybrid |
| Citrange | Citrus × sinensis × Citrus trifoliata | Шаблон:Convert[6] | Semi-edible | 'Rusk' is considered the most edible citrange |
| Citrangequat | Citrus japonica × Citrange | Шаблон:Convert[6] | Edible | 'Thomasville' is considered the most edible citrangequat |
| Citrumelo | Citrus × paradisi × Citrus trifoliata | Шаблон:Convert | Semi-edible | 'Dunstan' is considered the most edible citrumelo |
| Kabosu | Citrus cavaleriei × Citrus x aurantium | Шаблон:Convert | Edible, Used in cooking | Long cultivated in Japan |
| Shuangjuan (Ichang lemon) | Citrus cavaleriei × Citrus maxima | Шаблон:Convert | Edible, Used in cooking | Long cultivated in China |
| Yuzu | Citrus cavaleriei × Citrus reticulata | Шаблон:Convert | Edible, Used in cooking | Originally cultivated in China; spread to Japan, where many cultivars have been developed |
| Sudachi | Citrus x junos × Citrus leiocarpa | Шаблон:Convert | Edible, Used in cooking | Long cultivated in Japan |
| Orangequat | Citrus sinensis × Citrus japonica | Шаблон:Convert | Edible | 'Nippon' is favored for edibility and hardiness |
| Rangpur lime | Citrus medica × Citrus reticulata | Шаблон:Convert | Edible, Used in cooking | Long cultivated in South Asia |
| Calamondin | Citrus reticulata × Citrus japonica | Шаблон:Convert | Edible, Used in cooking | Long cultivated in the Philippines |
| Chinotto | Citrus x aurantium var. 'myrtifolia' | Шаблон:Convert | Edible. Used in cooking, too bitter to eat raw | Long cultivated in Southern Italy, Malta and Libya |
See also
References
External links
- ↑ "Isolation of genes from cold acclimated Poncirus trifoliata and Citrus unshiu" (https://etd.auburn.edu/bitstream/handle/10415/737/ZHANG_CANKUI_23.pdf])
- ↑ China/FAO Citrus Symposium "Mandarin-like Hybrids of Recent interest for Fresh Consumption. Problems and Ways of Control". FAO.
- ↑ Sauls, J. W., & Jackson, L. K. Cold-Hardy Citrus for North Florida. Document FC-36Шаблон:Dead link. University of Florida, IFAS Extension.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 "Cold Hardy Citrus and Hybrids". Limette (Newsletter Citrus Friends Europe) 8: 1–2.
