Английская Википедия:Commander-in-Chief Fleet

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Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox official post The Commander-in-Chief Fleet (CINCFLEET) was the admiral responsible for the operations of the ships, submarines and aircraft of the British Royal Navy from 1971 until April 2012. The post was subordinate to the First Sea Lord, the professional head of the Naval Service. In its last years, as the Navy shrank, more administrative responsibilities were added.

In April 2012, the post was abolished, its rank downgraded from admiral to three-star vice admiral, and re-designated Fleet Commander and Deputy Chief of Naval Staff.

History

Prior to 1964 responsibility for control and direction of British naval affairs lay with the Admiralty, naval command lay with the Admiralty Naval Staff. Following the merger of the Admiralty in 1964 into the new Ministry of Defence it became known as the Navy Department.[1][2]

In November 1971, force reductions resulted in the Western Fleet being amalgamated with the Far East Fleet. It was to be commanded by a four star admiral who held the title Commander-in-Chief Fleet,[3] with his headquarters at the Northwood Headquarters, Middlesex, England. Previous to November 1971, on 1 May 1971 CINCWF had already assumed responsibility for the administration of ships in the Far East Fleet. From 1971-72 CINCFLEET directed Flag Officer, Carriers and Amphibious Ships; Flag Officer First Flotilla; Flag Officer, Second Flotilla; Flag Officer Submarines; the Hydrographer of the Navy, Rear Admiral Geoffrey Hall (all survey vessels); Flag Officer Sea Training (all ships in workup at Portland); and Captain, Mine Countermeasures.[4] Operational control was delegated to FOSNI, Flag Officer Plymouth, Flag Officer Gibraltar, Flag Officer Malta, Senior Naval Officer West Indies, Commander, ANZUK Naval Forces, and Commodore-in-Charge, Hong Kong.

The Flag Officer Gibraltar, and Gibraltar Naval Base Commander, a Rear Admiral, double-hatted as NATO's Commander Gibraltar Mediterranean (COMGIBMED).[5] In the late 1980s two small patrol craft, Шаблон:HMS, Шаблон:HMS, were reported as being attached to FO Gibraltar.

The post of CINCFLEET also was assigned the NATO appointments of Commander-in-Chief, Eastern Atlantic Area (CINCEASTLANT) and Commander-in-Chief Channel (CINCHAN).[6] On 1 July 1994, the Channel Command was disestablished: however most of its subordinate commands remained in existence although reshuffled: most of the headquarters were absorbed within Allied Command Europe particularly as part of the new Allied Forces Northwestern Europe.[7]

In 1992 Fleet Headquarters moved to Portsmouth. In 2005, the Second Sea Lord, reduced in rank from full Admiral to Vice-Admiral, came under CINCFLEET's command, a situation that lasted until the Levene reforms of 2012.[8]

Responsibilities

Файл:Royal Navy Command Structure 2010.png
Structure in 2010

Full command of the Fleet and responsibility for the Fleet element of military operational capability including the Royal Marines and the Royal Fleet Auxiliary, was delegated to Commander-in-Chief Fleet, as is described in official descriptions circa 2010.[9] In 1971 after the amalgamation of the Western and Far East Fleets the headquarters was established at Northwood, in the London Borough of Hillingdon (HMS Warrior). Both the CINCFLEET and CINCEASTLANT staffs were co-located there.

By the early 21st century the headquarters was split. In 2002 a new Command Headquarters, the Navy Command Headquarters Building at HMS Excellent in Portsmouth[9]Шаблон:Dead link was completed. Thereafter the headquarters was split between the Command HQ and CINCFLEET's Operational Headquarters at Northwood, co-located with the Permanent Joint Headquarters.[9]Шаблон:Dead link

By the 2010s, CINCFLEET was supported by:[9]Шаблон:Dead link

Collectively, COMUKMARFOR, COMUKAMPHIBFOR, Commander UK Task Group (COMUKTG), and the 3 Commando Brigade Headquarters comprised the "Fleet Battle Staff".[14]

Commanders-in-Chief Fleet

The Commanders-in-Chief were:[15]

