Английская Википедия:Common Wealth Award of Distinguished Service

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The Common Wealth Awards of Distinguished Service (or Common Wealth Awards) were created under the will of the late Ralph Hayes, an influential American business executive and philanthropist. Hayes conceived the awards to reward and encourage the best of human performance worldwide. Hayes served on the board of directors of PNC Bank, Delaware's predecessor banks from 1935 to 1965. Through the Common Wealth Awards, he sought to recognize outstanding achievement in eight disciplines: dramatic arts, literature, science, invention, mass communications, public service, government and sociology. The awards also provide an incentive for people to make future contributions to the world community.

Ralph Hayes

Hayes worked in the Office of the United States Secretary of War in Washington, D.C., the motion picture industry, publishing, banking, and for the Coca-Cola Company. For 35 years, he was a Coca-Cola executive; he was secretary-treasurer, vice president, and as a director of Coca-Cola International. He was on the board of directors of the Bank of Delaware (now PNC Bank) from 1943 to 1965, having previously been a Director of its predecessor, The Equitable Trust Company, from 1935 to 1943. Hayes also had a long career of public service. He was a chairman of the James Foundation, president of Community Funds, Inc., and a longtime director of the New York Community Trust. He died in 1977 at the age of 82, leaving the Common Wealth Awards as part of his charitable legacy.

Prize and ceremony

Each recipient of the Common Wealth Award receives a $50,000 prize. It is presented at an annual, invitation-only, black-tie dinner hosted at the Hotel DuPont in Wilmington, Delaware.

In their 39-year history, the Common Wealth Awards have conferred $6 million in prize money to 201 honorees of international renown. The awards are funded by the Common Wealth Trust.

Common Wealth Award Writing Contest

Since 2000, more than sixty Delaware high school students have met and talked to the winning world leaders through the Common Wealth Award Writing Contest. Four winners of the writing contest and their parents or guardians are invited each year to the Common Wealth Awards ceremony, where the honorees are recognized for their lifetime achievement. As time allows, students are often able to talk directly with the winners.

Contest winners are publicly acknowledged at the Common Wealth Awards ceremony and receive a framed picture of themselves taken with the honorees.

