The concerto for two harpsichords in C minor, BWV 1060, is a concerto for two harpsichords and string orchestra by Johann Sebastian Bach. It is likely to have originated in the second half of the 1730s as an arrangement of an earlier concerto, also in C minor, for oboe and violin. That conjectural original version of the concerto, which may have been composed in Bach's Köthen years (1717–1723), is lost, but has been reconstructed in several versions known as BWV 1060R.
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While the extant 18th-century manuscripts present the concerto in a form for two harpsichords and strings, the assumption that it originated as concerto for violin and oboe has become widely accepted since the late 19th century.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn[1] The precise date for this earlier concerto is unknown, but it is believed to have been in existence from the early 1720s.Шаблон:Sfn The version for two harpsichords likely originated in or around 1736.Шаблон:Sfn A broader estimate for the time of origin of the version for two harpsichords is 1735–1740.Шаблон:Sfn
The concerto is scored for two harpsichords (cembalo concertato I and II), two violin parts (violin I and II), viola and basso continuo.[1] The difference in texture and figuration of both solo instruments is clearest in the outer Allegro movements.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn In these movements, the melody lines of the cembalo II part are generally more lyrical and less agile than those of the cembalo I part.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The Adagio middle movement, where the melody lines of both solo instruments imitate one another without distinction in texture and figuration, has been likened to the middle movement of Bach's double violin concerto, BWV 1043.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
The theme with which the first Allegro movement opens is transformed in various ways, returning in its original form only at the end of the movement.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
In the 1874 preface to the Bach Gesellschaft edition of the concerto for two harpsichords, Wilhelm Rust had suggested that the original version of the concerto would have been for two violins.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn In 1886 Woldemar Voigt wrote that the original instrument for the part of the second harpsichord was more likely an oboe, and that the original of the concerto could almost certainly be identified with a lost concerto for oboe and violin mentioned in a 1764 Breitkopf catalogue.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
In his preface to the 1990 second edition of the Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis (BWV), Wolfgang Schmieder proposed to add a capital "R" to a BWV number to indicate a reconstructed version of a composition that is only extant in a later version, hence a reconstruction of a conjectured earlier version of the BWV 1060 concerto can be indicated as BWV 1060R.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Schmieder used the 1060R catalogue number for a reconstruction in C minor, for oboe and violin soloists, in the 1990 version of the BWV.Шаблон:Sfn
The slow movement of Karl Richter's recording, with Hedwig Bilgram and the Münchener Bach-Orchester, also features in the soundtrack of Stanley Kubrick's Barry Lyndon (1975).[5]
