Английская Википедия:Colorful puffleg
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use American English
The colorful puffleg (Eriocnemis mirabilis) is an Endangered species of hummingbird in the "brilliants", tribe Heliantheini in subfamily Lesbiinae. It is endemic to Colombia.[1][2][3]
Taxonomy and systematics
The colorful puffleg is monotypic.[1] It is closely related to the emerald-bellied puffleg (E. aline) and they have variously been deemed sister species or a superspecies. However, one author has suggested that because their plumage is so different from that of other Eriocnemis pufflegs that they should have their own genus.[4]
Description
The colorful puffleg is about Шаблон:Convert long. It has a straight blackish bill. The male has dark shining green upperparts with a glittering green forehead. It has an iridescent green gorget and upper breast, a glittering indigo blue belly, and glittering red and copper undertail coverts. The tail is forked; it is dark bronzy green above and shining golden bronzy green below. The female has mostly white underparts with green dots on the sides of the throat and the breast and reddish bronze spots on the flanks and the sides of the belly. Both sex's leg puffs are white with cinnamon tips, though the female's are smaller than the male's.[5]
Distribution and habitat
The colorful puffleg is known only from a few locations on the west slope of the Western Andes in Colombia's Cauca Department. Most observations have been in undisturbed cloud forest but it also occurs at the forest edge and in clearings. The plant communities are characterized by Colombian oak (Quercus humboldtii) and plants of genera Billia, Clusia, Persea, Hyeronima, and Weinmannia. The observations have been in the fairly narrow elevational range of Шаблон:Convert.[5]
Behavior
Movement
The colorful puffleg is sedentary.[5]
Feeding
The colorful puffleg feeds mostly at levels between Шаблон:Convert above the ground. It has been recorded feeding on nectar from Tillandsia delicatula, Clusia coremandra and other Clusia species, Anthopterus oliganthus, Cavendishia bracteata, Psammisia columbiensis, Besleria quadrangulata, Elleanthus aurantiacus, and Palicourea killipii.[5]
Breeding
Nothing is known about the colorful puffleg's breeding phenology.[5]
Vocalization
As of early 2022, Cornell University's Macaulay Library had no recordings of colorful puffleg vocalization, and Xeno-canto had only three. What is thought to be its song is "a repeated single metallic short note 'tsit'".[5]
Status
The IUCN originally assessed the colorful puffleg as Threatened, then in 1994 as Vulnerable and in 2000 as Critically Endangered. The most recent assessment, in 2017, downlisted it to Endangered. Its population is estimated at 250 to 999 adult individuals and is believed to be decreasing. It occupies a few small sites with a total area of suitable habitat of only Шаблон:Convert within its nominal range of about Шаблон:Convert. In 2005, Swarovski Optik donated funds which allowed the American Bird Conservancy and Fundación ProAves to create the Шаблон:Convert Aves Mirabilis Swarovski Nature Reserve for this species. Another site is within Munchique National Natural Park. However, all of the sites are under pressure from logging and illegal coca growing.[3][5][6]
References
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ HBW and BirdLife International (2020) Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world Version 5. Available at: http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v5_Dec20.zip [.xls zipped 1 MB] retrieved 27 May 2021
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокIUCNне указан текст - ↑ Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 31 January 2022. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved February 1, 2022
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 5,2 5,3 5,4 5,5 5,6 Heynen, I., P. F. D. Boesman, and C. J. Sharpe (2020). Colorful Puffleg (Eriocnemis mirabilis), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.colpuf2.01 retrieved March 15, 2022
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- Английская Википедия
- Eriocnemis
- Birds of the Colombian Andes
- Endemic birds of Colombia
- Critically endangered animals
- Critically endangered biota of South America
- Birds described in 1967
- Taxa named by Rodolphe Meyer de Schauensee
- Fauna of the northwestern Andean montane forests
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