List of honorees

Year	Honoree	Discipline	Claim to Fame
1979	Laurence, Lord Olivier Шаблон:UK	Dramatic Arts	British actor and founding director of the British National Theatre.
	Joseph Papp Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Influential American theatrical director and producer.
	Jay W. Forrester Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	Prominent scientist who made outstanding contributions to digital computer technology.
	Charles J. Plank Шаблон:IND	Science & Invention	Chemist and inventor credited with inventing the first commercially applicable apparatus for the breaking of hydrocarbons.
	Edward J. Rosinski Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	Chemical engineer and inventor credited with making significant breakthroughs in the technology of hydrocarbon conversions.
	Kingsley Davis Шаблон:USA	Sociology	American sociologist and demographer who coined the terms population explosion and zero population growth.
	Robert Merton Шаблон:USA	Sociology	Influential sociologist recognized for coining terms such as, self-fulfilling prophecy and role models.
1980	Peter Brook Шаблон:UK	Dramatic Arts
	Agnes de Mille Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Famed American dancer and choreographer.
	Gabriel García Márquez Шаблон:COL	Literature	Nobel Prize-winning author and a pioneer of the Latin American Boom.
	Robert Penn Warren Шаблон:USA	Literature	American poet, novelist, and literary critic; cofounder of New Criticism.
	Clair McCollough Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	Radio and television executive, as well as longtime officer of the National Association of Broadcasters
	Lowell Thomas Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	American writer, broadcaster, and traveler, best known for publicizing the story of Lawrence of Arabia.
	James Hillier Шаблон:CAN	Science & Invention	Physicist and inventor who assisted in the development of an early, commercially successful electron microscope for RCA.
	Lewis H. Sarett Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention
	James Coleman Шаблон:USA	Sociology
	Otis Duncan Шаблон:USA	Sociology	One of the most influential sociologists in history, instrumental in transforming mainstream American sociology.
1981	Harold Pinter Шаблон:UK	Dramatic Arts
	Tennessee Williams Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Major American playwright of the twentieth century.
	Nadine Gordimer Шаблон:Flag	Literature
	Milan Kundera Шаблон:CZE	Literature
	Walter Cronkite Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications
	Julian Goodman Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications
	Howard S. Becker Шаблон:USA	Sociology
	Peter Blau Шаблон:AUT	Sociology
1982	Harold Prince Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Award-winning producer and director; co-artistic director of the New Phoenix Repertory Company.
	Wright Morris Шаблон:USA	Literature	American novelist, short-story writer, essayist, and photographer.
	Vincent Wasilewski Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	President of the National Association of Broadcasters (NAB).
	Bell Laboratories Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	Credited with the discovery of the Fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE).
	Charles Tilly Шаблон:USA	Sociology
1983	Hume Cronyn Шаблон:CAN (d. Шаблон:USA)	Dramatic Arts
	Jessica Tandy Шаблон:UK	Dramatic Arts
	Jeane J. Kirkpatrick Шаблон:USA	Government
	Christopher Isherwood Шаблон:UK	Literature
	César Milstein Шаблон:ARG	Science & Invention
	Kenneth Lane Thompson Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention
	William Sewell Шаблон:USA	Sociology
1984	Athol Fugard Шаблон:Flag	Dramatic Arts
	Stephen Sondheim Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Award-winning stage musical and film composer & lyricist.
	Eudora Welty Шаблон:USA	Literature
	Robert Phelan Langlands Шаблон:CAN	Science & Invention
	Joseph Rubinfeld Шаблон:USA	Invention	Instrumental in licensing the original anticancer line of products for Bristol-Meyers, as well as development of amoxicillin.
	Matilda White Riley Шаблон:USA	Sociology	Renowned sociologist and Daniel B. Fayerweather Professor of Political Economy and Sociology Emerita.
1985	Zelda Fichandler Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Famed cofounder and producing director of the Arena Stage in Washington.
	Max Frisch Шаблон:SUI	Literature
	Candy Lightner Шаблон:USA	Public Service	The organizer and founding president of Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD).
	Alain Aspect Шаблон:FRA	Science & Invention
	Delft Hydraulics Laboratory Шаблон:NED	Science & Invention
	Peter H. Rossi Шаблон:USA	Sociology	Prominent sociologist, best known for documenting homelessness in the 1980s.
1986	Samuel Beckett Шаблон:IRL	Dramatic Arts
	John Ashbery Шаблон:USA	Literature	Award-winning American poet.
	Norman Cousins Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications
	Leon H. Sullivan Шаблон:USA	Public Service
	Jet Propulsion Laboratory Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	NASA research center which specializes in building and operating uncrewed spacecraft.
	Kenneth H. Olsen Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	American engineer who co-founded Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) in 1957 with a colleague.
	John A. Clausen Шаблон:USA	Sociology
1987–88	Lloyd Richards Шаблон:USA (b. Шаблон:CAN)	Dramatic Arts
	Andrei Voznesensky Шаблон:RUS	Literature
	Gordon Parks Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	Famed American photographer, pianist, film director, and novelist.