Image Rank Name Term began Term ended
Файл:No image.png Admiral of the Fleet Sir Edward Ashmore November 1971 December 1973
Файл:No image.png Admiral of the Fleet Sir Terence Lewin December 1973 October 1975
Файл:John Treacher (1977).jpg Admiral of the Fleet Sir John Treacher October 1975 March 1977
Файл:No image.png Admiral of the Fleet Sir Henry Leach March 1977 May 1979
Файл:James Eberle (cropped).jpg Admiral Sir James Eberle May 1979 April 1981
Файл:Bust of Lord Fieldhouse (cropped).jpg Admiral of the Fleet Sir John Fieldhouse April 1981 October 1982
Файл:No image.png Admiral Sir William Staveley October 1982 June 1985
Файл:No image.png Admiral Sir Nicholas Hunt June 1985 May 1987
Файл:No image.png Admiral Sir Julian Oswald May 1987 April 1989
Файл:No image.png Admiral Sir Benjamin Bathurst April 1989 January 1991
Файл:Naval Photo Jock Slater (cropped).jpg Admiral Sir Jock Slater January 1991 December 1992
Файл:No image.png Admiral Sir Hugo White December 1992 June 1995
Файл:Peter Abbot, Michael Portillo and William J. Perry (Abbot cropped).jpg Admiral Sir Peter Abbott October 1995 September 1997
Файл:Defense.gov News Photo 021114-D-2842B-606 (cropped).jpg Admiral Sir Michael Boyce September 1997 September 1998
Файл:Stella Maris Mass 2013 Portsmouth Cathedral (9971395596) (Nigel Essenhigh cropped).jpg Admiral Sir Nigel Essenhigh September 1998 November 2000
Файл:Tony Ray (17967654632) (cropped).jpg Admiral Sir Alan West November 2000 September 2002
Файл:The Queen and Adm Jonathon Band in 2006 (Band cropped).JPG Admiral Sir Jonathon Band September 2002 November 2005
Файл:No image.png Admiral Sir James Burnell-Nugent November 2005 November 2007
Файл:General Walter L. Sharp walks with Sea Lord Admiral, Sir Mark Stanhope (cropped).jpg Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope November 2007 June 2009
Файл:Trevor Soar presents (cropped).jpg Admiral Sir Trevor Soar[16] June 2009 January 2012
Файл:1SL George Zambellas 2013-09-08 (cropped).jpg Admiral Sir George Zambellas[17] January 2012 April 2012

Deputy Commander-in-Chief, and Chief of Staff

Deputy Commanders have included:[15]

Chiefs of Staff

The Commander-in-Chief, Fleet's principal staff officer was the Chief of Staff, Fleet, responsible for coordinating the supporting staff of Fleet Headquarters from November 1971 to 2012.[18]

# post holder see dates notes/ref
1. Chief of Staff Fleet Шаблон:Main 1971-2012 In 1990 became a joint title of the Deputy C-in-C[19]
2. Chief of Staff, (Warfare) Fleet Шаблон:Main 2002-2006 became CoS Capability[20]
3. Chief of Staff (Capability) Fleet Шаблон:Main 2006-2012 [21]
4. Assistant Chief of Staff, Operations Шаблон:Main 1971-2010 became ACOS Operations (Navy) in 2002[22]
5. Assistant Chief of Staff, Plans Шаблон:Main 1971-2012 [23]
6. Assistant Chief of Staff, Warfare Шаблон:Main 1973-2012 [24]
7. Command Secretary, Fleet Шаблон:Main 1971-2012 [25][26]

Subordinate commands

At various times included:[27][28][29][30][31]


# post holder see dates
1. Chaplain of the Fleet and Director-General Naval Chaplaincy Services Шаблон:Main 1971-2012
2. Commandant General Royal Marines Шаблон:Main 1971-2012
3. Commander British Forces Gibraltar Шаблон:Main 1992-2012
4. Commander Operations Шаблон:Main 1993-2012
5. Commander UK Amphibious Forces Шаблон:Main 2001-2012
6. Commander United Kingdom Maritime Forces Шаблон:Main 2001-2012
7. Flag Officer, Carriers and Amphibious Ships Шаблон:Main 1971-1979
8. Flag Officer First Flotilla Шаблон:Main 1971-1990
9. Flag Officer Naval Air Command Шаблон:Main 1971-2010
10. Flag Officer Gibraltar and Gibraltar Naval Base Commander Шаблон:Main 1971-1992
11. Flag Officer Scotland, Northern England, Northern Ireland Шаблон:Main 1996-2012
12. Flag Officer Scotland and Northern Ireland Шаблон:Main 1971-1996
13. Flag Officer Sea Training Шаблон:Main 1971-2012
14. Flag Officer, Second Flotilla Шаблон:Main 1971-1992
15. Flag Officer Submarines Шаблон:Main 1971-1991
16. Flag Officer, Surface Flotilla Шаблон:Main 1990-2002
17. Flag Officer, Third Flotilla Шаблон:Main 1979-1992

