Английская Википедия:Consolations (Liszt)

Материал из Онлайн справочника
Перейти к навигацииПерейти к поиску

Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Italic title The Consolations (German: Tröstungen) are a set of six solo piano works by Franz Liszt. The compositions take the musical style of NocturnesШаблон:Sfn with each having its own distinctive style.Шаблон:Sfn Each Consolation is composed in either the key of E major or DШаблон:Music major. E major is a key regularly used by Liszt for religious themes.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

There exist two versions of the Consolations. The first (S.171a) was composed by Liszt between 1844 and 1849Шаблон:Sfn and published in 1992 by G. Henle Verlag.Шаблон:Sfn The second (S.172) was composed between 1849 and 1850Шаблон:Sfn and published in 1850 by Breitkopf & Härtel, containing the familiar Consolation No. 3, Lento placido, in DШаблон:Music major.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

Title

The source of the title Consolations may have been Lamartine's poem "Une larme, ou Consolation" from the poetry collection Harmonies poétiques et religieuses (Poetic and Religious Harmonies).Шаблон:Sfn Liszt's piano cycle Harmonies poétiques et religieuses is based on Lamartine's collection of poems.Шаблон:Sfn Another possible inspiration for the title are the Consolations of the French literary historian Charles Sainte-Beuve.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Sainte-Beuve's Consolations, published in 1830, is a collection of Romantic era poetry where friendship is extolled as a consolation for the loss of religious faith.Шаблон:Sfn

The Consolations are also referred to as Six pensées poétiques (Six poetic thoughts), a title not used for Breitkopf's 1850 publication but for a set published shortly thereafter, in the same year, by the Bureau Central de Musique in Paris.Шаблон:Sfn

Consolations, S.171a

The Consolations, S.171a, consist of six solo compositions for the piano.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

  1. Andante con moto (E major)
  2. Un poco più mosso (E major)
  3. Lento, quasi recitativo (E majorШаблон:Sfn/C-sharp minorШаблон:Sfn)
  4. Quasi Adagio, cantabile con devozione (DШаблон:Music major)
  5. Andantino (E major) – "Madrigal"
  6. Allegretto (G major)

Composed between 1844 and 1849,Шаблон:Sfn they are Liszt's first version of the Consolations and were first published in 1992 by G. Henle Verlag.Шаблон:Sfn The manuscripts are located at the Goethe and Schiller Archives in Weimar.Шаблон:Sfn

The third Consolation is an arrangement of a Hungarian folksong that would be later reused by Liszt in his Hungarian Rhapsody No.1, S.244/1.Шаблон:Sfn The fifth Consolation is the earliest of the compositions and dates from 1844. In an early manuscript, the fifth Consolation is entitled “Madrigal”.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Liszt dedicated the Madrigal to a friend of his, a Weimar Intendant named M. de Ziegäser.Шаблон:Sfn

Consolations, S.172

The Consolations, S.172, consist of six solo compositions for the piano.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

  1. Andante con moto (E major)
  2. Un poco più mosso (E major)
  3. Lento placido (DШаблон:Music major)
  4. Quasi Adagio (DШаблон:Music major)
  5. Andantino (E major)
  6. Allegretto sempre cantabile (E major)

Composed between 1849 and 1850,Шаблон:Sfn they are Liszt's second version of the Consolations. This version of the Consolations is better known than the first version and was published in 1850 in Leipzig by Breitkopf & Härtel.Шаблон:Sfn In comparison to the first version of the Consolations, the original third Consolation (S.171a/3) was replaced with a new Consolation (Lento placido in DШаблон:Music major) and the remaining Consolations were simplified.Шаблон:Sfn

Consolations Nos. 1 and 2

The first of the Consolations is in E major and initially marked Andante con moto. The shortest of the set, consisting of just 25 measures, it has an identical opening to another of Liszt's works, the Album-Leaf (Première Consolation), S.171b.Шаблон:Sfn Consolation No. 2 is also in E major and is initially marked Un poco più mosso. It is often played directly after the first, without a break.Шаблон:Sfn

Consolation No. 3

Файл:Breitkopf 1850 Liszt Consolations S.172 3 intro.png
Consolation No. 3, first few bars