	N.T. Pete Shields Шаблон:USA	Public Service	Cofounder of Handgun Control, a Washington, D.C.-based citizens' gun control lobbying organization
	John B. MacChesney Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	Best known for key inventions in the commercial manufacture of optical fiber.
	Robin M. Williams, Jr. Шаблон:USA	Sociology
1989	Jennifer Tipton Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Award-winning American lighting designer.
	George P. Shultz Шаблон:USA	Government	Former Secretary of Labor, Secretary of the Treasury, and head of the Office of Management and Budget.
	Toni Morrison Шаблон:USA	Literature	Nobel Prize-winning author, editor, and professor.
	David Brinkley Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	Emmy nominated television newscaster and host of This Week with David Brinkley from 1982–1997.
	Leroy E. Hood Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	American biologist who helped to decode the human genome.
	Alice S. Rossi Шаблон:USA	Sociology	Cofounder of the National Organization for Women; 74th president of the American Sociological Association.
1990	Jerome Robbins Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Academy Award-winning film director and choreographer.
	Aharon Appelfeld Шаблон:ISR (b. Шаблон:ROU)	Literature	One of Israel's foremost living Hebrew-language authors.
	David Broder Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist, author, talk show pundit, and university professor.
	Jaime Escalante Шаблон:BOL	Public Service
	J.C.R. Licklider Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	Renowned for his work on the human-computer dialogue, time sharing, virtual memory, and resource sharing.
	Mirra Komarovsky Шаблон:RUS	Sociology
1991	James Earl Jones Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts
	Paul A. Volcker Шаблон:USA	Government	Former chairman of the Federal Reserve.
	Adrienne Rich Шаблон:USA	Literature
	Sebastião Salgado Шаблон:BRA	Mass Communications	Respected photojournalist and Special Representative for UNICEF.
	Roger N. Beachy Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	American biologist and founder of the Donald Danforth Plant Science Center.
	Nathan Keyfitz Шаблон:CAN	Sociology	Responsible for important work regarding formal demography and population projections.
1992	Arthur Miller Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts
	Warren E. Burger Шаблон:USA	Government
	James A. Michener Шаблон:USA	Literature
	Ted Turner Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	American media mogul and philanthropist.
	Susan Solomon Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	Demonstrated the first conclusive link between manmade CFCs and the ozone holes above Antarctica.
1993	Julie Harris Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Three-time Emmy Award-winning and five-time Tony Award-winning actress of stage, screen, and television.
	John Updike Шаблон:USA	Literature	Prominent American novelist, poet, short story writer, and literary critic.
	Jim Lehrer Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	American journalist and anchor for The News Hour with Jim Lehrer on PBS.
	Jonas Salk Шаблон:USA	Public Service	World-renowned for his development of the polio vaccine.
	Charles H. Townes Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	Accomplishments range from helping ease the strain of everyday life to studying the origin of the universe.
1994	August Wilson Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Prominent African-American playwright.
	Henry A. Kissinger Шаблон:USA	Government	Former Secretary of State and Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs; founder of Kissinger Associates.
	Larry King Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	Award-winning television and radio broadcaster; host of CNN's Larry King Live.
	Jacques-Yves Cousteau Шаблон:FRA	Public Service	Explorer, ecologist, scientist, photographer, and researcher who invented SCUBA and pioneered unaided deep sea diving.
	Leland H. Hartwell Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	Widely recognized pioneer in the field of yeastgenetics and cancer research.
1995	Jane Alexander Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Award-winning actress, author, and former director of the National Endowment for the Arts.
	William Styron Шаблон:USA	Literature	Novelist who explored difficult historical and moral questions.
	Charles Kuralt Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	Award-winning American journalist, best known for his long career with CBS.
	James & Sarah Brady Шаблон:USA	Public Service	Influential members of the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence.
	Karen Uhlenbeck Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	Helped in the understanding of the fundamental properties of matter in the universe.
1996	Jason Robards Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Award-winning film and television actor.
	Derek Walcott Шаблон:Flag	Literature	Nobel Prize-winning poet, playwright, writer, visual artist, and theatre & art critic.
	Ken Burns Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	Award-winning documentary filmmaker.
	Eunice Kennedy Shriver Шаблон:USA	Public Service	Founder of the Special Olympics.
	Andrew Wiles Шаблон:UK	Science & Invention	Solved Fermat's Last Theorem, an equation that had perplexed mathematicians for centuries.
1997	Seamus Heaney Шаблон:IRL	Literature	Nobel Prize-winning poet, writer, and lecturer.
	Michael E. DeBakey Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	Internationally recognized pioneer in the field of cardiovascular research and surgery.