Structure charts

Шаблон:Infobox command structure

Шаблон:Infobox command structure Шаблон:Infobox command structure

Flag Officer First Flotilla, 1989

Файл:HMS Phoebe (F42) entering Hampton Roads 1990.jpeg
The Шаблон:Sclass Шаблон:HMS in the Hampton Roads

The Flag Officer First Flotilla (FOF1) was a rear admiral based HMNB Portsmouth who commanded the navy's First Flotilla.

Flag Officer, Second Flotilla, 1989

Файл:HMS Birmingham D86.jpg
The Type 42 destroyer Шаблон:HMS entering Port Everglades in Florida

The Flag Officer, Second Flotilla was a rear admiral based HMNB Devonport who commanded the navy's Second Flotilla.

Flag Officer, Third Flotilla, 1989

Файл:HMS Invincible (R05) Dragon Hammer 90.jpg
Шаблон:HMS during NATO exercise Dragon Hammer 90

The Flag Officer, Third Flotilla was a rear admiral based at HMNB Portsmouth who doubled as NATO Commander Anti-Submarine Warfare Striking Force. In 1989 Vice Admiral Alan Grose held this appointment.

Flag Officer Scotland and Northern Ireland, 1989

Файл:HMS Quorn is pictured as she departs from Portsmouth. MOD 45139064.jpg
The Hunt-class mine countermeasures vessel Шаблон:HMS leaving port

The Flag Officer Scotland and Northern Ireland (FOSNI) was a vice admiral based at RAF Pitreavie Castle, who commanded the navy's units in Scotland and Northern Ireland and double-hatted as Naval Base Commander at Rosyth, NATO Commander Northern Sub-Area (NORLANT) and Commander Nore Sub-Area Channel (NORECHAN).[34] The main unit under his command was the Mine Countermeasures Flotilla based at Royal Naval Dockyard Rosyth on the Firth of Forth, which was commanded by a commodore. Additionally the Second Flotilla's 3rd Destroyer Squadron was based at RN Dockyard Rosyth. In war FOSNI would have been one of two naval operational commands, with the other being Flag Officer Plymouth.

Flag Officer Plymouth, 1989

The Flag Officer Plymouth was a vice admiral based at Admiralty House, who commanded the navy's units in England and Wales and double-hatted as Naval Base Commander Devonport, NATO Commander Central Sub-Area (CENTLANT) and Commander Plymouth Sub-Area Channel (PLYMCHAN).[35][36] In war Flag Officer Plymouth would have been one of two naval operational commands, with the other being Flag Officer Scotland and Northern Ireland.

Flag Officer Submarines, 1989

The Flag Officer Submarines was a rear admiral based at Northwood Headquarters, who commanded the Royal Navy Submarine Service and double-hatted as NATO Commander Submarine Force Eastern Atlantic (COMSUBEASTLANT).

Flag Officer Naval Air Command, 1989

Файл:Westland Sea King HAS6, UK - Navy AN1377450.jpg
A Sea King HAS.6 from 814 Naval Air Squadron armed with torpedoes at RNAS Culdrose

The Flag Officer Naval Air Command was a rear admiral based at RNAS Yeovilton, who commanded the Fleet Air Arm.

Commandant General Royal Marines, 1989

Файл:Royal Marines on Rigid Raider.jpg
Royal Marines during an exercise in Scotland

The Commandant General Royal Marines, in 1989 Lieutenant General Sir Martin Garrod based at Whitehall, was the service head of the Royal Marines. In 1991 their structure was described as "very top heavy. They have nearly 8,000 men to put 2,400 in the field...they have three 'tied' generals, the Commandant General, a major general as his chief of staff, and a major general commando forces."[38]

Note: "(V)" denotes British Army reserve units.

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Further reading

  • Шаблон:Cite journal Cooke-Priest was Flag Officer, Naval Aviation.
  • Commander R. W. Moland RN (1972) One Fleet: A Structural Outline, The RUSI Journal, 117:666, 17-20, DOI: 10.1080/03071847209429770

Шаблон:Naval Service (British) Шаблон:Royal Navy fleets