Английская Википедия:Connie's Inn
Шаблон:Short description Connie's Inn was a Harlem, New York City, black and tan nightclub established in 1923 by Connie Immerman (né Conrad Immerman; 1893–1967)[1] in partnership with two of his brothers, George (1884–1944) and Louie Immerman (1882–1955).
History
Having immigrated from Latvia, the Immerman brothers operated a Harlem delicatessen and made their fortune as bootleggers.[2] Their club was located at 2221 Seventh Avenue at 131st Street in a basement from 1923 until 1934.[3] Acts performing there included Louis Armstrong,[4] Fats Waller, Wilbur Sweatman, Peg Leg Bates,[5] Bricktop[6] and Fletcher Henderson. Like the Cotton Club, Connie's Inn featured African American performers but restricted its audience to whites only.[7] Its steep cover charge of $2.50, its intimate atmosphere, and its ability to hire famous entertainers made the club unique among other New York clubs.[3] Members of the Ziegfeld Follies, heiress Gertrude Vanderbilt, and numerous others poured in from downtown to enjoy the shows at Connie's Inn and were sometimes influential in moving their revues to Broadway. Connie Immerman was instrumental in the design and the promotion of the revues, including the famous Hot Chocolates revue.[8] Leonard Harper became the Connie's Inn in-house producer during its glory days.
In the early 1930s, the Immermans moved Connie's Inn to a downtown location. There, they produced one of their last great revues, Stars Over Broadway, which starred Billie Holiday, and featured Bessie Smith as a temporary fill-in for Holiday when she was ill.
The Great Depression forced Connie's Inn to close and the Immerman brothers to obtain individual employment. With a change in ownership, Connie's Inn became Club Harlem.[9] In April 1934, the Harlem site re-opened as the Club Ubangi and featured lesbian, gay and bisexual entertainers such as Gladys Bentley and comedian Jackie Mabley, later known as Moms Mabley[10]
References
- Allen, Irving L. The City in Slang: New York Life and Popular Speech. New York: Oxford University Press (1993), pg. 75; Шаблон:OCLC
- Wintz, Cary D., and Paul Finkelman. Encyclopedia of the Harlem Renaissance. New York: Routledge (2004), pg. 581; Шаблон:OCLC
- Lerner, Michael A. Dry Manhattan – Prohibition in New York City. Harvard University Press (2007), pg. 216; Шаблон:OCLC
Inline citations
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокNYTs 1967 Oct 25не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокCullen 2007не указан текст - ↑ 3,0 3,1 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокGiddins 2001не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокNYTs 1998 Dec 8не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокHarlemRenaissanceEncylopedia 2003не указан текст - ↑ Aberjhani, ., & West, S. L. (2003). Encyclopedia of the Harlem Renaissance. New York, NY: Facts On File. Page 67
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокBritannica-Black-History Mableyне указан текст
- Английская Википедия
- African-American cultural history
- Nightclubs in Manhattan
- Harlem
- 1923 establishments in New York City
- Former music venues in New York City
- Defunct jazz clubs in New York City
- Delicatessens in the United States
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
- Страницы с ошибками в примечаниях