	Jane Goodall Шаблон:UK	Public Service	World-renowned for her 45-year study of chimpanzee social and family life.
	Edward Albee Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Pulitzer Prize-winning contemporary American playwright.
	James H. Clark Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	Prolific entrepreneur and former computer scientist; cofounder of Netscape Communications Corporation.
1998	Christopher Plummer Шаблон:CAN	Dramatic Arts	Actor of stage, screen, and television during his five-decade career.
	Saul Bellow Шаблон:USA (b. Шаблон:CAN)	Literature	Nobel Prize-winning novelist.
	Bill Moyers Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	Veteran journalist who worked for both CBS and PBS during his nearly four-decade career.
	Betty Ford Шаблон:USA	Public Service	Founder of the Betty Ford Center, a drug and alcohol dependency treatment center located in Rancho Mirage, CA.
	Stephanie Kwolek Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	Was responsible for the creation and discovery of Kevlar during her time at the DuPont Company.
1999	Dr. Louis Miller Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	Biologist who has made vast contributions to malaria research and other widespread tropical diseases.
	John Irving Шаблон:USA	Literature	Bestselling American novelist and Academy Award-winning screenwriter.
	Robert MacNeil Шаблон:CAN	Mass Communications	Former television news anchor and journalist of The MacNeil/Lehrer Report.
	Lawrence Eagleburger Шаблон:USA	Government	Former Secretary of State and diplomat.
	Julie Taymor Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	American director of Broadway theatre and film.
2000	Desmond Tutu Шаблон:Flag	Public Service	Anglican archbishop, international human rights leader, and 1984 Nobel Peace Prize laureate.
	E. L. Doctorow Шаблон:USA	Literature	Foremost American novelist acclaimed for his lyrical, breakthrough fiction.
	Christiane Amanpour Шаблон:UK	Mass Communications	CNN chief foreign correspondent and influential reporter of global crises.
	Robert Ballard Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	Marine scientist, pioneer of deep ocean exploration, and undersea archaeologist.
	Mikhail Baryshnikov Шаблон:RUS	Dramatic Arts	Legendary dancer and icon of classical ballet and modern dance.
2001	Morgan Freeman Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Veteran actor acclaimed for his classic, commanding roles on stage, screen, and television.
	J. Craig Venter Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	Biochemist, entrepreneur, and gene pioneer who succeeded in unlocking the human genetic code.
	James Nachtwey Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	Renowned photojournalist who has chronicled the human anguish of war, genocide, and famine worldwide.
	Philip Roth Шаблон:USA	Literature	Pulitzer Prize winner regarded as a literary giant among America's postwar generation of writers.
	Dr. William Magee & Kathleen Magee Шаблон:USA	Public Service	Founders of Operation Smile, which aids children with facial deformities around the world.
2002	Julie Andrews Шаблон:UK	Dramatic Arts	World-renowned performer whose stardom spans movies, theater, television, and concert hall.
	Carlos Fuentes Шаблон:MEX	Literature	Preeminent writer of fiction and political commentary, and a leading cultural force in modern Latin America.
	Lonnie Thompson & Ellen Mosley-Thompson Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	Researchers who have tracked Earth's ancient climate history and global warming.
	George Mitchell Шаблон:USA	Government	Former U.S. Senate majority leader and peace mediator for Northern Ireland and the Middle East.
	Fred Rogers Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	Children's television icon; creator and host of the critically acclaimed Mister Rogers' Neighborhood.
2003	Sam Donaldson Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	Veteran television journalist and former chief White House correspondent for ABC News.
	Bob Dole Шаблон:USA	Government	Former U.S. Senate majority leader and influential voice of the Republican Party.
	Susan Stroman Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Broadway's most celebrated director-choreographer.
	Joyce Carol Oates Шаблон:USA	Literature	One of America's most significant and inventive contemporary writers.
	Dean Kamen Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	Renowned inventor of breakthrough medical and transportation devices.
2004	Christopher Reeve Шаблон:USA	Public Service	Renowned actor and America's leading advocate for people with paralysis and other disabilities.
	Meryl Streep Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Legendary actress and Hollywood icon, considered the greatest film star of her generation.
	Stanley Prusiner, M.D. Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	Pioneering researcher and Nobel Prize-winner who discovered the deadly protein linked to mad-cow disease.
	Isabel Allende Шаблон:CHI	Literature	The most widely read and renowned Latin American woman writer in the world.
	Andrea Mitchell Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	Leading broadcast journalist and chief foreign affairs correspondent for NBC News.
2005	Gen. Colin L. Powell Шаблон:USA	Government	Former Secretary of State and respected leader, diplomat, and soldier.
	David Mamet Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Pulitzer Prize-winning playwright, Hollywood screenwriter, and preeminent dramatist.
	Tim Berners-Lee Шаблон:UK	Mass Communications	Visionary inventor of the World Wide Web and director of the World Wide Web consortium.
