Английская Википедия:Common Program
The Common Program was the primary general policy document issued by the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) in 1949. The program, though having no legal power, served in effect as an interim provisional constitution until 1954, when a newly written constitution was passed and ratified by the 1st National People's Congress.
Background
On September 29, 1949, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference unanimously adopted the Common Program as the basic political program for the country following the success of the Chinese revolution.[1]Шаблон:Rp
Key provisions
The Common Program defined China as a new democratic country which would practice a people's democratic dictatorship led by the proletariat and based on an alliance of workers and peasants which would unite all of China's democratic classes (defined as those opposing imperialism, feudalism, and bureaucratic capitalism and favoring an independent China).[1]Шаблон:Rp
The Common Program described people's congresses as the primary organs through which the people would exercise state power.[1]Шаблон:Rp It stated that the National People's Congress was the highest body of state power.[1]Шаблон:Rp According to the Common Program, all state organs should practice democratic centralism.[1]Шаблон:Rp
Generally, the Common Program prioritized ownership of the state-owned economy, although it also gave consideration to some private interests.[1]Шаблон:Rp It did not seek to eliminate capitalism as a whole, instead encouraging private enterprises viewed as beneficial to the national economy and sought to implement a mixed economy.[1]Шаблон:Rp
In Article 26, the Common Program defines "development of production" as the primary goal intended to be achieved through the establishment of socialist relations of production.[2]Шаблон:Rp It states, "The basic principle for the economic construction of the People's Republic of China is ... to achieve the goal of developing production and a flourishing economy ... to promote the development of the entire society and economy."[2]Шаблон:Rp
The Common Program addresses agriculture in Article 34, stating that "the People's Government should organize peasants and all labor power that can carry out agricultural work to ... [develop] agricultural production ... Every step of land reform should be integrated with the revival and development of agricultural production."[2]Шаблон:Rp
Article 35 emphasized the development of heavy industry, such as mining, iron and steel, power, machinery, electrical industry, and the chemical industry "in order to build a foundation for the industrialization of the nation."[2]Шаблон:Rp
Academic analysis
Researcher Zheng Qian compares the Common Program's support for an economy with mixed forms of ownership to Vladimir Lenin's New Economic Policy during the post-1921 transitional period in the Soviet Union.[1]Шаблон:Rp
See also
- Constitutional history of the People's Republic of China
- Constitution of the People's Republic of China
References
Further reading
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- Economic history of China
- Legal history of China
- 1949 establishments in China
- Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