Шаблон:Stack The third Consolation is in DШаблон:Music major and initially marked as Lento placido. It is the most popular of the ConsolationsШаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn and also a favorite encore piece.Шаблон:Sfn

Its style is similar to Chopin's Nocturnes;Шаблон:Sfn in particular, it seems to have been inspired by Chopin's Nocturne Op. 27 No. 2.Шаблон:Sfn The similarity between the two works has been interpreted as a tribute to Chopin who died in 1849, a year before the Consolations were published.Шаблон:Sfn This third Consolation is however one of several of Liszt's works that take a style reminiscent of Chopin; some examples include Liszt's Polonaises, Berceuse, Mazurka brillante, and his Ballades.Шаблон:Sfn

In 1883, years after composing the Consolation, Liszt received a Grand piano from the Steinway Company with a design that included a sostenuto pedal.Шаблон:Sfn Liszt began transcribing this Consolation for the new sostenuto pedal and in a letter to Steinway he wrote:

In relation to the use of your welcome tone-sustaining pedal I inclose two examples: Danse des Sylphes, by Berlioz, and No. 3 of my Consolations. I have today noted down only the introductory bars of both pieces, with this proviso, that, if you desire it, I shall gladly complete the whole transcription, with exact adaptation of your tone-sustaining pedal.Шаблон:Sfn

Liszt recommended sparing usage of the sostenuto pedal in the interpretation of this Consolation and opined on the positive effect it would have on the more tranquil passages.Шаблон:Sfn

Consolation No. 4

Файл:Breitkopf 1850 Liszt Consolations S.172 4 intro.png
Consolation No. 4, first few bars

Шаблон:Stack Consolation No. 4 is in DШаблон:Music major and is initially marked Quasi adagio. Composed in 1849,Шаблон:Sfn it is also known as the Stern-Consolation (Star Consolation) because of the six-pointed white star that appears on the printed score.Шаблон:Sfn The Consolation was inspired by a Lied written by Maria Pavlovna, the Grand Duchess of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The mood of the composition has been described as "churchly-religious"Шаблон:Sfn and "prayerlike".Шаблон:Sfn

Liszt later re-used the Consolation's theme in the Andante sostenuto / quasi adagio section of his Piano Sonata in B Minor.Шаблон:Sfn

Consolation No. 5

Файл:Breitkopf 1850 Liszt Consolations S.172 5 intro.png
Consolation No. 5, first few bars

Шаблон:Stack Consolation No. 5 is in E major. It is initially marked Andantino. The Consolation has a cantilena vocal style.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn This Consolation has the oldest genealogy having been reworked from the "Madrigal" of the earlier fifth version of the Consolations.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Compared to the earlier Madrigal, this Consolation:Шаблон:Sfn

  • is shorter, having 56 measures compared to the Madrigal's 69;
  • shares several sections with similar melodies;
  • employs simpler harmonies;
  • and is rhythmically less rigid.

Consolation No. 6

Файл:Breitkopf 1850 Liszt Consolations S.172 6 intro.png
Consolation No. 6, first few bars

The sixth and final Consolation is in E major. It is initially marked Allegretto sempre cantabile and is the longest of the Consolations with a total of 100 measures. It is the most technically demanding of the Consolations.Шаблон:Sfn The piece has been described by Carl Lachmund, one of Liszt's students, as more characteristic of Liszt's style than the more renowned DШаблон:Music major third Consolation.Шаблон:Sfn Lachmund provides insight into the style in which Liszt played the Consolation, stating:

He [Liszt] played each note of the melody as if it were a significant poetic word, which effect was heightened in that he used the thumb for each one of these notes, and dropping his hand in a languid manner as he did this. He would dwell slightly here or there on a note as if entranced and then resume the motion without leaving a feeling that the time had been disturbed. I do not recall the particular measures in which he did this; but even then I felt that he might do it in a different place each time he played the piece.Шаблон:Sfn

References

Notes Шаблон:Reflist

Sources Шаблон:Div col


Further reading

External links

Шаблон:Franz Liszt Шаблон:Portal bar Шаблон:Authority control

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

Источник — http://wikihandbk.com/ruwiki/index.php?title=Английская_Википедия:Consolations_(Liszt)&oldid=14053141