	Amy Tan Шаблон:USA	Literature	Best-selling novelist whose stories explore family ties, heritage, and the Asian-American experience.
	Kip Thorne Шаблон:USA	Science & Invention	Foremost American researcher of black holes and gravitational waves.
2006	John Glenn Шаблон:USA	Government	Former U.S. Senator, astronaut, and heroic pioneer of American space exploration.
	HM Queen Noor of Jordan Шаблон:JOR	Public Service	A leading voice for global peace-building, human rights, and conflict recovery issues.
	Mike Nichols Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Preeminent and award-winning director of stage and screen.
	Rita Dove Шаблон:USA	Literature	Pulitzer Prize-winning poet and two-term Poet Laureate of the United States.
	Anderson Cooper Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	Leading broadcast journalist and CNN news anchor of Anderson Cooper 360°.
2007	Sidney Poitier Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Academy Award-winning actor and cinematic trailblazer.
	Aleksander Kwaśniewski Шаблон:POL	Government	Former two-term president of the Republic of Poland; cofounder of the Social Democratic Party.
	Cokie Roberts Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	Veteran broadcast journalist; best-selling author; political analyst for ABC News; and NPR senior news analyst.
	Ian McEwan Шаблон:UK	Literature	Acclaimed and award-winning British novelist, short-story, and screenwriter.
2008	Glenn Close Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Celebrated actress of stage, screen, and television.
	John Howard Шаблон:AUS	Government	Four-term prime minister of Australia.
	Ann Curry Шаблон:USA (b. Шаблон:GUM)	Mass Communications	News anchor of NBC's Today; coanchor of Dateline NBC.
	James E. Hansen Шаблон:USA	Science	Preeminent climate scientist; director of the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies.
2009	Buzz Aldren Шаблон:USA	Science	Astronaut and lunar explorer.
	Doris Kearns Goodwin Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	Historian and Pulitzer Prize-winning author.
	Don DeLillo Шаблон:USA	Literature	Author, playwright and occasional essayist whose work paints a detailed portrait of American life in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.
	Kevin Spacey Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Academy Award-winning actor and artistic director of London's Old Vic Theatre Company.
2010	Annie Leibovitz Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	Legendary portrait photographer responsible for some of the most iconic images of the last four decades.
	Laura Linney Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Award-winning actress of stage, film, and theatre. Best known for her roles in Love Actually and HBO miniseries "John Adams."
	Greg Mortenson Шаблон:USA	Public Service	Humanitarian, writer. Co-founder of the Central Asia Institute and founder of the charity Pennies for Peace.
	Salman Rushdie Шаблон:IND	Literature	Booker Prize-winning novelist and essayist. Played a major role in the development of Indian English literature.
2011	Russell Banks Шаблон:USA	Literature	Internationally acclaimed novelist, poet, and short story writer.
	Cherie Blair Шаблон:UK	Public Service	Noted human rights lawyer and women's rights activist.
	Bill Richardson Шаблон:USA	Government	Thirtieth Governor of New Mexico, former U.S. Energy Secretary, U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations and Congressman.
	George Will Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	America's foremost political commentator and Pulitzer Prize-winning columnist.
2012	Wolf Blitzer Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications
	Madeleine Albright Шаблон:USA	Government
	Kenneth Cole Шаблон:USA	Public Service
	Judith Jamison Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts
2013	Alan Alda Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts
	David McCullough Шаблон:USA	Literature
	Jane Pauley Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications
	Martin Sheen Шаблон:USA	Public Service
2014	Bob Costas Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications
	Anjelica Huston Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts
	Mariano Rivera Шаблон:Flag	Public Service
2015	Jon Bon Jovi Шаблон:USA	Public Service
	Edward Norton Шаблон:USA	Public Service
	Jimmy Wales Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications
2016	Mandy Patankin Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts
	Bob Schieffer Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications
	Elizabeth Smart Шаблон:USA	Public Service
2017	Charles Grodin Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Distinguished commentator and storyteller.
	Dr. Mae Jemison Шаблон:USA	Science	Esteemed engineer, physician and NASA astronaut; the first African-American woman to travel in space.
	Marlo Thomas Шаблон:USA	Public Service	Social activist and leading national advocate for St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.
2018	Joe Biden Шаблон:USA	Government	American politician and former Vice President of the United States.
	Ron Chernow Шаблон:USA	Literature	Preeminent American historic biographer.
	Henry Louis Gates, Jr. Шаблон:USA	Sociology	Professor of African and African American Studies at Harvard University, distinguished filmmaker, literary scholar and cultural critic.
2019	Diane Keaton Шаблон:USA	Dramatic Arts	Academy Award-winning and Tony nominated actor
	Peggy Noonan Шаблон:USA	Mass Communications	presidential speechwriter, historian and Pulitzer Prize-winning columnist
	Captain Sully Sullenberger Шаблон:USA	Public Service	American hero, safety expert, and author

See also

• List of general science and technology awards